m/"c/"
#d 8" #b g:" l!"c("h:" -------------#
  ,A ,Short ,Story on a ,Receipt
  e{`i3'qv"mw"k*' gx"n*`ot"=1jy'
#d 8" #c g:" j:1r$"j!"t" -----------#
#d 8" #d g:" 8"d/1j!"t" ------------#
  ,Colorful ,Chameleons
  ot"a_'k%'i(`ot"ot"ot"
  8prey0 d!a6"q>`
#d 8" #e g:" qv'*" -----------------#
#d 8" #f g:" e?'=1k*1k?` -----------#
#d 8" #g g:" k31k)'d*"c*` ----------#
  ,The ,Wild ,Hood--,Desert ,Lions
  +`7"r0'ox'"1i>'m<"i:'j41
#d 8" #i g:" =1*"e~`ft1 ------------#
  ,A ,Forgettable ,Face
  *'iz'a&'k*"o/"a/"*'ax'ct`
#d 8" #aj g:" a/`f*1i:"e+`h3" ------#
  ,Power ,Outage
  fy1dt"d!aky't"
  8so that'''0 d!a6"q>`
#d 8" #aa g:" 8"d/1j!"t" -----------#
  ,The ,Beatles' ,Iconic ,Abbey ,Road
,Cover
  h(`k3"p*'f(1e:"d!ak_'r$'e$"8"
  8record0 d!a6"q>`
#d 8" #ab g:" l!"c("i:"qv'*" -------#
  8keep0 d!a6"q>`
#d 8" #ac g:" iu'd/"c|`s1 ----------#
  ,Visiting ,Porto1 ,Portugal
  =1r9"|`k)'{1e41c*`"1p/1f%1)1o<'d3'
  8size0 d!a6"q>`
#d 8" #ad g:" iu'd/"c|`s1 ----------#
  ,Visiting ,Porto1 ,Portugal
  =1r9"|`k)'{1e41c*`"1p/1f%1)1o<'d3'
  8climate0 d!a6"q>`
#d 8" #af g:" e?'=1y'|` ------------#
  ,Australians ,Who ,Eat ,Kangaroo ,Meat
  dw"i/`o%"hz'l %"a('az"q/`k/`c*"i:16"
dw"i/`g("
#d 8" #ag g:" k+`e*'=1q>` ----------#
  d*"cs"ax' i:1fw"k*1|`fw"
#d 8" #ah g:" pt'ax'k+1k(" ---------#
  ,Rainbow ,Flags ,Fly ,Proud
  jw`r&1p{'dx" k{'%"q0'.1
#d 8" #ai g:" f/1o{`i:"e+`h3" ------#
  ,Reasons ,Why ,High ,School ,Students
,Exercise
  k%'a&'iz'4"d&"d!a~1?'
  8a/ the majority of'''0 d!a6"q>`
#d 8" #bj g:" 8"d/1j!"t" -----------#
  ,Marbles3 ,A ,Game for ,The ,Ages
  ;-fv1-2 b/'j|"$" i:"k+"dv"a/'k?`o{'ew"
  8,As far as sth goes1 ,S+ ,V0 d!a6"
q>`0
#d 8" #ba g:" 8"d/1j!"t" -----------#
  ,Marbles3 ,A ,Game for ,The ,Ages
  ;-fv1-2 b/'j|"$" i:"k+"dv"a/'k?`o{'ew"
  8,As legend has it1 ,S+ ,V0 d!a6"q>`
#d 8" #bc g:" l!"c("h:" ------------#
  ,Underwater ,Art
  mv"o/"rw`d*` |"kt"h:"gv1|`*"i/"k&"j=1
d!am0`
#d 8" #bd g:" e?'d3'*" -------------#
#d 8" #be g:" =1*"e~`ft1 -----------#
  ,Wonderful ,Morgan's ,Wonderland
  m01s`qu'o+1d!al7"c!""1m<1ku'et'ky"
#d 8" #bf g:" a/`f*1k|"e+`h3" ------#
  ,Field ,Trips
  e{"7"k{"e81
  8wish/ hope+ 7that7 h:`k|"0 d!a6"q>`
#d 8" #bg g:" 8"d/1j!"t" -----------#
  ,Japan's ,Mascot ,Culture ,Gets a
,Shake-,Up
  ;-r0'e61-2 c*"rw" e61ou`e61d!amw"mz1
ky'k*"e81
  8bear0 d!a6"q>`
#d 8" #bh g:" 8"d/1j!"t" -----------#
  ,Japan's ,Mascot ,Culture ,Gets a
,Shake-,Up
  ;-r0'e61-2 c*"rw" e61ou`e61d!amw"mz1
ky'k*"e81
  8measurable0 d!a6"q>`
#d 8" #cj g:" i:1c*"j!"t" ----------#
          33333333333333333333













        #ajgjd ,Editor's ,Letter
      
  ,Entertainment is an important part of
life4 ,Finding ways to unwind after a
hard day of work isn't always easy1 but
have no fear1 the ,April issue of ,Ivy
,League is here6 ,This month1 we have
all sorts of stories about how to spend
your leisure time1 including reading the
newest form of literature3 ,A ,Short
,Story on a ,Receipt4 ,For our more 
old-fashioned readers1 ,The ,Beatles' 
,Iconic ,Abbey ,Road ,Cover will bring 
back some memories of the legendary 
entertainers and their music4 ,The
sporting crowd who still appreciates a
bit of history should place their bets
on ,Marbles3 ,A ,Game for ,The ,Ages4
,Marble can be used to make sculptures
too1 so dive in and see what kind of
,Underwater ,Art is on display in
,Europe's first submerged museum4 ,Even
if you aren't scuba certified1 everyone
needs to let loose and have some fun
once in a while4 ,That's why one father
opened ,Wonderful ,Morgan's ,Wonderland
for kids with disabilities to be able to
enjoy a water park and roller coaster
rides4 ,No matter who you are1 there's a
chance for recreation with ,Ivy ,League6
          33333333333333333333
     
  |1c!"i:"iz'r31a&'a&"{"d!a*'r}1- hw"e?'
l/`k&'h3"*'ft'r("{"a%`d%"qx"e&'d!aqx'i:"
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ey1i:"d!a=1e81h3"p?`- d$"|1k{"c%`pw"d!a
d/1a!`:1t12{h(`k3"p*'f(1e:"d!ak_'r$'e$"
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k*1f>'mu1d!a?'8"- gz1ks"e?'ix`*'dt`c*"
i:`d!af*`|"m*1y'kw'hw"{;-fv1-2 b/'j|"$"
i:"k+"dv"a/'k?`o{'ew"o c*`)'e)"d/`a/"-
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o/"rw`d*` |"kt"h:"gv1|`*"i/"k&"j=1d!a
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hw"av`b/'iu1m!ad{'l!"p?`o>a- k*1i:`m01s`
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qx"e&'oy"k?"jy1}1c!"- a!"ks"i:"*'my1q/"
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et'ky"o d!a~1?'2gx"iu'ax":1f&1+`nz1e.`
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j|"- /1c="n*`i:"i012d('s`rv"{bx1b='fz1
k+`e*'y'|`o *'f&1|1c!"d!ak*'r$"l
          33333333333333333333








































gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
  
#d 8" #b g:" l!"c("h:"

      ,A ,Short ,Story on a ,Receipt
      e{`i3'qv"mw"k*' gx"n*`ot"=1jy'
      
  by ,Brian ,Foden
  ,A ,French company has come up with a
novel way to distribute fiction through
vending machines4
  *'k)'q>"k31k&'e:'e.`b/'c!a*'k!"6"h:"
d&"qv"mw"k*'cw1q>'e&"e{`i3'd!ae?'dt`h:a-

  ,Vending machines exist for a variety
of purposes3 dispensing candy bars1
chips1 soda1 pens1 and even ice cream1
to name just a few4 ,One unusual use for
these machines is to 7#a---7 short
stories--really short ones4 ,A ,French
company named ,Short ,Edition1 which is
a community publisher of short
literature1 has developed stylish1
cylindrical1 black and orange dispensers
that allow people to select free works
of fiction according to 7#b---74 ,Three
buttons on the devices let the public
7#c---7 from stories that take one
minute1 three minutes1 or five minutes
to finish4 ,After deciding on the
appropriate stories1 readers watch as
the vending machines print out text on
receipt-like paper1 which they can then
stuff into their pockets1 purses1 or
7#d---7 else they want1 and read at
their leisure4 ,Call it micro-fiction
for the masses4
  ,Cofounder of ,Short ,Edition1
,Quentin ,Plepl81 says the idea behind
the vending machines is to provide
people with a convenient way to 7#e---7
time when they are bored1 like when they
are waiting to see the doctor or
dentist4 ,At present1 all the stories
are written by ,French authors and
7#f---7 in ,French and1 through
translation1 ,English4 8,The feedback we
got has been 7#g---7 positive1 7and7 we
are thrilled to see it working so well10
,Pleple said4 ,He added that people in
many countries around the world have
expressed interest and desire in having
,Short ,Edition vending machines in
operation there4

  #a4 7,A7 bring about 7,B7 put off
      7,C7 call for 7,D7 hand out
  #b4 7,A7 concept 7,B7 length
      7,C7 trend 7,D7 version
  #c4 7,A7 choose 7,B7 suffer
      7,C7 vanish 7,D7 escape
  #d4 7,A7 whatever 7,B7 anyway
      7,C7 whenever 7,D7 anyhow
  #e4 7,A7 seek 7,B7 take
      7,C7 waste 7,D7 kill
  #f4 7,A7 eligible 7,B7 tolerable
      7,C7 available 7,D7 sensible
  #g4 7,A7 ironically 
      7,B7 scarcely
      7,C7 overwhelmingly 
      7,D7 reluctantly
          33333333333333333333
     
  h:"d&"qv"mw"k*'?'k!"i:"k!"."d!a6"f/1:1
j=1hw"33f*1k&'ox"ox"fx1,.1|"pt",j*"i$`,
o*`2iu"a:"i:"oy'j*1c?12a!"c*`k?`k|`k*`
c*"- a!"e+'k*'j*"d!aj*1a&'*'k!"f!"o+16"
f/1i:"q>'e&"d}`pt'e{`i3'"1au'd!aru`d}`
d!ak/"i:"- *'k)'my1$1 ,Short ,Edition
d!aq>"k31k&'e:'{f>'i:"d}`pt'=1e81d!ai!"
j|'b/'ov`ix'o lw'q>'c!ai:1ix",~1a/"ey1,
r0'bz1p0"e!",nz1gx"d>"k)'ku'k|"e{`i3'bx1
d/"cw1e~`h!1mt`q0"e{`i3'h3"p?`d!ah:"d&"
qv"mw"k*'- a_'a:"ix"d!aev'k!"v"ns`gx"d>"
a&"l!`*`e~`h!1e|'{"r9'*'qu'a&',ev'qu'a&'
r3"/`qu'a&'d/1}1d!ak/"i:"- hw"d/1a!`k81
dy"r!1i:"d!ak/"i:"a:'r("2f>'mu1lv"d%"h:"
d&"qv"mw"k*'hw"e."i('k|"d!aa:`ix"d>`?"
b/'=1h:"2k+'a!al!`*`k.'a!"ax'a:`ew'k?"
l(`dw",jt1o%'r3"j*1f>'gu"r!1e.`{"ew'g/"
d!ad&'e*aa&'2oy"hw"et1e)1i:18"d/1- bz'
f>'$1py1m?1d!a$1e{`i3'o>a-
  ,Short ,Edition d!ak&"f&1b_"i:`gu1l='
fy'-p/`cw1p/`c*"o{`i:"2h:"d&"qv"mw"k*'
o0"r("d!ae.`q>`i:"f*1k&'gu1mu1*'k!"nz1
hw"/1c{1i:1d>`q>'i:1kt'd!akt`ot"qx'q>`2
o*`g/1f>'mu1hw"dz`dw"lv"*'iz'r3")1*'i:1-
m/"jt12e3`s`d!ak/"i:"k4's1q>"k31h3"k)'
a}"e+`2s`q>"=1rv"y'=1qv'*"ov`- p/`cw1p/`
c*"i3'33;-3`mu1d!1d%"d!ar$1l$"*'a:1d('
k*1$1az"mt"23`mu1ru`k%'ey"lv"d%"f>'4"h3"
d!aa!"m!ar%`--2 f>'o/`b&'d%"2j~1i:"k+"
e|`d3'k31k)'d!agu1mu1d('o{`i:"s`ey"j|",
+`l!`_"hw"f>'mu1dx'd*"nz1i!"a:" ,Short
,Edition h:"d&"qv"mw"k*'-

  d>1v"33 #a4 ,D #b4 ,B #c4 ,A #d4 ,A
#e4 ,D #f4 ,C #g4 ,C
          33333333333333333333
      
    &~1cw1g/1j:`y   
  #a4 ,One unusual use for these
machines is to hand out short 
stories--really short ones4
  a!"e+'k*'j*"d!aj*1a&'*'k!"f!"o+16"f/1
i:"q>'e&"d}`pt'e{`i3'"1au'd!aru`d}`d!a
k/"i:"-
  c*`s133
  a4 7,A7 bring about''' h%"bz1/ d%`
a:""""
  f&133 give rise to'''
  ,The bad economy brought about more
unemployment in the country4
  !"c+"d!aky'k*"jy1l_"d%`a:"a!"k!"k31k)'
kz"d3'gu1i:'+"-
  7,B7 put off''' f3't1"""2k.'"""t1j*1
  f&133 postpone vt4
  ,Due to the typhoon1 we've decided to
put off our trip until next week4
  ?'$"fw1qz'd!a~1k/"23`mu1k81dy"k.'c|`
ey1t1d%"e)"a('-
  7,C7 call for''' {'js1"""
  ,People are calling for the senator
involved in the scandal to step down4
  m?1a&"{'js1i!"k*1kw'b(`=1d!ajv'*"~1e)"
fw1-
  99 senator n4 jv'*"~1
  7,D7 hand out'''/ hand''' out q>'
qx""""2qu'q>'"""
  ,Jimmy got a part-time job handing out
flyers in front of the store4
  k*1m*`a%`d%"*'qu"hw"ix'k)'jt1q>'b}1dv'
d!akt'a:1k&'h3"-
  b4 ku'k|"|`*"2 7,D7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  #b4 ,A ,French company named ,Short
,Edition''' has developed stylish1
cylindrical1 black and orange dispensers
that allow people to select free works
of fiction according to length4
  *'k)'my1$1 ,Short ,Edition d!aq>"k31
k&'e:'"""lw'q>'c!ai:1ix",~1a/"ey1,r0'
bz1p0"e!",nz1gx"d>"k)'ku'k|"e{`i3'bx1d/"
cw1e~`h!1mt`q0"e{`i3'h3"p?`d!ah:"d&"qv"
mw"k*'-
  c*`s133
  a4 7,A7 concept n4 kw"nt"2k}'nt"
  ,It is hard to define a concept as
abstract as beauty4
  {"f*"e."m0`c*"a!"a&`b('e."d!akw"nt"e)"
dy"*"i:"ru`l="nv1d!a-
  99 abstract a4 b('e."d!a
  7,B7 length n4 bx1d/"
  ,Do you want to keep your hair
shoulder length8
  n?1d!af(1q>`{"kt`d%"j*1kt'm>ao
  7,C7 trend n4 j|'i:"
  ,Nina always pays close attention to
the latest fashion trends4
  n*1n>"e$1i:1m*"j+"a/"*"q/1a_'d!ah$"e?'
cs1ey1j|'i:"-
  7,D7 version n4 ov`ou`;*"ou`
  ,Jeremy thought the movie version was
nothing like the novel4
  k+1g3"m*`gu"$1n>"o/"e{`i3'd!adt"y`ov`
ou`}1j~1o*`o/"ix"e{`i3'ou`iu'-
  b4 ku'k|"|`*"2 7,B7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  #c4 ,Three buttons on the devices let
the public choose from stories that take
one minute1 three minutes1 or five
minutes to finish4
  a_'a:"ix"d!aev'k!"v"ns`gx"d>"a&"l!`*`
e~`h!1e|'{"r9'*'qu'a&',ev'qu'a&'r3"/`qu'
a&'d/1}1d!ak/"i:"-
  c*`s133
  a4 7,A7 choose vi4 & vt4 e~`h!1 7ev'
fw"$133 choose1 chose1 chosen47
  t`33q/"i/"my1j:1+ to choose from s`"""
j&1a&'e~`h!1
  ,There were many kinds of dessert to
choose from on the menu4
  jw"dv'ix"s`e|`d3'ft1dt`l!`k&'e~`h!1-
  ,The little girl chose the largest
apple in the basket4
  a!"e{`n|`rw1f{'c!acv1a&'h$"d>"d!apy1
k3`-
  7,B7 suffer vi4 i("l/`;r}"{oy"o
  t`33 suffer from''' h%'i("""";c*1
r}""""{k*1oy"o
  ,Iris suffers from insomnia because of
her high-pressure job4
  w"c*"e:'?'$"k&'h3")'c*"d>":1c*1r}"i:'
mt1-
  99 insomnia n4 i:'mt1
  7,C7 vanish vi4 e{'i:'
  t`33 vanish from''' j&1"""e{'i:'
  .k disappear from'''
  ,Many animal species have already
vanished from the face of the ,Earth4
  e|`d3'/"a&`*`j&1d*"js1o{`mt"e{'i:'-
  7,D7 escape vi4 & vt4 f%1c*1;f%1o*"
  t`33 escape from''' j&1"""f%1f3'
  ,Luckily1 we were able to escape from
the burning building4
  ru`ey"4"d*"23`mu1nz1f%1c*1n>"d&"i:'r3`
d!aqx1h:a-
  ,The travelers escaped the herd of
elephants by hiding behind some rocks4
  n>"j41c|`gu1d3`hw"*'e+'t1i:1r("mt"*`
o*"lw'e."j41-
  b4 ku'k|"|`*"k*16"q>`2 7,A7 e."y'$1az"
e~`-
  #d4 ''' which they can then stuff into
their pockets1 purses1 or whatever else
they want1 and read at their leisure4
  """k+'a!al!`*`k.'a!"ax'a:`ew'k?"l(`
dw",jt1o%'r3"j*1f>'gu"r!1e.`{"ew'g/"d!a
d&'e*aa&'2oy"hw"et1e)1i:18"d/1-
  c*`s133
  a4 7,A7 whatever pron4 gu"r!1d&'e*a &
a4 o/"k}`iu1m!a."d!a & conj4 /1c="iu1m!a
  ,I believe whatever ,Judy says4
  3`e.'e?"a/'d*"e3`i3'd!agu"r!1r9"-
  ,If you can't come for whatever
reason1 please let us know as soon as
possible4
  g/1k3`n*`o/"nz1cw12o/"k}`i:"iu1m!a."
d!a~1?'2d('jy`k?`l7"gx"3`mu1a:'d%"-
  ,Whatever happens1 ,I'll back you up4
  o/"c="q>'iz'iu1m!ai:"23`d('r$"a:'b:1
n*`-
  7,B7 anyway adv4 o/"c="g/1r!12d%"d*`
{j.1d{"6"2a:"|1*1="k|"r3"kv`fv"k|"k|"$`o
  ,Who wants to go to your stupid party
anyway6
  d%"d*`s`i01r$"e.`{"j|"n*`n>`k!"|1b=`
d!apw"d$">al
  7,C7 whenever conj4 m0`dx' & adv4 /1
c="r!1i:1
  ,Whenever ,I was on stage1 my hands
couldn't stop shaking4
  m0`dx'3`ix"fw1o{`t`i:123`d!ai(`ks"d(`
k!"o/"fy1-
  ,I'll be home tonight4 ,You can stop
by whenever you want4
  3`k?'}`hw"k)'- n*`e$1i:1d('l!`*`cw1ow"
qx`3`-
  7,D7 anyhow adv4 o/"k}`g/1r!1
  f&133 anyway
  .k at any rate
  ,Anyhow1 we can give it a try4
  o/"k}`hu`."23`mu1l!`*`i:"i:"lv"-
  b4 ku'k|"|`*"k*16"q>`2 7,A7 e."y'$1az"
e~`-
  #e4 ''' the idea behind the vending
machines is to provide people with a
convenient way to kill time when they
are bored'''
  """h:"d&"qv"mw"k*'o0"r("d!ae.`q>`i:"
f*1k&'gu1mu1*'k!"nz1hw"/1c{1i:1d>`q>'i:1
kt'd!akt`ot"qx'q>`"""
  c*`s133
  a4 ou`f*1j!"i:"*`e)"k/"dy"6"q>`33
  kill time d>`q>'i:1kt'
  ,Listening to music is a good way to
kill time4
  fy'?'8"i:"e{'m<1i:1kt'd!ar%`qx'q>`-
  b4 ku'k|"ix"i/"6"q>`2 7,D7 e."y'$1az"
e~`-
  #f4 ,At present1 all the stories are
written by ,French authors and available
in ,French and1 through translation1
,English4
  m/"jt12e3`s`d!ak/"i:"k4's1q>"k31h3"k)'
a}"e+`2s`q>"=1rv"y'=1qv'*"ov`-
  c*`s133
  a4 7,A7 eligible a4 s`h:'k!1d!a2r!1k!1
d!a
  t`33 be eligible for sth s`h:'k!1d!1
d%"m(`/"
  ,Anyone who finds my lost dog will be
eligible for a cash reward4
  gu"r!1gu1a%`d%"3`h(`i:'d!ae{`k(`d('s`
h:'k!1r3"d!1*'o*`k.`k?'-
  7,B7 tolerable a4 l!`gu`i("d!a
  ,The pain from the needle going into
my arm was tolerable4
  au'f&`d>`g/"3`i(`o*"d!aa!"a&`f&"rw1l!`
*`gu`i("-
  7,C7 available a4 l!`6"d!a;l!`d!1d%"
d!a
  ,Are there any seats available on the
afternoon flight8
  e)"/`d!aov'k*'rw1s`m01s`l&"$"o
  7,D7 sensible a4 my1a:"d!a2r!1c*`d!a
  ,It was sensible of you to quit that
awful job4
  n*`j:1d{"n>"qu"h%'k%'d!ak&'h3"i:"k!"
my1a:"d!ah3"q>`-
  b4 ku'k|"|`*"2 7,C7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  #g4 8,The feedback we got has been
overwhelmingly positive1 7and7 we are
thrilled to see it working so well10
,Pleple said4
  p/`cw1p/`c*"i3'33;-3`mu1d!1d%"d!ar$1
l$"*'a:1d('k*1$1az"mt"23`mu1ru`k%'ey"lv"
d%"f>'4"h3"d!aa!"m!ar%`--2
  c*`s133
  a4 7,A7 ironically adv4 qz"j:"d*"
  ,Ironically1 the more water ,I drink1
the thirstier ,I get4
  qz"j:"d*"i:"23`i$`r!'d!a8"d3'2l(`ks"8"
l!`-
  7,B7 scarcely adv4 k*'r/'o/"
  f&133 hardly adv4
  ,Mary was so surprised that she could
scarcely speak4
  m>`c*"ky')"d!ak*'r/'i3'o/"b/'r9"cw1-
  7,C7 overwhelmingly adv4 )'d%`ey"d*"
  ,None of the other ideas seemed to be
so overwhelmingly convincing4
  e:"r/'m01s`j*1f>'k}'dt`k|"s`g/1j:`)'
d%`ey"d!ai$"q/1c*"-
  99 convincing a4 cy"gu1e?"q/1d!a
  7,D7 reluctantly adv4 o/"jy1~"d*"
  ,Dora reluctantly explained to me why
she broke up with her boyfriend4
  d3`c>'o/"jy1o/"~"d*"ku'3`k+`i:"f>'rv"
nv1s`qu'i(`d!a~1?'-
  b4 ku'k|"|`*"2 7,C7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
          33333333333333333333
      
    8words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 receipt n4 i('k|"2q>'p{"{ou`h:"d!a
p o/"q>'?'-o
  t`33 electronic receipt dt"h:`q>'p{"
  ,Would you like the receipt in the
bag8
  n?1{"o>`q>'p{"qx"hw"dw"h:ac*`m>ao
  #b4 novel a4 e?'y`d!a2e?'j*1d!a & n4
e{`i3'
  t`33 a novel idea e?'j*1d!adt`h:a
  ,Larry proposed a novel idea which may
help boost sales4
  cw"g$"f*1b/'*'k!"nz1f*1iz'e{'i("+"k*'
d!ae?'y`dt`h:a-
  ,Lisa began writing novels in her
twenties4
  c*"i>':"i:1k*`e$"lw'i:`e+`e{`i3'-
  #c4 distribute vt4 qu'q>'2qu'e&"
  ,Owen helped his teacher distribute
questionnaires to his classmates4
  ('=1ox'c%`i:'o>`="k~"q>'k0`j*1f>'f&1
e81-
  99 questionnaire n4 ="k~"
  #d4 fiction n4 {e|'k("o e{`i3'c0"{k*1
r!1my1j:12o/"l!`i/`o
  t`33 nonfiction n4 {e|'k("o q0'e{`i3'
c0"{k*1r!1my1j:12o/"l!`i/`o
  o*`k{" novel rv" fiction k+'o{`;-e{`
i3'-22dv"i:" novel $1l!`i/`my1j:12e3`*`
o{`i:";-*'ou`e{`i3'-2 i:1{"6" a novel4
:1 fiction h!1$1k*1r!1my1j:12o{`;-e{`i3'
d!ah&`bz'-22jt1mt"o/"l!`*`a:"k}"j:1-
  ,That short story is a work of
fiction4 ,In other words1 it is not
about real people4
  n>"h!1d}`pt'k/"i:"i:"e{`i3'c0"h3"p?`-
+`ks"i:"i3'2f>'|`au'gu1au'i:"/1k}'-
  #e4 dispense vt4 f*1k&';qu'p0";p0"{"
  t`33 dispense ,A to ,B k.' ,A qu'k0`
,B
  ,The hospitable villagers dispensed
iced tea to the thirsty mountain
climbers4
  r%"l!"d!aj='m?1f*1k&'oy'b>1k0`l(`l!`
d!adz'iv'a!`-
  99 hospitable a4 r%"l!"d!a2?'j?1d!a
  ,Pharmacists can't be too careful when
dispensing medicine4
  {"i:'p0"{"i:1hw"k?`iu"+`o/"$1k3"-
  99 pharmacist n4 {"k*"i:'
  #f4 appropriate a4 j)"dx"d!a;r!1i:"d!a
  qv`33 inappropriate a4 o/"j)"dx"d!a
  ,Now is not the appropriate time to
talk about this problem4
  et"hw"o/"i:"f%`c="a!"k!"="f*1d!aj)"dx"
i:1k*'-
  ,Roy's inappropriate comment offended
his friends4
  c3"*'n>"d}"o/"j)"dx"d!aq>'t1g!`n%`c!a
f>'d!apz1s`-
  #g4 stuff vt4 ew'k?"2ew'mv` &
n4 /"p?`2d&'e*a{o/"l!`i/`o
  t`33 be stuffed with''' ew'mv`"""
  a lot of stuff e|`d3'd&'e*a 7q0' a lot
of stuffs7
  .k a lot of things
  ,This closet is stuffed with my
sister's clothes4
  a!"k!"*'b/1ew'mv`c!a3`k+`k+`d!a*'q/1-
  ,I'm afraid ,I can't go out with you
tonight4 ,I have a lot of stuff to do4
  k?'}`3`l&`p>"o/"nz1ku'n*`b/'j|"c!a- 3`
s`ru`d3'i:"{"h3"-
  #h4 micro- pref4 $1{e{`d!ao
  t`33 microwave n4 $1o<'c/1 
  microphone n4 mw"l!"qz'
          33333333333333333333
      
    8,Words to know0
  ? cylindrical a4 ~1a/"ey1d!a
  ? dispenser n4 f(1o*"k*'
  t`33 drink dispenser ?`c{"k*' 
  tape dispenser k{'fw1 
  receipt dispenser i('k|"f/`b/'l(`
  ? text n4 =1h:" & vt4 b}1kt`e4"k0`{m(`
gu1o
  t`33 text message kt`e4"
  ? mass n4 j41a&";d>"c.";f}12l7"
  t`33 a mass of''' d>"c."d!a"""
          33333333333333333333
      
    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 to name just a few k?`k|`k*`k!"$1
c*"
  f&133 just to name a few
  ,Molly has many hobbies1 such as
singing1 dancing1 and painting1 to name
just a few4
  m<"c*"s`e|`d3'i:"r%"2e$1ot"k|`k*`k!"
cw1i3'2e."i:"bx"k!',f{"/`,r9"r9"dz`d('
i:"-
  #b4 at one's leisure hw"m(`gu1et1e)1
i:1
  f&133 in one's spare time
  ,At my leisure1 ,I like to write1 sew1
and make jewelry4
  3`et1e)1i:1e*`r}'e+`h3",qz1gu"rv"a:"
h3"i(`i:"-
  99 sew vi4 & vt4 qz1{*'q/1o 7ev'fw"
$133 sew1 sewed1 sewn/ sewed47
  #c4 provide ,A with ,B f*1k&' ,B k0`
,A
  f&133 provide ,B for ,A
  ,Many universities provide their
students with on-campus housing4
  e|`d3'd>"e81f*1k&'kw'e{"e81iz'a/"e{"
d!aq/1/"-
  #d4 be thrilled to ,V """ru`ey'qu"
  ,I was thrilled to meet my favorite
singer in person4
  nz1j?'t`kt"d%"3`h$"e*`r}'d!ak!'i(`cy"
3`ru`ey'qu"-
  #e4 in operation 4"h3"/ y1+"
  ,Because of renovation1 the restaurant
will not be in operation until next
,Friday4
  s1|1b&1e?'a_'r_12jv'fy'{"d%"e)"ey'j*1
/`jw1r$"r$'q/"y1+"-

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#d 8" #c g:" j:1r$"j!"t"

  jy`ku'k|"k|"*"rv"=1q>`e~`b/'*'k!"h$"
az"j8"d!ad>1v"-
  #a4 ,A new website exposed its
,Achilles' heel by not taking the
necessary security 7----1 so it got
hacked4
  7,A7 substances 7,B7 occupations
  7,C7 allowances 7,D7 precautions
  #b4 ,Lily unintentionally ---- her
colleagues gossiping in the break room
about the new manager4
  7,A7 overwhelmed 7,B7 overheard
  7,C7 overturned 7,D7 overdid
  #c4 ,According to the medical
journal1 ---- diseases can be prevented
by means of dieting and a change in
lifestyle4
  7,A7 chronic 7,B7 radical
  7,C7 financial 7,D7 deliberate
  #d4 ,Nina really enjoys watching the
shows on ,Discovery ,Channel which ----
the viewers as well as entertain them4
  7,A7 accelerate 7,B7 enlighten
  7,C7 penetrate 7,D7 strengthen
  #e4 ,Scientists recently found that
doing several things ---- leads to 
half-done work1 poor time management1
and forgetfulness4
  7,A7 dramatically 7,B7 notoriously
  7,C7 vulnerably 7,D7 simultaneously
  #f4 ,Gossip magazines are often
perceived as ---- because they just
uncover scandals or the personal lives
of celebrities4
  7,A7 thoughtful 7,B7 informative
  7,C7 superficial 7,D7 educational
  #g4 ,The authorities promised to ----
the victims of the flood for their life
and property losses4
  7,A7 compensate 7,B7 terminate
  7,C7 discipline 7,D7 prescribe
  #h4 ,The contest rules stipulated that
all ---- answer the questions without
using computers or smartphones4
  7,A7 survivors 7,B7 participants
  7,C7 suspects 7,D7 criminals
  #i4 ,One good thing about being ----
is that you can easily refuse
invitations you don't want to accept4
  7,A7 productive 7,B7 doubtful
  7,C7 straightforward 7,D7 regrettable
  #aj4 ,A lot of people launched a
campaign to protest that the government
failed to ---- housing prices4
  7,A7 paralyze 7,B7 recognize
  7,C7 legalize 7,D7 stabilize

  d>1v"33 #a4 ,D #b4 ,B #c4 ,A #d4 ,B
#e4 ,D #f4 ,C #g4 ,A #h4 ,B #i4 ,C #aj4
,D
          33333333333333333333
      
    &~1cw1g/1j:`y          
  ,D #a4 *'k!"e?'_`av"?'$"m01s`jw`j|`o*"
{"d!av'j~1|"qx1j3"i:':1p/"c/"c!aa:"my"
g3"dt`2e3`*`f>'o0"rw"g/"c!a-
  m*"k*" 7,A7 substance n4 /"a:1
  ,The scientists compared the physical
properties of the two substances4
  l!'e81k)'o*`k{"c!aa!"c.`a&`/"a:1d!a/"
c*`ey"a:1-
  99 property n4 f!"ey"{l!`i/`o
  7,B7 occupation n4 k&'h3"2a:1+"
  ,My ideal occupation is to edit
magazines for a top publishing house4
  3`c*`e.`d!aa:1+"i:"hw"*'k)'*'cs1d!ab/'
ov`i!"ot'k*1h>1a:"-
  7,C7 allowance n4 cy16"jt1
  ,Al spends most of his allowance on
comic books4
  w":`o>`d>"o/"qu"d!acy16"jt1d('r9'hw"
mv"r9"i/'ix"-
  7,D7 precaution n4 |"qx1{j3"i:'o
  t`33 take precautions to ,V
  jw`j|`|"qx1j3"i:'{h3"o"""
  ,Owen took precautions to protect his
house from the hurricane4
  ('=1jw`j|`|"qx1j3"i:'*`mt`qx1h:ah%'k|"
qz'p<"r7"-
  99 hurricane n4 k|"qz'
  h:"j:1d>"o/`f+`
  a4 expose vt4 i:`p/"c/";i:`k+'b/"
  t`33 expose ,A to ,B i:` ,A p/"c/"|1
,B2 i:` ,A k+'b/" ,B
  ,Many parents try to expose their
children to a foreign language when they
are little4
  ru`d3'q/"m/`hw"rw1h:arw1e{`d!ai:1r("
ks"i:"f/1gx"f>'mu1k+'b/"7"|`-
  b4 ,Achilles' heel a:"my"g3"dt`
  ,The star's ,Achilles' heel was
exposed when a reporter learned that she
had undergone plastic surgery4
  *'my1k*"a!`q>'et"n>"$"my1ey'd&"k3"az`
ey1i(`i/"i:12f>'d!aa:"my"g3"dt`ot"j~1p/"
c/"c!ab/'cw1-
  c4 security n4 v'j~1;o%`ax"
  d4 hack vt4 g/"j?'{dt"n%`o
  ,Someone hacked my account and stole
all my banking information4
  s`gu1g/"j?'3`d!aax"r/"2j+"j|`c!a3`e3`
s`d!a?1rx1h:'c{"-
  ,B #b4 c*"c*"/1*"kt'f('fy'd%"f&1i:"mu1
hw"es'e*1i:"c*`k.`e?'gu"ky'c*`d!ao>'k9"-
  m*"k*" 7,A7 overwhelm vt4 t'm<"2)'d%`;
i:`a%'k)"o/"a/"
  t`33 be overwhelmed by'''
  o0""""t'm<"/ )'d%`;d$""""a%'k)"o/"a/"
  ,Gina was overwhelmed by all the work
at her new job4
  k*1n>"o0"f>'d!ae?'k&'h3")'d!ab}`o/"k3"
j*"-
  7,B7 overhear vt4 /1*"kt'fy'd%"
  ,Sherry overheard her parents talking
in the next room4
  e8`c*"/1*"kt'fy'd%"f>'q/"m/`hw"k!1o*"
qx1kt'fv1r9"-
  7,C7 overturn vt4 i:`qv'q/"
  ,The rough water overturned their
boat4
  k|"cx"i:`f>'mu1d!ab}1a:'qv'q/"c!a-
  99 rough a4 {rw`e.",ft'j*"dz`o l_1o%"
d!a
  7,D7 overdo vt4 {i:"jy1o h3"d!ak3"r3`
7ev'fw"$133 overdo1 overdid1 overdone47
  ,Be sure not to overdo it when you are
exercising4
  jt'}"o/"{"k3"d/"4"d&"-
  h:"j:1d>"o/`f+`
  a4 unintentionally adv4 /1*"kt'
  ,What ,Tom said unintentionally hurt
some of his coworkers4
  fx'm/`e3`i3'd!ar9"/1*"kt'ix'rw"c!a*'
e+'f&1i:"-
  b4 colleague n4 f&1i:"
  c4 gossip vi4 c{1o>'k9"
  ,Andrew does not like some of his
classmates1 because they gossip too
much4
  v'd!1c/`o/"fw"e*`r}'f>'d!am(`e+'f&1
e812?'$"f>'mu1fw"w"c{1o>'k9"c!a-
  ,A #c4 ku'k|"kw'*'e81j*1lv'2mv"ey"k*1
oy"nz1k("f("k3"?`i:1l&"a:"rv"iz'r31qx'
i:"d!akw`ot"cw1|"qx1-
  m*"k*" 7,A7 chronic a4 {k*1oy"o mv"ey"
d!a2bx1j*1d!a
  ,High blood pressure is a chronic
disease that should be treated properly4
  k%'e+`)'i:"mv"ey"oy"2y'dx'k?`iu"a:"
c{1-
  7,B7 radical a4 k*1d}'d!a
  ,Before going on a radical diet1 you
should consult a doctor first4
  6"k*1d}'d!aqx'i:"k+1i:1a:'jt12n*`y'kw'
et'jy`k{"*'i:'-
  7,C7 financial a4 jw1/"d!a;k?'g&1d!a
  ,Karen followed her financial
consultant's suggestions and invested in
the gold market4
  lw`c=1fy'j&1c*`jw1a}'~1d!akt"*"f(1h:'
r_1k?'i:"bx`- 
  7,D7 deliberate a4 k/"*"d!a
  ,My deliberate attempts to get
,Sally's attention were completely
ignored4
  i>'c*"}1j~1o/"c*`r$"3`l!"*"?`j*`f>'a/"
*"d!ak|`d&"-
  h:"j:1d>"o/`f+`
  a4 disease n4 k*1oy"
  b4 prevent vt4 |"qx12qx1a:`
  t`33 prevent sb/ sth from ,V-ing qx1
a:`m(`gu1/ m(`/""""
  ,You should put the meat into the
fridge to prevent it from going bad4
  n*`y'kw'o>`g("qx"d%"oy'e.'c*`*`qx1a:`
f>'r7"d{"-
  c4 by means of''' py1a!a/ k+"s1"""
  ,The mountain resort is only
accessible by means of a cable car4
  d%"n>"k!"iv'kt'd/"k)"iz"d*"d!a$1*'qx'
i:"ks"i:"d>'cv`b!'-
  ,B #d4 n*1n>"ru`e.`i("k}'lv"fv"e3`p?1
d%"ix"n>"e+'k*"nz1j*`q>'s"l!`*`|1c!"k}'
a&"d!ak+1m/"-
  m*"k*" 7,A7 accelerate vt4 k)'e/"
  ,We have to accelerate the speed of
our work1 or we won't finish on
schedule4
  3`mu1d0`k)'l7"k&'h3"e/"d/"2q(`h!1k.'/1
q>`g/1j*1}1k&'-
  7,B7 enlighten vt4 j*`q>'
  t`33 enlighten sb on sth j*`q>'m(`gu1
m(`i:"
  ,Mike's lecture enlightened us on the
importance of environmental protection4
  mw"l!"d!ak.`h3"j*`q>'c!a3`mu1d$"r}1ky"
o%`r/"a&"{"ey"d!agu"a:'-
  7,C7 penetrate vt4 b}'k3"2b}'f("
  ,The needle couldn't penetrate the
elephant's tough skin4
  au'b}'o/"k3"d>"e."kt'gu"d!ap*1q/'-
  7,D7 strengthen vt4 hz'j.12k)'j.1
  ,Workers strengthened the castle
against the enemy's attack by building
an outer wall4
  k&'gu1mu1d>'kt"bz1o%`7"j.1*`k)'j.1qx1
|"d*1gu1d!ak&'k*1-
  h:"j:1d>"o/`f+`
  entertain vt4 |1c!"
  ,The clown entertained the children
with magic tricks4
  n>"k!"e{`b(`*`m<1i/"e*"q>`|1c!"e{`pz1
s`-
  ,D #e4 l!'e81k)'h$"k?"q>'et"2f&1i:1b/`
c*`i/"kt"i:"jy1r$"d%`a:"k&'h3"a:`}1bz1*'
ov",o/"c.1d!ai:1kt'k}`c*`2*`k*1kt"_"-
  m*"k*" 7,A7 dramatically adv4 d>"q/1
d/"d*";e*"k|"ey"d*"
  ,Edward's health has improved
dramatically since he was released from
the hospital4
  w"d!1r91b/'~"r("kt"lx'a_"l_"*`d>"q/1
kw`iv"-
  7,B7 notoriously adv4 !"my1a%'ax'd*"
  f&133 infamously adv4
  ,Mr4 ,White is notoriously known for
his bad temper4
  r71f!"et'iz'?'f>'d!ar7"p*1j*":1!"my1~`
o<"-
  7,C7 vulnerably adv4 *"i("ix'd*"
  ,The animal was forced to move uphill
in search of food1 leaving it vulnerably
exposed to predators4
  kw'd&"/"o0"p<"d%"iv'ix"e41a%`i:1/"2a!"
i:`j*1g&1*"i("d%"c8"i:1a!`d!ak&'k*1-
  7,D7 simultaneously adv4 f&1i:1d*"
  ,Alan watched ,,TV and talked on the
phone simultaneously4
  w"c=1ot'lv"dt"i:"ot'k.`dt"r9"-
  h:"j:1d>"o/`f+`
  a4 lead to''' h%"bz1/ d%`a:""""
  ,Scarce resources lead to fierce
competition4
  h:'~1o/"h/1d%`a:"ky"az'k*'c+"-
  99 scarce a4 j8'q>1d!a2o/"h/1d!a
  b4 management n4 k}`c*`;ky'y1
  c4 forgetfulness n4 kt"_"
  ,Memory loss or forgetfulness is a
common part of aging4
  k*"*"ex"i:'r3"kt"_"i:"bx1kt"d!a*'a&`
c%`r9"et"e."-
  ,C #f4 o>'k9"h>1a:"f&'bx1o0"gu"$1q/'
jt`2?'$"f>'mu1a:`i:"k+'q>'my1gu1d!ab(`=1
r3"e:'iz'r31-
  m*"k*" 7,A7 thoughtful a4 f*`f+'d!a
  t`33 ,It is thoughtful of sb to ,V
  m(`gu1{h3"o"""au'i:"f*`f+'
  ,It was thoughtful of ,Jimmy to take
care of his mother when she was sick4
  k*1m*`hw"m>'m>'iz'oy"i:1a%"k/"f>'au'
i:"f+'e?'-
  7,B7 informative a4 q/"a:'i:"ey"d!a
  ,Dr4 ,Wang's speech on that rare
disease was quite informative4
  _1*'i:'au'd$"n>"k!"rv`kt"k*1oy"d!at`
k.`e.'dx'q/"a:'i:"ey"-
  7,C7 superficial a4 q/'jt`d!a
  ,Amanda is so superficial that she
only associates with rich people4
  w"mv"d>1ru`q/'jt`2f>'a:`ku's`jt1gu1cw1
_`-
  99 associate with sb |`m(`gu1cw1_`
  7,D7 educational a4 k{"|"ey"d!a
  ,The family all watched an educational
show on ,,TV4
  a!"k)'gu1*'f&1k}'ix`k{"|"ey"d!ak+1m/"-
  h:"j:1d>"o/`f+`
  a4 be perceived as''' o0"i:"$1"""
  perceive vt4 b>1k812lv"b/'
  ,Never breaking his promises1 ,John
has long been perceived as a man of his
word4
  8'rv"j&1$"$1o0"n3"t12?'j:`bx1j*1*`cw1
d('o0"i:"$1t1:1s`e?"d!agu1-
  b4 uncover vt4 q>'et"2k+'c/"
  ,Sherlock ,Holmes always uncovers the
truth with logical reasoning4
  e)"c3"l!"-q/1:`m<1e:'h&`nz16"c31k*1f$'
c*`cw1q>'k81au'e."-
  c4 scandal n4 b(`=1
  ,A #g4 dx'k|1bz1n3"{"o/`bx1r&1i$`i("
hw'r/"d!aiz'my"k*1jw1bv`e=`i:'-
  m*"k*" 7,A7 compensate vt4 & vi4 o/`
bx1
  t`33 compensate sb for sth o/`bx1m(`
gu1m(`/"
  compensate for''' m*1o/`"""
  ,The company will compensate you for
your loss4
  kw'k&'e:'r$"p01bx1n*`d!ae=`i:'-
  ,The widow was given ,,NT 4#fjj1jjj to
compensate for the loss of her husband4
  n>"my1k9`q/"?'ex"q/':1r3"d!1e?'fw1o*"
cs"i:1}"d!ap01bx1k?'-
  7,B7 terminate vt4 a&'a:`
  ,You have to give your boss one
month's notice if you want to terminate
your contract4
  g/1k3`n*`e.`a&'a:`r!18'2o*"e|'f*1jt1*'
k!"8"f&'a:'n*`d!ac%`ov`-
  7,C7 discipline vt4 k}`k{";bz1b/`
  ,Instead of physical punishment1
teachers should discipline their
students verbally4
  c%`i:'y'kw'*`l(`f(1k}`k{"cw1dw"f*"f*`
q>1e81iz'-
  7,D7 prescribe vt4 lw'{"qx'
  ,The doctor prescribed some
painkillers for me to ease the pain4
  *'iz'lw'*'e+'a:`f&"k*"k0`3`2i/'r}`3`
d!afz1f&"-
  h:"j:1d>"o/`f+`
  a4 the authorities 7concerned7 {s`k}'o
dx'k|1{rz16"q/"i/"o
  b4 promise to ,V bz1n3"{h3"o"""
  ,Shelly promised to keep the secret
for me4
  e8`c*"bz1n3"r$"ox'3`o%`i(`a!"k!"m*"
m*"-
  c4 property n4 jw1bv`{o/"l!`i/`o
  ,B #h4 o*`ew"k$'h!1k$'dy"e3`s`jv'ew"
a!`o/"d!1i:`6"dt"n%`r3"a:"r$"ey1i(`k*'
cw1h3"d>1-
  m*"k*" 7,A7 survivor n4 iz'r}1a!`2ey"
j=1a!`
  ,Unfortunately1 there were no
survivors in the car accident4
  ru`o/"ey"d*"2a!"bx`b!'r3"a&'m01s`iz'
r}1a!`-
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gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#d 8" #d g:" 8"d/1j!"t"

      ,Colorful ,Chameleons
      ot"a_'k%'i(`ot"ot"ot"
  8prey0 d!a6"q>`
  
  by ,William ,Ryan
  ,Their color-changing ability is just
one of the reasons these creatures are
so captivating4
  a!"a&`iz'/"ot"r}"t1e!"d!anz1c*"k?`i:"
f>'mu1q0'bx1m*1gu1d!aj*1a&'*'e."~1?'-

  ,Chameleons are some of the most
fascinating reptiles on ,Earth4 ,There
are over #bjj species of this highly
specialized lizard and most have the
unusual ability to change color at will4
,Indigenous to ,Africa1 southern
,Europe1 and southern ,Asia1 some
species live in desert habitats1 while
others are rainforest dwellers4
  ,Along with many other lizards1 larger
chameleons have tails that are adapted
for grasping trees4 ,They also have
rapidly extendable tongues to catch
prey4 ,Chameleons have two 
forward-facing toes and two back toes1 a
climbing adaptation they share with some
bird and owl species4 ,Still another
unusual characteristic possessed by
chameleons is their independently mobile
eyes4 ,This is a strong advantage in
both hunting prey and spotting
predators4 ,Most enchantingly1 of
course1 chameleons can change the color
of their skin4
  ,You might think the only reason
chameleons change color is to elude
predators by blending in with their
surroundings1 but you would be wrong4
,The many purposes for their shifting
appearance are much more interesting and
include mating1 hunting1 social
interaction1 and defense4 ,While
chameleons can run very fast and usually
flee from predators successfully using
only their speed1 they still need to
hide1 sometimes using camouflage4
  ,This adaptation enables the animal to
regulate its body temperature and
display its mood1 signaling its
intentions to other chameleons4
,Changing to a darker color increases
the animal's body temperature1 while
taking on a lighter shade produces the
opposite effect4 ,Chameleons also darken
themselves in reaction to fear and
change into their brightest colors in a
display of excitement4 ,A red chameleon
is excited2 a green one is probably
calm4 ,Males change color more often1
and females do it to signal their
willingness to mate4 ,Chameleons can
exhibit a wide range of the color
spectrum1 allowing people who keep pet
chameleons1 some claim1 to easily read
their pet's mood4

  #a4 ,What can be inferred about
chameleon habitat requirements8
  7,A7 ,It requires plenty of fresh
water4
  7,B7 ,It requires a warm climate4
  7,C7 ,It requires a dry environment4
  7,D7 ,It requires cool temperatures4
  #b4 ,Which of the following chameleon
characteristics is ,,NOT commonly shared
with other bird1 owl1 or lizard species8
  7,A7 ,The ability to move their
tongues rapidly4
  7,B7 ,Toes that face different
directions4
  7,C7 ,Tails that can function like
hands4
  7,D7 ,Eyes that move independently4
  #c4 ,According to the reading1 what is
the chameleon's primary defense
mechanism8
  7,A7 ,Speed4
  7,B7 ,Combat4
  7,C7 ,Biting4
  7,D7 ,Camouflage4
  #d4 ,Which of the following 
color-changing purposes is used mainly
by the female8
  7,A7 ,To blend in with surroundings4
  7,B7 ,To control body temperature4
  7,C7 ,To communicate intention to
mate4
  7,D7 ,To reflect the animal's mood4
          33333333333333333333

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  d>1v"33 #a4 ,B #b4 ,D #c4 ,A #d4 ,C
          33333333333333333333
       
    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 chameleon n4 ot"e!"c&1
  #b4 captivating a4 m*1gu1d!a2e*'?`gu1
d!a
  t`33 captivate vt4 i:`a%1m*12e*'?`
  ,I think this is a very captivating
novel4
  3`k81d!aa!"i:"*'ou`ru`e*'?`gu1d!ae{`
i3'-
  ,The speaker captivated his audience
with stories about his trip to ,Brazil4
  n>"$"t`i3'a!`k.`i/"f>'o>'e*'a:'c|`d!a
k/"i:"i:`fy'a&"$1a:'a%1m*1-
  #c4 specialized a4 a}'mu1d!a;a}'+"d!a
  t`33 specialize vi4 a}'k&';a}'ky'|1
  specialize in''' a}'k&'""";a}'mu1j&1
i:""""
  ,The specialized tires on that car are
made to withstand all sorts of
conditions4
  n>"c."b!'ix"d!aa}'+"c=1fw'i:"$"c!ay"
q/"k!"a&`c/"l_"e3`a:"h%"-
  99 withstand vt4 k?"d!aj*`;d*`lx"
  ,Our organization specializes in
helping children from underprivileged
families4
  3`mu1h/`a:'a}'mu1ox'a/"g3"i:"k)'fy1d!a
rw1f&1-
  99 underprivileged a4 p?1l="d!a;g3"i:"
d!a
  #d4 dweller n4 k|'m?12k|'a/"a!`
  t`33 dwell vi4 k|'a/" 7ev'fw"$133
dwell1 dwelt1 dwelt47
  dwell in''' k|'a/"|1"""
  .k reside in'''
  #e4 grasp vt4 k?`a9';c*`k+`
  ,A man in black grasped ,Ben by the
arm1 telling him to stay out of his
business4
  *'my1r0'*'gu1a9'a/">'ov'd!ai(`o*"2{"
f>'o+1hw"k}`f>'d!ai:"-
  ,Pamela couldn't grasp what the essay
was about the first time she read it4
  pv'm*"c>'d*"*'j:"d/1a!"pt'=1ax'i:1o/"
c{`k+`j*1n0"g&1-
  #f4 extendable a4 l!`iu'bx1d!a
  t`33 an extendable ladder iu'e3'f*'
  #g4 adaptation n4 i:"y"{|`k+"j:1 to
oy"6"o;kw`ot'{|`k+"j:1 of oy"6"o
  ,This lizard's brown skin is an
adaptation to the desert4
  a!"a&`e*'*"d!ah&'e!"p*1q/'i:"$"c!ai:"
y"i>'m<"-
  ,The director is working on a film
adaptation of this short novel4
  kw'd%`t`az"hw"pw'i!"a!"o/"d}`pt'e{`i3'
kw`ot'd!adt"y`-
  #h4 characteristic n4 f!"az'2f!"e!"
  #i4 possess vt4 6`s`2b:1s`
  ,Neither of us possesses credit cards
because we prefer to pay in cash4
  3`mu1c.`gu1d('m01s`e?"6"l>`2?'$"3`mu1
o*`k{"e*`r}'6"et"k?'q/"jt1-
  #aj4 independently adv4 d/1c*"d*"
  ,You should educate your children to
think independently4
  n*`y'kw'k{"|"rw1h:ad/1c*"e:'l%`-
  #aa4 mobile a4 r31d&"d!a2*1d&"i:"d!a
  t`33 a mobile phone ey1d&"dt"r9"2i(`
k*'
  .k a cellular phone
  .k a cellphone
  #ab4 enchantingly adv4 cy"gu1a%1m*1d*"
  #ac4 surroundings n4 a('h%'r}1ky"{rz1
6"q/"i/"o
  #ad4 shifting a4 d3'ot"d!a;ot"d&"d!a
  t`33 shift vt4 a}`*12kw`ot" & n4 c=1
ov'
  shift one's attention from ,A to ,B
o>`a/"*"c*"j&1 ,A a}`d%" ,B
  work on the day/ night shift ix"ow1ft'
ov'/ ix"+"ov'
  ,What can ,I do to shift my son's
attention from computer games to his
studies8
  3`kw'hu`m!ah3"jw1nz1o>`3`:1h:ad!aa/"*"
c*"j&1dt"d&"}1k|"a}`*1d%"l!"+"ix"o
  ,I am working the night shift this
week4
  3`a!"ey'j*1c=1+"ov'-
  #ae4 regulate vt4 f{1k+1;l&"a:"2k}`c*`
  ,It's getting colder in here4 ,Please
regulate the temperature of the room4
  a!"c*`mt"|"cw1|"cz`c!a- m>1qv1f{1*'e)"
qx1c*`d!a='d/"-
  ,You should regulate the amount of
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  n*`y'kw'l&"a:"fx1qu"d!ai!"j|`c."-
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d!ae4"e*1/ e?"r%"
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city signaled the end of the workday4
  kv`a!a~`c*1d/'i:"d!ab!'cs1c."et`i:"a!a
k&'h3"g:"d!ak+1i/"-
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  ,Joseph turned to the right1 while
,Marvin turned the opposite way4
  j{1e!"q/'_`s"a}`2:1m>`=1h!1i:"a}`_`qv`
qx'e."-
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k&'nz1
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dx'"""a:'6"
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nz1
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center for the local baseball team4
  a!"kt'f*`|"k}`o0"dx'd*"d!aox"js1d$"6"
cw1dx"h3"e4"ct"a&'e?'-
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the body down when it's hot4
  f*`='k%'d!ai:1r("2rv"i$`s`k."='d!ah3"
6"-
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,They also have rapidly extendable
tongues to catch prey4
  a/"*"
  prey n4 c+"/"{k*1r!1my1j:12o/"l!`i/`o
  f&133 game n4
  t`33 fall prey to''' bz1$1"""d!ai("rw"
a!`/ e*'iz'a!`
  .k fall victim to'''
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to domestic violence4
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  ky'e~`i:"f*1
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conman4
  7,A7 staff 7,B7 dough
  7,C7 ham 7,D7 prey
  
  ,Grammar ,Tips ky'e~`i:"f*1d>1v"33 ,D
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  ? reptile n4 p>1b&1c0"d&"/"
  t`33 amphibian n4 c.`j*'c0"d&"/"
  mammal n4 o/`g/`d&"/"
  ? predator n4 c8"i:1a!`
  ? elude vt4 d3`o*"2f%1o*"
  ? camouflage n4 & vt4 $"a_';t`i:"
  ? temperature n4 ='d/"
  ? willingness n4 *"~"
  ? spectrum n4 k_'p/`;qv"$1
  ? requirement n4 e|'js12{'js1
  t`33 meet one's requirements r!1r/'m(`
gu1d!ae|'js1
  .k meet one's needs
  ? mechanism n4 k*'a:"
          33333333333333333333
      
    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 at will gu"*"d*";e$1e?'e3`|"d*"
  will n4 *"a:";*"~"
  ,Even though ,Beth is our boss1 she
can't just fire employees at will4
  ks"e}"o0"e:'i:"3`mu1c%`ov`2f>'+`o/"nz1
gu"*"lw'b/1~1k&'-
  ,Barry has an iron will and never
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j|'q/1-
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    8,For ,Your ,Information0
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and more parents like to post tons of
photos of their children on social
media4
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the funny stories she posted on her
blog4
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for ,Taiwan's young and trendy users4
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r/"d!a*'a&`iz'r31qx'i:"-
  99 trendy a4 i:1m%1d!a
  d4 ou`k|"*"l!`*"$133 ,A growing number
of parents are posting lots of pictures
of their kids online lately4
  #b4 d*":"f*1l!`*"$133 ,However1 some
children may feel embarrassed about
those photos after they grow up1 so
parents should be careful about which
ones they choose to upload4
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jy1d!a
  t`33 embarrassing a4 cy"gu1kv'k>"/
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groom in front of so many people4
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  99 bride n4 e?'n.1
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  ,It is embarrassing for parents to
forget to pick up their kids from
school4
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m/`kv'k>"d!ai:"-
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k?`iu"
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when it's dark out4
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  c4 upload vt4 ix"b}1{dx`v"o
  ,I upload my photos and update my blog
regularly4
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o/"c3"k!1-
  d4 ou`k|"*"l!`*"$133 ,Yet when they
get older1 a number of kids might be
ashamed of these images1 so parents
should exercise caution in deciding
which photos to share4

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drivers have the habit of chatting with
their customers1 but probably most
passengers would prefer to rest when
taking a taxi4
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  chat vi4 c{1ft'2et1fv1
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for two hours last night4
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during the bumpy flight4
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  c4 prefer to ,V k{"e.`{"/ pt'r%"
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  .k prefer to ,V instead of ,V-ing
  ,I prefer to work overtime on weekdays
rather than come in to the office on the
weekend4
  3`ny1~"py1g:"k)'ov'+`o/"~"a('m<"cw1ov"
k&'i:"ix"ov'-
  ,Carl prefers riding his bike to
taking the bus to school4
  l>`:`e*`r}'j*1h:"ey1b!':1o/"e*`r}'d>'
k&'b!'j|"ix"e81-
  ,Personally1 ,I prefer to read
magazines instead of watching ,,TV4
  3`k!"gu1o*`k{"e*`r}'8"d/1h>1a:":1o/"
e*`r}'lv"dt"i:"-
  d4 ou`k|"*"l!`*"$133 ,A few cab
drivers are accustomed to making
conversation with their passengers1 but
most people would rather rest while
being driven around4
  #b4 d*":"k|"l!`*"$133 ,A ,Japanese
taxi company has introduced a novel
service in which their drivers remain
silent during the whole ride1 aside from
some basic greetings4
  qv'*"{"dt`
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  ,That is a novel idea1 but ,I don't
know if it will work4
  n>"k!"dt`h:aru`e?'j*12o/"k3"3`o/"a:'
d%"f>'i:"q(`ey1d!af&'-
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responsible for the mistake4
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  c4 greeting n4 ="r(";a:"*"
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give a proper greeting4
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d!aqx'i:"="r("f>'-
  d4 ou`k|"*"l!`*"$133 ,A taxi company
in ,Japan started a new service where
drivers keep their mouth shut during the
entire ride1 except for some simple
greetings4
  #c4 d*"ev'k|"l!`*"$133 ,The company
said this service aims to provide
passengers with a comfortable
environment in the car4
  qv'*"{"dt`
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  ,That hotel aims to please the most
difficult customers4
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with various benefits4
  a!"kt'k&'e:'f*1k&'~1k&'k!"a&`q/1c*"-
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to the flood victims4
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a!`i:1/"k*1a/"e3`-
  c4 ou`k|"*"l!`*"$133 ,According to the
company1 they just want to give their
customers the most comfortable ride
possible4
          33333333333333333333
     
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rather than ,V7
  jv'l%`*"k|"
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about not making any mistakes4
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others rather than have my own picture
taken4
  {k_`o<"c%`i:'d!ao/`b&'k{"jw1i('c/"|1
r/"d&"k{"e81k_'d+1n0"2r3"jy`ix"bx1b='fz1
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#d 8" #f g:" e?'=1k*1k?`

      ,Toys ',R' ,Us ,Files for
,Bankruptcy
  ,The international chain of toy
stores1 ,Toys ',R' ,Us1 filed for
bankruptcy in ,September of last year
citing their ,,US 4#e billion debt4 ,The
company also owns and operates ,Babies
,8,R0' ,Us stores for parents of younger
children to buy age appropriate toys4
,Despite their financial woes1 the
estimated #a1fjj stores in ,North
,America1 ,Australia1 and ,Asia will
stay open for business as usual4 ,Dave
,Brandon1 the company's chairman and
chief executive1 released a statement
which stated1 8,Today marks the dawn of
a new era at ,Toys ',R' ,Us1 where we
expect that the financial constraints
that have held us back will be addressed
in a lasting and effective way40
,J,P,Morgan ,Chase1 along with other
banking and loan institutions1 has
pledged to help the company during their
bankruptcy adjustment period4
          33333333333333333333

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    8,Words to know0
  ? chain n4 ct1e3`dt"2ct1e3`ky'y1k*'k("
  ? debt n4 aw"/"
  t`33 be in debt q/"aw"2jt"aw"
  ? woe n4 l="ky"2hw'nv"{bx16"q/"i/"o
  ? chairman n4 d&`i:"ax`2a/`e*1
  ? statement n4 iz'my1;bu1i/"
  ? dawn n4 lw'd}';c*1my1
  ? era n4 nt1dw"2i:1dw"
  ? constraint n4 et"a:";8'i/"
  ? loan n4 dw"l}`2k+"dw"
  ? institution n4 k*'k("
  ? adjustment n4 f{1k+12f{1az`
  t`33 adjust vt4 & vi4 {i:`o f{1az`2i:"
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          33333333333333333333
      
    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 file for''' {e."q>`~"o iu'jy`"""
  ,Vivian bottled her feelings up until
the day she filed for divorce4
  $1$1v'*'a:1)'*"f>'d!ajy1e|"2a:1d%"f>'
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  ,As usual1 we stayed up late on
,Friday night4
  rv"_`bx1*'."23`mu1ey'j*1/`}`ix"%1+"d%"
ru`}`-
  #c4 hold sb back h/`w"m(`gu1
  ,Jennifer's lack of confidence was
holding her back from pursuing her
dreams4
  au'n*1q<1d!ah:"e?"e?'o/"h/1az"h/`w"a!a
h:"k*`j|"a$'js1mz"e.`-
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  f&133 make a pledge to ,V
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i:"t1
  ,I pledge to stand by you whenever
you're in trouble4
  3`o%`az"n*`s`l="nv1i:1*'dy"r$"fy`n*`-
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,For ,Your ,Information0
  }1k|"qv`d(`bz1i:"hw" #aidh nt1s1:"av"
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          gggggggggggggggggggg
          
      ,Vancouver ,Airport ,Hires
,Therapy ,Dogs to ,Comfort ,Travelers
      ='k!'r91k*'bx`k&'k}'j~` v'q/`c|`
l!"q0'ey1k{'c|"
  ,The second busiest airport in ,Canada
just recruited some adorable new
employees4 ,Dealing with security1
customs1 and crowds while you're
traveling can be stressful1 so what
could be better than a friendly pooch to
calm your nerves8 ,Vancouver
,International ,Airport1 in partnership
with local charity ,St4 ,John's
,Ambulance1 will make seven therapy dogs
available for passengers to cuddle with4
  ,Professional trainers are responsible
for keeping an eye on the dogs and
making sure that everything goes
smoothly4 ,There are rooms for the dogs
to relax and take a break between
periods of cuddling with passengers who
are arriving1 departing1 or just passing
through4 ,Results have been positive so
far1 but some experts are worried that
the service dogs might not be able to
handle the crowded and noisy atmosphere4
          33333333333333333333
      
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p?"c!a*'e+'l!`w"d!ae?'~1k&'- hw"c|`ey1
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r/"k*'k("r!1h3"d!a='k!'r91k31k*"k*'bx`v'
pw1c!aj*'a:'a:"c{1j~`$"c|`l!"f*1k&'6`
o%"-
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k!1i:1d}"2n>"c*`s`qx1kt'*`k&'k(`k(`qx"
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qu'-
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,Words to know0
  ? therapy n4 a:"c{12c{1q>`
  t`33 therapist n4 a:"c{1i:'
  ? security n4 o%`j~1j3"i:';v'j~1{kv`o
  ? customs n4 rw`k}'{rz16"q/"i/"o
  t`33 custom n4 qz'e/12e*1e/1
  ? pooch n4 k(`
  ? cuddle vi4 & vt4 6`o%"2*'$'
          33333333333333333333
       
    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 calm one's nerves i:`m(`gu1qx"e&'
e?'jy1
  t`33 calm down cz`ky"e)"cw1
  ,Helen took a deep breath to calm her
nerves4
  rw`c=1iu'e*'*'l(`j*"gx"h:"k*`qx"e&'-
  ,My mother grabbed me by the arm and
told me to calm down4
  3`m/`j?'a9'a/"3`d!ai(`2{"3`cz`ky"e)"
cw1-
  #b4 be/ work in partnership with'''
|`"""r!1h3"/ r!1r3`
  partnership n4 r!1h3"/ r!1r3`k}'e*"
  ,I have worked in partnership with
,Lydia for years1 and we've been getting
along very well4
  3`ku'c*"d*1)`r!1r3`k&"i:"d3'nt12*'a:1
b/`d!aru`r%`-
  #c4 keep an eye on''' m*"j+"a/"*"/
cs1*""""
  ,Would you mind keeping an eye on my
luggage while ,I go to the restroom8
  3`j|"e*`i(`kt'i:12n*`k+"*"ox'3`cs1*"*'
e)"ey1c*`m>ao
          33333333333333333333
     

  *'ov':1t12e?'c*`v'q/`j~` 7,,PSD1
psychiatric service dog7 i:"i/`|1f!"i/'
k&'h3"j~`d!a*'a&`2a:`s`s`e?'c*`ax"w"r3"
ky'iu1i:'bx1d!agu1jw1nz1iu'jy`j:`c0"f!"
i/'k&'h3"j~`2c*"g/1ky'iu1b_'ix'az"r("j41
r3"ky'iu1qu'c+"az"r}"a!`-
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d%`mx1j~`r3"d%`fy'j~`*'."s`c*"q>`o%`ax"
j*1k&'h3"d!aqx'i:"rv"e|'js12dv"e?'c*`v'
q/`j~`hw"d>'k*'i:12l!`*`rv"a/`gu1*'f&1
hw"l!"jx'd>'k*'2o/"o*"dw'hw"r3"jx'-
  o/"e."d>"k)'i/1a:'d!ad%`mx1j~`2e?'c*`
v'q/`j~`l!`*`i:"k!"c0"p?`a&`r3"f*`ey1d!a
k(`2d}'lv"r}"a!`d!ae|'js1:1dy"2k*1ot"i:"
e{`ey1j~`c0"+`l!`*`dv'gu"e?'c*`v'q/`j~`-
  {h:'c{"cw1~133k}'kt"py1c="_`o
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 bankruptcy n4 p<"bv`
  t`33 bankrupt a4 p<"bv`d!a
  go bankrupt p<"bv`{j:`b/" go o{`;-ot"
bz1-22e.'dx'|1 become a:'*"o
  #b4 cite vt4 k|`b/';?`6"
  t`33 cite/ quote sb as saying that'''
?`i/"m(`gu1i3'"""
  ,The newspaper cited ,Mr4 ,Chou as
saying that he didn't know how the money
got into his bank account4
  o%"a:`?`i/"a('et'iz'd!ar9"2i3'f>'o/"
a:'d%"jt1i:"hu`m!ak?"g/"h:"k*`d!a?1rx1
ax"r/"-
  #c4 operate vt4 y14";j%'h3"
  ,Linda has operated a travel agency
for over four years4
  c?1d>1ky'y1c|`ey1i!"*`ky'e:"nt1d3'c!a-
  #d4 appropriate a4 i:"dx"d!a2j)"dx"d!a
  qv`33 inappropriate a4 o/"j)"dx"d!a
  ,You should cleanse your face with the
appropriate facial wash4
  n*`y'kw'6"i:"r!1n*`d!ae*`mt"g/`e*`ct`-
  99 cleanse vt4 jy'e*`
  ,It is inappropriate to attend a
formal party in shorts4
  b}'d}`l/"j|"jv'k)'az"i:"t"r$"i:"o/"d!1
f*`d!a*'kt"i:"-
  #e4 mark vt4 o{'k*";jy"r!"
  ,Ted and ,Amy marked their wedding
anniversary by having a party with their
friends4
  fw"d!1rv"w"m*'{'jy`pz1s`lw'pw"d$"*`jy"
a/"f>'mu1d!ak+1r='a('nt1-
  99 anniversary n4 a('nt1k*"nt"{g:"o
  #f4 address vt4 i!"q>`k+`k812b/`c*`
  ,The government is trying to address
the problem of illiteracy in the
country4
  kw'az"q/`az"i!"q>`k+`k81j*1k31k)'d!a=1
mx1="f*1-
  99 illiteracy n4 =1mx12o/"i:"h:"
  #g4 effective a4 s`e{"d!a2j*`h3"6"d!a
  t`33 be effective in''' hw""""qx'mt"
i:"s`e{"d!a
  qv`33 ineffective a4 /1e{"d!a
  ,The doctor claims that the new drug
is effective in treating liver diseases4
  n>"$"*'iz'e~'bz'a!"a&`e?'{"d$"a:"c{1
kv'hx"k*1oy"ru`s`e{"-
  ,The small heater was ineffective in
the large room4
  a!"fw1e{`n}`j*"k*'hw"a!"d>"qx1kt'c*`
q>'r$'o/"c!ah3"6"-
  #h4 comfort vt4 v'$" & n4 i/'i:"{kv`o
  t`33 in/ from the comfort of sb's own
home hw"m(`gu1h:"k)'i/'i/'q/1q/1d*"
  ,We comforted ,Mrs4 ,Brown after her
only son was killed in a car accident4
  3`mu1hw"o/"cx`fw"fw"d!ad/1h:`hw"b!'r3"
a&'ex"iz'r("v'$"f>'-
  ,With a ,,DVD player1 you can watch
the movies in the comfort of your own
home4
  s`c!a ,,DVD o<"qx"j*"2n*`ks"l!`*`i/'
i/'q/1q/1d*"hw"h:"k*`k)'c*`lv"dt"y`-
  #i4 recruit vt4 a%'p?"2az'm/"
  ,The increasing crime rate underlines
the importance of recruiting more police
officers4
  qv"h$"c|"d!aiz'k%'f/1et`c!aaz'm/"kz"
d3'ky`~1d!aa&"{"ey"-
  99 underline vt4 f/1et`
  #aj4 stressful a4 b&'mv`)'c*"d!a2k?`
ax'd!a
  ,Debbie likes to bathe in a bubble
bath after a stressful day at the
office4
  dw"o*`e*`r}'hw"*'az`ft'b&'mv`)'c*"d!a
k&'h3"r("e*`k!"p%"p%"|"-
  #aa4 positive a4 az"mt"d!a;k*'k*1d!a
  qv`33 negative a4 q/"mt"d!a;e{'k*1d!a
  ,The mother instilled many positive
values in her children4
  a!"my1m/`j?'k}"i/'ru`d3'az"mt"d!ak)"
a:1k}'k0`rw1h:a-
  99 instill vt4 k}"i/'
  ,People with a negative attitude
towards jobs will not be happy at work4
  d$"k&'h3"o%"b:1e{'k*1fw"d/"d!agu1o/"
r$"c!"hw"j*1a&'-
  #ab4 atmosphere n4 j*"qu';d>"j*"jz1
  ,Candlelight1 champagne1 and music can
make for a romantic atmosphere on
,Valentine's ,Day4
  a/1k_',e.'o?'rv"?'8"l!`*`hw"jy1gu1k+1
y1h%"b/'cx"mv"d!aj*"qu'-
  99 make for''' h%"bz1"""2j/"bz1"""
  
gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#d 8" #g g:" 8"d/1j!"t"

      ,The ,Wild ,Hood--,Desert ,Lions
      +`7"r0'ox'"1i>'m<"i:'j41
      
  by ,Evan ,Witkowski
  ,Lions and antelope play a game of cat
and mouse in the desert plains of
,Africa4
  hw"q0'a('d!ai>'m<"py1~1ix"2i:'h:arv"
cy1.1}1a!am%'a3'c%`i/`d!as1e*"-

  ,Prides of lions roam the ,Nxai ,Pan
in northern ,Botswana1 a lush ,African
plain that reaches as far as the eye can
see4 ,Eventually1 the rainy season draws
to an end4 ,What was once a green
paradise full of lakes becomes the
largest saltpan desert in the world
during the dry season4 ,In ,National
,Geographic's ,The ,Wild ,Hood--,Desert
,Lions1 the natural order of wildlife is
on display amidst one of the harshest
terrains in ,Africa4
  ,This harrowing nature documentary
focuses on two male lions in charge of a
large pride that covers a vast
territory4 ,The pair of lions has been a
dominant force in the ,Nxai ,Pan for
nearly #aj years1 but as they get older
and the seasonal conditions become more
difficult and deadly1 the struggle of
life in the desert starts to catch up
with them4 ,Their only chance to survive
is by sticking together to hunt antelope
and gang up on any potential threats4
  ,Ferocious animal instincts and
physical prowess give lions the upper
hand when it comes to hunting prey1 but
they still need to work together if they
want to maintain dominance and earn the
loyalty of the female lions4 ,Life is
hard in the difficult dry season with
scarce water sources and relentless
heat4 ,Will a younger generation of
lions take over the top spot in the
pride and leave the older lions to fend
for themselves8 ,To find out1 tune in to
,The ,Wild ,Hood--,Desert ,Lions on
,National ,Geographic4 ,With cameras
rolling on the stunning action and
scenery1 see which animals come out on
top in the battle for supremacy of the
,Nxai ,Pan desert4
          33333333333333333333

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n>"ew"pv'mv"o/"2n>"i:"k!"*'_"/1k*",|"|"
j&'j&'d!aq0'a('py1~1- a&'|12|`k*"cw1d%"
$`iz'- a!"k!"jz1ky'o/"mv`r/1o<1,c|"*"x"
gv1d!ac!"~12hw"kv'k*"i:1bz1$1i:"k+"ix"
h$"d>"d!at1pv1i>'m<"- hw"k31k)'d*"c*`d!a
{+`7"r0'ox'"1i>'m<"i:'j41o a&'2+`iz'iz'
/"d!ad>"h:"gv1q>`h!1az"|1q0'a('h$"t1k4"
d!ad*"dw"a:'*'ix"t`-
  a!"o/"cy"gu1o/"v'd!ah:"gv1k*"c/"pt"k|"
k{'|1c.`f(1e61i:'2f>'mu1dw"cy`d!ai:'j41
ot"o/"hw"*'pt"k_`d>"d!acy`f/`- a!"d$"i:'
h:ak?"i:1nt1cw1*'a:1i:"n>"ew"pv'd!aa/`
hw`2dv"e$1a!ant1cy1hz'ax`2*`k*1kz"k)'kt'
k|"j+`a:"my"d!ak*"k+1f{1kt"2f>'mu1lw'i:`
ow`f3'o/"c{`|`i>'m<"iz'r31d!ad("az'- f>'
mu1$1*'d!aiz'j=1k*'r$"i:"f}1k+1r!1h3"*`
c+"o/`cy1.12oy"k&"f&1d$"q/"gu"r!1jt1hw"
d!a$'e+1-
  e6'mz`d!ad&"/"ou`nz1rv"s'*"d!af*`nz1
k0`c!ai:'h:ahw"i("c+"c+"/"i:1d!as'i:"2
dv"g3"e.`$1b:1f&`a:"d*"$"k*1y1d!1j:1i:'
d!aa&'bz12f>'mu1gz1e|'k&"f&1n/`c*"- hw"
i$`~1e*'i%`j+`k%'='b:1e|"d!akt'l="kv'k*"
iz'r31i:1qu'o/"*"- nt1jy'*'o0"d!ai:'h:a
i:"q(`r$"d31j|"i:'j41d!ah$"k%'d*"$"2gx"
c%`i:'h:ah:"iz'h:"m+"n!ao e.`c{`k+`au'
e."2k*"d!1i('lv"k31k)'d*"c*`d!a{+`7"r0'
ox'"1i>'m<"i:'j41o- e$1a!aky"f(1a}`d%"
ky'gu1d!ad&"h3"rv"bx`ky`2lv"lv"n>"e+'d&"
/"hw"az'd31n>"ew"pv'i>'m<"cy`d%`j~1d!a
av"d("a&'iz"b/'-
          33333333333333333333
    
    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 roam vt4 mv"o/"|12hw""""cw1r$1h(`
d&"
  ,Sam roamed the streets in search of
his lost kitten4
  iv'm/`hw"k+'d%"ix"cw1r$1h(`d&"2e41a%`
f>'h(`i:'d!ae{`m%'-
  #b4 amidst prep4 hw""""a:'a&'
  ,The new perfume was launched amidst a
fanfare of publicity4
  a!"l}`e?'e.'i$`hw"d>"ax'j*1k/`d!ae~'
b}1a:'a&'o0"f$'b/'-
  99 fanfare n4 d>"ax'j*1k/`2e~'n%"
  #c4 harsh a4 t1l/"d!a2!"c+"d!a;t1c*"
d!a
  ,I had no idea this plant would be
able to thrive under such harsh
conditions4
  3`o/"a:'d%"~1cw1a!"a&`a:1/"nz1hw"g/1
j:`!"c+"d!ar}1ky"e)"bz1ax`a31a_"-
  #d4 terrain n4 d*"dw";d*"ey12d*"i:"
  ,The eastern part of the island is
known for its rugged terrain and rocky
coastline4
  a!"h3"d%`d!ad&'o/"*`j*1j*1j|'o/"py1d!a
d*"ey1rv"d3't1i:1d!arw`v"a/"bz'-
  99 rugged a4 j*1j|'d!a
  coastline n4 rw`v"et"
  #e4 territory n4 cy`f/`2cy`d*"
  t`33 territorial a4 cy`f/`d!a
  ,The two countries are fighting over a
small piece of territory4
  a!"c.`k!"k31k)'az"hw"az'd31*'e{`l7"cy`
f/`-
  ,That country tried to claim
territorial rights over the island4
  kw'k31i:"f/1e~'i:"d$"a!"h3"d%`d!acy`
f/`a/`j~1-
  #f4 dominant a4 a/`d%`d!a;av"s'i:"d!a
  t`33 dominance n4 a:'p0"{d*"$"o;s'i:"
  ,Teamwork plays a dominant role in
achieving success4
  hw"r3"a:"bz1k&'qx'mt"2f}1d$"r!1h3"ov"
t`c!a*'k!"a&"{"d!ak{`e!"-
  ,The firm soon achieved complete
dominance in the marketplace4
  a!"k)'k&'e:'ru`l7"j|`d!1c!ahw"i:"bx`
ix"k81d$"d!aa:'p0"d*"$"-
  #g4 deadly a4 a:"my"d!a
  f&133 fatal a4
  ,Try to stay alert when you're
driving4 ,Dozing off can be deadly4
  lw'b!'i:1jy`o%`b:1ky`k81- d>`l!'i$"l!`
nz1r$"a:"my"-
  #h4 instinct n4 ou`nz12ft'ey"
  t`33 instinctive a4 ou`nz1d!a;a:1k81
d!a
  ,Birds do not learn to build nests1
but they build them using their
instincts4
  n{`c0"o/"6"e81e*1a/1b%12f>'mu1i:"*'a%"
ou`nz1j|"h3"d!a-
  ,The spinning of webs is instinctive
in spiders4
  k+1_`i:"a:'a/'d!aou`nz1-
  99 spin vt4 k+1{_`o2f/`{e:'o 7ev'fw"
$133 spin1 spun1 spun47
  #i4 prowess n4 k%'b%'d!aou`cy`2q0'qv1
d!anz1c*"
  ,Nicolas demonstrated his athletic
prowess by winning the decathlon4
  n*1l!`c>'e:'y1d!1i:1e."j~1nz12av`et"
b/'f>'k3"gu1d!a4"d&"jw1nz1-
  99 decathlon n4 i:1e."j~1nz14"d&"
  #aj4 prey n4 c+"/"{k*1r!1my1j:12o/"l!`
i/`o
  t`33 fall prey to''' bz1$1"""d!ai("
rw"a!`
  ,The weak baby zebra fell prey to the
jaws of the deadly lioness4
  e|'g3"d!aov'm>`o%`o%`c=1$1m/`i:'a:"my"
i:'l(`e)"d!ac+"/"-
  99 jaw n4 e)"!"
  #aa4 relentless a4 b:1e|"d!a2o/"kt"d}"
d!a
  ,In her relentless pursuit of success1
,Zoe didn't have time for a
relationship4
  hw"n/`c*"o/"e+"a$'js1bz1k&'d!ak3"bz1
a&'2g(1*'m01s`i:1kt'fv1ct"w"-
          33333333333333333333
    
    8,Words to know0
  ? hood n4 i!"j|';c?1k?"d*"j|'{$1
neighborhood a:'c8"o
  ? antelope n4 cy1.1
  ? pride n4 {i:'o j41
  t`33 a pride of lions *'j41i:'h:a
  ? lush a4 c|"*"x"gv1d!a;a:'+"m%"iz"d!a
  ? saltpan n4 t1pv1;t1ft1
  ? harrowing a4 cy"gu1o/"v'd!a;cy"gu1
f&"e?'d!a
  ? ferocious a4 e6'mz`d!a
  ? supremacy n4 h$"k%'d*"$";a:"k%'/1ix"
  t`33 supreme a4 a:"k%'/1ix"d!a
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 as far as the eye can see
  *'_"/1k*";b/"m/"e3`k*1
  ,The desert stretches as far as the
eye can see4
  i>'m<"t1iu'a:"i:"et"k?"f(1-
  #b4 catch up with''' a$'ix"/ kv`ix""""
  ,Andy studied hard every weekend to
catch up with his classmates4
  v'd*1$"c!akv`ix"j*1f>'f&1e812m0`k!"a('
m<"d('6"k&'d/1i/'-
  #c4 stick together r/"e.'q/1b:12f&1kv'
k&"l/`
  ,Tom and ,Jerry stuck together in the
war4
  fx'm/`|`k+1c*"hw"av"az'a&'f&1kv'k&"
l/`-
  #d4 gang up on''' k+1r3`d$"q/""""
  gang vi4 bz1j41k+1d$"
  ,The bullies ganged up on ,Jim and
took his lunch money4
  a!"e+'!"o>"k+1r3`o>"cy1k*1m/`2j.`h(`
c!af>'d!a/`jv'jt1-
  #e4 the upper hand s'i:"
  t`33 get/ gain/ have the upper hand
av"ix"qz'
  ,I got the upper hand in the final
chess match after ,I took my opponent's
queen4
  hw"e*'.1j*1d!ak81ew"a&'23`n>1e)"d$"i(`
d!ar_1r("r("ot"av"c!aix"qz'-
  99 opponent n4 d$"i(`2d*1i(`
  #f4 fend for oneself a%"c{"h:"k*`2h:"
m(1iz'k*"
  t`33 fend off''' o*"lw'/ dx`lw'"""
  ,Michelle learned to fend for herself
when she moved to ,California alone4
  m*"e8`:1d/1h:"ov'd%"k)'a('r("e81r$"a%"
c{"h:"k*`-
  ,The lone soldier fended off the
attacks of nine men4
  n>"my1i:"oy'a:'iu'd*`dx`ks`my1nv1h:`
d!ak&'k*1-
  #g4 come out on top r3"iz"2f3'y`:1b/'
  ,The soccer coach is sure that his
team will come out on top4
  n>"$"h/1js1k{"ct"gu"$1f>'d!ad$"/`*'dy"
r$"iz"b/'-
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,For ,Your ,Information0
  i:'h:a|`d3'i/"m%'l!'d&"/"o/"f&12f>'mu1
k3"a!akz"c0"e:"j~`l!'d&"/"d!aj41f*`iz'
r31- *'k!"i:'j41a/`{"s1o*`j:`a:'kt's`j?'
~1k}'e*"d!aj:1i:'rv"i%`i/"e61i:'h/`bz1-
d*"ey1|`c+"/"d!ad3'k9`k81dy"i:'j41d!ad>"
e{`2l!`nz1s1ev'a:"/`i:1a:'d!ai:'h:ah/`
bz12j*1a&'f&'bx1a:`r$"s`*'a:'bz1nt1e61
i:'2b/1q0'hw"f{`av"i:'j41d!aix"*'gu"i(`
cy`e61i:'i:1i:"c.`a:'*`ix"*'j*`2jw1r$"s`
c.`a:'*`ix"d!abz1nt1e61i:'2dv"a!"."d!av"
c*"k*1i%`;$"bz1nt1d!ae61i:'*'ov'hw"i:'
j41a&'dw"ev'nt12k*1b/'iz'r("a:"jy'nt1k+'
d}"2bz1$1jy'nt1r("ks"r$"o0"a/1b/'i:'j41
*`qx1k3"d/"k?"j?'k{'p0"- j:1i:'h!1r$"cs1
hw"h/1j41c*`-
  i:'j41a&'*'ov's1j:1i:'c+"j|`i:1/"2e61
i:'a:`hw"f>'mu1nt1jy',h&'m%1ix"$"}1j~1
bz1i/1i:1i("c+"2?'$"iu'e!"d!ah&'m%1i:`
f>'mu1k{"g&1*"o0"c+"/"b>1k812j&1:1k."d*'
i("c+"d!abz1k&'c|"- gv1:12g3"{"o/`a3'f*`
ey1k|"d>"d!ac+"/"i:12c*"c."k{"j.1d!ae61
i:'+`r$"rv"j:1i:'*'j*`d>`c+"- e61i:'e$'
gv1o/"bx1i("c+"2dv"f>'mu1f&'bx1kt'q/"o%`
r/"i:'j41d!aa&"h!1d>"gu"- e61i:'r$"d$"
lx"j*1f>'d!ac8"i:1a!`2g/1o%",ov'c+"k(`2
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d!ad*"$"-
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gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#d 8" #i g:" =1*"e~`ft1

      ,A ,Forgettable ,Face
      *'iz'a&'k*"o/"a/"*'ax'ct`
      
  by ,Bruce ,E4 ,Bagnell
  ,Those afflicted with face blindness
are often unable to recognize even their
own family members4
  ct`mx1az"r}"a!`bx1bx1ct1h:"k*`d!ak)'
fy1bz1~1d('gu"o/"b/'cw1-

  ,What do ,Jane ,Goodall and ,Brad
,Pitt have in common8 ,No1 this isn't
the set-up for a bad joke4 ,They both
have varying degrees of prosopagnosia1
colloquially referred to 7#a---7 face
blindness4 ,The word prosopagnosia is
derived from the ,Greek words for face
and 7#b---74 ,This 7#c---7 disorder
results in the inability of sufferers to
distinguish people by their faces and
affects about #b`0 of the ,,US
population4 ,Recent studies have
revealed 7#d---7 more about
prosopagnosia and about how the brain
interprets visual information4
  ,Many people 7#e---7 that they have
some trouble remembering faces1 but
patients with extreme face blindness
cannot recognize members of their own
family or even themselves4 ,Medical
professionals have 7#f---7 two types of
the condition4 ,For some1 it is acquired
suddenly due to a stroke or traumatic
brain injury4 ,Others have the
congenital type and are born with the
disorder4 ,The latter condition is known
to have affected members of the same
family2 thus1 physicians suspect a
genetic 7#g---74
  ,Though special training courses that
aimed to help people recognize faces
have been conducted on volunteer
subjects with prosopagnosia1 results
have been less than satisfactory4 ,Only
minor improvements were noted despite
weeks of training1 so no known cure is
7#h---7 available4 ,On the other hand1
those afflicted with face blindness have
taught themselves 7#i---7 to overcome
their visual and social deficit4 ,Most
focus on non-facial identifiers of
others1 such as their voices1
hairstyles1 and clothing4 ,Also1 just
knowing that they are not alone gives
many patients the encouragement to
7#aj---7 their condition4 ,Prosopagnosia
does not have to be the end of a full
and productive life4 ,Just ask ,Goodall
and ,Pitt4

  7,A7 admit 7,B7 handle
  7,C7 source 7,D7 as
  7,E7 reluctantly 7,F7 discovered
  7,G7 uncommon 7,H7 for
  7,I7 ignorance 7,J7 currently
  7,K7 strategies 7,L7 much
          33333333333333333333

  au'-k/`d!1rv"o/"cw1d!1-o*`f!"a:'kt's`
iu1m!ak&"f&'dt`o o/"2a!"l!`o/"i:"$1*'h!1
cz`e{"r9"p/'kz`- f>'mu1d('c*1r}"o/"f&1
bz1d/"d!amt"o/"ot"i:"nz1c*"j8'q>1az"2e/1
bz'ct`mx1az"- prosopagnosia *'j:1~1h:"|1
e*'c>"=1j:1|`a&'d!act`o/"|`/1a:'- a!"a&`
rv`kt"k*1oy"d%`a:"r}"a!`/1q>`gu"b/'gu1
mu1d!act`2m0`k318' #b`0 d!agu1l(`c*1r}"
j:`oy"- k?"j*1t1ks"k+'c/"kz"d3'k}'|1ct`
mx1az"d!ah:'e4"2*`k*1d>"n%`g/1r!1bv`i:"
i:"k81e4"e*1-
  e|`d3'gu1bz1gu"f>'mu1nv1*`k*"a/"mt"
l&`2dv"c*1r}"k*1d/"ct`mx1az"d!ar}"a!`j8"
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  d>1v"33 #a4 ,D #b4 ,I #c4 ,G #d4 ,L
#e4 ,A #f4 ,F #g4 ,C #h4 ,J #i4 ,K #aj4
,B
          33333333333333333333
     
    &~1cw1g/1j:`y 
  #a4 ,They both have varying degrees of
prosopagnosia1 colloquially referred to
as face blindness4
  f>'mu1d('c*1r}"o/"f&1bz1d/"d!amt"o/"
ot"i:"nz1c*"j8'q>1az"2e/1bz'ct`mx1az"-
  c*`s133
  a4 ou`f*1j!"i:"*`e)"k/"dy"6"q>`33
  ,A be referred to as ,B ,A o0"bz'$1 ,B
  refer vt4 & vi4 {o>`"""o bz'$1
  ,New ,York ,City is often referred to
as the ,Big ,Apple4
  ns`8'i:"bx1o0"bz'$1d>"py1k3`-
  b4 ku'k|"ix"i/"2 7,D7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  #b4 ,The word prosopagnosia is derived
from the ,Greek words for face and
ignorance4 prosopagnosia *'j:1~1h:"|1e*'
c>"=1j:1|`a&'d!act`o/"|`/1a:'-
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1s`my1j:1 face {ct`o/"o k*1
d$"dz`ct1k+'j:1 and1 d!1a:'l&"k!1y'a:"
my1j:1*`rv" face ey1bz1d$"dz`-
  b4 e~`e."a&'$1my1j:1d!as` 7,B7 handle
{o>`i(`o, 7,C7 source {cw1~1o, 7,I7
ignorance {/1a:'o k*1 7,K7 strategies
{j!"c8"o2$1ku'k|"|`*"2 7,I7 e."y'$1az"
e~`-
  c4 ignorance n4 /1a:';|1m0"
  ,Due to ,Matt's ignorance1 the company
lost a lot of money4
  s1|1mw"f!"d!a/1a:'2k&'e:'l$'e=`c!aru`
d3'jt1-
  #c4 ,This uncommon disorder results in
the inability of sufferers to
distinguish people by their faces and
affects about #b`0 of the ,,US
population4
  a!"a&`rv`kt"k*1oy"d%`a:"r}"a!`/1q>`gu"
b/'gu1mu1d!act`2m0`k318' #b`0 d!agu1l(`
c*1r}"j:`oy"-
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1s`a:`i:"ey1g&1j:1 ,This1
l&"k!1r("s`my1j:1 disorder {k*1oy"o2d!1
a:'l&"k!1y'a:"ey1g&1j:1*`es'i:"
disorder4
  b4 e~`e."a&'$1ey1g&1j:1d!as` 7,G7
uncommon {rv`kt"d!ao k*1 7,L7 much {ru`
d3'd!ao2$1ku'k|"|`*"2 7,G7 e."y'$1az"
e~`-
  c4 uncommon a4 o/"e41bx1d!a
  ,It is not uncommon for women to
pursue their own careers after getting
married4
  n|`gu1k+1r='r("a$'js1h:"k*`d!ai:"+"i:"
e:'l&'kt"k}"d!ai:"-
  #d4 ,Recent studies have revealed much
more about prosopagnosia and about
how the brain interprets visual
information4
  k?"j*1t1ks"k+'c/"kz"d3'k}'|1ct`mx1az"
d!ah:'e4"2*`k*1d>"n%`g/1r!1bv`i:"i:"k81
e4"e*1-
  c*`s133
  a4 ou`f*1j!"i:"l!`6"cw1es'i:"o*`k{"k*1
ey1g&1j:1r3"q/"j:1d!aes'i:"|`2k&"k*"s`
e)"c+"cs"k!"33
  far1 much1 even1 still1 a lot1 a great
deal4
  ,Kevin's idea is much better than
mine4
  lw`=1d!adt`h:ao*`3`d!ar%`fw"d3'c!a-
  b4 ku'k|"ix"i/"2 7,L7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  #e4 ,Many people admit that they have
some trouble remembering faces'''
  e|`d3'gu1bz1gu"f>'mu1nv1*`k*"a/"mt"
l&`"""
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1s`a/`j:1 ,Many people {e|`
d3'gu1o2l&"k!1r("s` that e3`?`d%`d!amy1
j:1h:`k|"2d!1a:'l&"k!1y'a:"k*1/"d&"j:1
r3"pt"|`d&"j:1-
  b4 e~`e."a&'q/1r!1ix"i/"d!as` 7,A7
admit {bz1gu"o, 7,B7 handle {y"q/"o,
7,C7 source {r3"d!1o k*1 7,F7 discovered
{q>'et"o2$1ku'k|"|`*"2 7,A7 e."y'$1az"
e~`-
  c4 admit vt4 & vi4 bz1gu"
  ,All ,Sandy has to do is admit that
she was wrong and apologize4
  iv'd*"e3`o*"e|'h3"d!aks"i:"bz1gu"f>'
j3"c!a2gv1r("d%"jt"-
  #f4 ,Medical professionals have
discovered two types of the condition4
  *'c{1a}'k)'*`ky'q>'et"j:`az"a_"s`c.`
a&`c0"ey1-
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1s`o{`et"hw"}1bz1i:"d!aa/"
d&"j:1 have1 l&"k!1r("s`my1j:1j:1h/` two
types of the condition {c.`a&`c0"ey1d!a
az"a_"o2d!1a:'l&"k!1y'a:"k3"j|"qu'j:1ey1
d!ak*1/"d&"j:1r3"pt"|`d&"j:1-
  b4 e~`e."a&'q/1r!1ix"i/"d!ak?`s` 7,F7
discovered {q>'et"o2a:"g/"r("*"q/1r!1|`
*"2k/"$1az"e~`-
  c4 discover vt4 q>'et"
  ,The artifacts that were recently
discovered here date back to the early
#aith century4
  h$"k?"hw"j:`b/"9'k81b/'d!ai(`k&'*"p?`
l!`a$'e/"a:"i:1ks`i:"k*"b/'-
  #g4 ,The latter condition is known to
have affected members of the same
family2 thus1 physicians suspect a
genetic source4
  *`a:'r("a!`jz1y`e.`f&1*'k)'fy1d!abz1
~1;?'j:`2*'i:'r71*1k*'?'i:"j*1cw1~1-
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1s`o/"dy"k}"j:1 a k*1ey1g&1
j:1 genetic {k*'?'d!ao2d!1a:'l&"k!1y'a:"
dv'i/"l!`i/`my1j:1*`o0" genetic es'i:"-
  b4 e~`e."a&'q/1r!1ix"i/"d!as` 7,B7
handle {o>`i(`o k*1 7,C7 source {cw1~1o2
$1ku'k|"|`*"2 7,C7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  c4 source n4 cw1~12~1f(1
  ,The reporter always gets his
information from reliable sources4
  n>"my1k*"a!`d('i:"ky's1l!`l%"cw1~1j|`
d!1e{'e*1-
  99 reliable a4 l!`l%"d!a
  #h4 ,Only minor improvements were
noted despite weeks of training1 so no
known cure is currently available4
  k?`k}`c*"ky'i/"ey'j*1d!ae4"ct"2j8"a:`
q>'et"e+'$1k?"o/"2?'j:`m/"jt1ix"/1*`a:'
c{1q>`-
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1s` be d&"j:1 is1 l&"k!1r("
s`ey1g&1j:1 available {l!`6"d!ao2d!1a:'
l&"k!1y'a:"q/"j:1*`es'i:" available4
  b4 e~`e."a&'$1q/"j:1d!aix"s` 7,E7
reluctantly {o/"jy1~"d*"o k*1 7,J7
currently {m/"jt1d*"o2$1ku'k|"|`*"2 7,J7
e."y'$1az"e~`-
  c4 currently adv4 m/"jt12et"k?'
  ,There are numerous foreign students
currently studying in ,Taiwan4
  et"k?'s`ru`d3'7"k31e81iz'hw"fw1}'js1
e81-
  #i4 ,On the other hand1 those
afflicted with face blindness have
taught themselves strategies to overcome
their visual and social deficit4
  cy"*'qx'mt"2n>"e+'ct`mx1az"r}"a!`*'a:1
*`cw1d('hw"k{'d%`h:"k*`l!"q/1ou`iu'i:"
k81|`i!"k{'j8'et"d!aj!"c8"-
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1s`k*1/"d&"j:1 taught rv"
l!`h3"i("j:1d!aqv`iu'dw"my1j:1
themselves1 l&"k!1r("s`o/"dy"j:1pt"|` to
overcome {l!"q/1o2d!1a:'l&"k!1y'a:"my1
j:1-
  b4 e~`e."a&'$1my1j:1d!aix"s` 7,B7
handle {o>`i(`o k*1 7,K7 strategies {j!"
c8"o2$1ku'k|"|`*"2 7,K7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  c4 strategy n4 j!"c8";av"c8"
  ,Ted increased his efficiency by #bj`0
after he adopted a new strategy4
  jw`6"e?'d!aj!"c8"r("2fw"d!1d!ae{"c|"
hz'k)'c!a #bj`04
  #aj4 ,Also1 just knowing that they are
not alone gives many patients the
encouragement to handle their condition4
  j:`7"2k_'i:"a:'d%"h:"k*`oy"o/"k/'dv'
ks"nz1dw"k0`e|`d3'r}"a!`k/`c*"*`y"q/"f>'
mu1d!ajy1l_"-
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1s`?`d%`o/"dy"j:1pt"|`d!a
to1 l&"k!1r("s`my1j:1j:1h/` their
condition {f>'mu1d!ajy1l_"o2d!1a:'l&"k!1
y'a:"~1ey1k*1/"d&"j:1r3"pt"|`d&"j:1-
  b4 e~`e."a&'q/1r!1ix"i/"d!ak?`iz" 7,B7
handle {y"q/"o2a:"g/"r("*"q/1r!1|`*"2k/"
$1az"e~`-
  c4 handle vt4 y"q/";b/`c*`
  ,I will take over the project if you
don't think you can handle it4
  g3"n*`k81d!ah:"k*`/1q>`y"q/"23`r$"k+'
i(`a!"e."a}'v"-
          33333333333333333333
      
    8,Words to know0
  ? set-up n4 v'pw1;kt"c*"
  ? prosopagnosia n4
  mt"o/"ot"i:"nz1c*"j8'q>1az"{kt`bz'ct`
mx1az"o
  ? colloquially adv4 l(`|`d*"
  t`33 colloquial a4 l(`|`d!a
  ? stroke n4 a&"qz'
  t`33 heatstroke n4 a&"i/`
  ? traumatic a4 f&"l/`nv"_"d!a;h%"bz1
b_'ix'd!a
  ? congenital a4 et'ft'd!a
  ? physician n4 {n0"l!'o *'i:'
  ? subject n4 i:1t"d$"e."
  ? minor a4 k{"i%`d!a2k{"e{`d!a
  qv`33 major a4 k{"d>"/ a&"{"d!a;a/`{"
d!a
  ? deficit n4 j8'et";b:"h:"
  ? identifier n4 i:"o+1/"
  t`33 identify vt4 gu"b/'2ot"i:"
          33333333333333333333
    
    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 be afflicted with''' $""""e3`l/`2
i(""""a!1m<1
  afflict vt4 i:`f&"l/`;a!1m<1
  ,Ray has been afflicted with the
disease since he was five years old4
  e{`c01h:"/`e$"j*`ks"o%`i("a!"a&`k*1oy"
e3`l/`-
  #b4 have''' in common s`"""k&"f&'dt`
  ,As far as hobbies are concerned1
,Helen has nothing in common with her
boyfriend4
  ks"i:"r%":1t12rw`c=1rv"f>'nv1s`m01s`
gu"r!1k&"f&'dt`-
  #c4 be derived from''' cw1h:"/ j*`~1
|1"""
  derive vt4 j|`d!1;i:`~1h:"|1
  ,The girl's name is derived from the
,Egyptian word for beauty4
  a!"k!"n|`rw1d!amy1h:"~1h:"|1w'k*1=12*"
e:'i:"m0`c*"-
  #d4 aim to ,V a:`hw""""2*`"""$1m/"d*"
  f&133 be aimed at ,V-ing
  ,Peggy aims to win the ,English speech
contest4
  p0"j*1d!am/"o{'hw"|1y1d!1y'|`t`k.`o*`
ew"-
  ,The project is aimed at helping women
start up their own businesses4
  a!"e."k*"r9"a:`hw"ox'a/"n|`ey"b_"+"-
          33333333333333333333
    
    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 recognize vt4 gu"b/';gu"dy"
  t`33 recognizable a4 l!`ot"gu"d!a2gu"
d!1b/'d!a
  ,I didn't recognize that it was you on
the phone1 because your voice sounded a
lot like your sister's4
  3`hw"dt"r9"ix"m01fy'b/'i:"n*`2?'$"n*`
mu1c.`k+`m0"d!aiz'?'i:1hw"fw"e."c!a-
  ,After the plastic surgery1 ,Judy was
hardly recognizable4
  a/'d*"h3"c!aaz`ey1i(`i/"r("2k*'r/'ru`
nv1o0"gu"b/'cw1-
  #b4 distinguish vt4 qu'o+1;ot"o+1
  t`33 distinguish ,A from ,B j|'qu' ,A
|` ,B
  ,Nick is partially color-blind1 so he
has a hard time distinguishing red from
green4
  n*1l!"i:"ov"e!"mx12e3`*`f>'ru`nv1qu'
ot"r&1e!"rv"c|"e!"-
  99 partially adv4 o/"qu"d*"
  #c4 affect vt4 {k*1oy"dz`o j?'e*1;y`
e.`
  ,Mia's lack of sleep affected her
performance during the test4
  m*`)"i$"mt1o/"h/12y`e.`f>'hw"l%`i:"a&'
d!ao{`et"-
  #d4 reveal vt4 k+'c/";k+'i:"
  t`33 reveal sth to sb e+"c/"m(`i:"k0`
m(`gu1
  ,Did you reveal the secret to ,Susie
last night8
  n*`h31}`o>`m*"m*"e+"c/"k0`e/'e*'c!a
m>ao
  #e4 interpret vt4 k+`i:"2i3'my1
  ,My psychiatrist tries to interpret my
dreams4
  3`d!aky'iu1l!'*'iz'i:"f/1ox'3`k+`mz"-
  99 psychiatrist n4 ky'iu1l!'*'i:'
  #f4 condition n4 k*1oy";jy1l_";f{1kt"
  ,Gail awaited a call from the vet
regarding the condition of her cat4
  kw":1dz`a!ai("*'d>`dt"r9"k%"a:'f>'m%'
m*'d!ajy1l_"-
  #g4 acquired a4 r("ft'{.`bz1o d!a
  ,Jim knows that homosexuality is an
inborn trait instead of an acquired
tendency4
  k*1m/`a:'d%"f&1ey"ct"i:"ft'iz':1q0'r("
ft'.`bz1d!ajy'e."-
  99 homosexuality n4 f&1ey"ct"
  inborn a4 ft'iz'd!a
  #h4 conduct vt4 a:1ey12k?"ey1
  t`33 conduct a survey k?"ey1*'e."="k~"
d{"b>1
  ,Tom conducted a survey about the
cafeteria food at his school4
  fx'm/`au'd$"e81e{"h:"a/"jv'k?"ey1c!a*'
e."="k~"d{"b>1-
  #i4 satisfactory a4 cy"gu1mv`*"d!a
  qv`33 unsatisfactory a4 cy"gu1o/"mv`
d!a;o/"q/1r!1{'js1d!a
  ,The boss couldn't get a satisfactory
explanation for what occurred4
  c%`ov`d$"|1e3`q>'iz'd!ai:"/1q>`d!1d%"
mv`*"d!ak+`i:"-
  ,The official found the sanitation in
the meat processing plant to be
unsatisfactory4
  kw'k}'~1q>'et"n>"k)'g("p?`k)'k&'bx`d!a
$"iz'f{1kt"oy"o/"r!1k!1-
  99 sanitation n4 k&'k&"$"iz'2r}1ky"$"
iz'
  #aj4 note vt4 a/"*"d%";f*1d%"
  ,The professor noted the importance of
environmental protection in his lecture4
  k{"i("hw"i("l!"a&'f*1d%"r}1o%`d!aa&"{"
ey"-
  #aa4 productive a4 d3'bv`d!a
  ,Jack nurtured his children to become
productive members of society4
  k+1l!"k.'e{`rw1p01|"bz1d$"i!"r$"s`k&"
et"d!agu1-
  99 nurture vt4 p01|";.`|"
    
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      ,Power ,Outage
      fy1dt"d!aky't"
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k!"dv'j:1 7words7 d!a=1ax'cw1i3'my1n*`|"
d%"fy1dt"d!aky't"- =1qu'c.`d}"2d*"*'d}"
i3'my1fy1dt"q>'iz'i:1d!ajy1l_"2d*":"d}"
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k*'nz1ot"d!ag:"*"ot"c*"2i:`3`mu18"cw18"
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f*',ix"ov'6"d!adt"n%`2r3"i:"a/`qv"6"d!a
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c{`f>'mu12:1py1bx1s`dt"i:`6"i:1d>"k)'+`
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bz1ix'_1- cy"*'qx'mt"2hw"fy1dt"d!ai:1
r("2s1|1i%`c!ae|`d3'i:"jy1l!`*`h3"2+`i:"
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l!`p>"d!ao/"qu"i:12dt"ks"r$1cw1c!a-

  c*"6" #a,W+ #a,H 7,What+ ,How7
  d*"*'d}" ,What were you doing at that
time and how did you feel8
  d*":"d}" ,What did you do to deal with
it or how did you kill time after it
happened8
  k+1c="k|" ,I was disappointed because
it ruined my brother's story4

  d*"*'d}"33 ,There was a power outage
last weekend in the area where ,I live4
  a4 ,When my brother and ,I were
playing an exciting video game1 the
apartment suddenly went completely dark4
  b4 ,I was very disappointed because
the power outage interrupted our
exciting game4
  d*":"d}"33 ,We got candles out and lit
them so that we could see each other4
  a4 ,Then my brother had a great idea4
,He got ready to tell me a ghost story4
  b4 ,Just as he was getting to the
scariest part of his story1 the lights
came back on6
  k+1c="k|"33 ,I was again disappointed
because it ruined my brother's story4
          33333333333333333333
     
    &qv"=1y
  ,There was a power outage last weekend
in the area where ,I live4 ,My brother
and ,I were playing an exciting video
game4 ,All of a sudden1 the apartment
went completely dark1 and everything was
completely silent4 ,The sound from the
,,TV and the hum of the air-conditioner
stopped4 ,My brother let out a cry of
surprise when the lights went out1 but
he wasn't scared4 ,I wasn't scared1
either4 ,However1 ,I was disappointed
because the power outage occurred right
at an important moment in the game4
  ,We got candles out and lit them so
that we could see each other4 ,Then my
brother had a great idea4 ,He got ready
to tell me a ghost story4 ,It was scary
to hear my brother tell his spooky story
by candlelight4 ,Just as my brother was
getting to the scariest part of his
story1 the lights came back on6 ,I was
again disappointed because it ruined my
brother's story4

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          33333333333333333333
     
    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,We got candles out and lit them so
that we could see each other4
  a/"*"
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order that e3`?`d%`d!aq/"j:1h:`k|"a&'2
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h!1o/"l!`iz`c8"-
  ,Lee bought a newspaper so 7that7 he
could see what time the movie is playing
tonight4
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dt"y`qx"y"d!ai:1kt'-
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order that you remember to bring my
coat4
  3`r$"b}1k!"kt`e4"k0`n*`2*`ot"n*`k*"d!a
dw"3`d!a7"f%"-
          33333333333333333333
    
    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 outage n4 {i$`,dt"dz`d!ao a&'d}"
k&'y"
  t`33 power outage fy1dt"
  ,The typhoon fiercely hit the island1
causing power outages in mountain
villages4
  fw1qz'mz`c+"d*"j?'e*1a!"h3"d%`|`2h%"
bz1iv'a&'j='c3"d!adt"c*"a&'d}"-
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  ,James completely forgot about the
meeting this morning4
  av'm/`i:"}1j~1_"c!ak?'ft'h%`ix"{"lw'
r$"-
  #c4 silent a4 v'ky"d!a;bu1m<"d!a
  t`33 keep silent o%`b:1bu1m<"
  ,The police asked several questions1
but the suspect kept silent until his
lawyer arrived4
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hw"c|"i:'d*`d>1jt1d('o%`b:1bu1m<"-
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  #d4 disappointed a4 i:'_"d!a
  t`33 disappoint vt4 i:`i:'_"
  ,Amy was quite disappointed at the
results of the election4
  w"m*'d$"e~`k|`d!ak+1k3`kv`d%"e.'dx'i:'
_"-
  ,You disappointed your parents when
you dropped out of school4
  n*`es'e81gx"n*`q/"m/`kv`d%"ru`i:'_"-
  99 drop out of school es'e812b3"e81
  #e4 occur vi4 q>'iz'
  ,The riots occurring in ,London caused
a lot of deaths4
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ix'_1-
  99 riot n4 o%"d&"
  #f4 light vt4 dt`gv1;dt`c." 7ev'fw"
$133 light1 lit1 lit47
  ,Jeff lit the candles on the table
before sitting down to have a dinner
with his wife4
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}`jv'a:'jt12et'dt`gv1c!aa3'ix"d!ac>"a/1-
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  ,Sam's poor test scores ruined his
chances of getting into a good college4
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k?"g/"r%`d>"e81d!ak*'r$"-
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  hw"n>"bx`r3`hw'a:'r("2az`d&"ov"k&'d>"
c(1ey1f&1q0"e|'-
          33333333333333333333
      
    8,Words to know0
  ? apartment n4 k&'|"
  ? hum n4 &'&'iz' & vt4 & vi4 rz'bx"
  t`33 buzz vi4 {m*"qz'o &'&'k{"
  ? spooky a4 cy"gu1m%1k/`e&`gv1d!a
  f&133 creepy a4
          33333333333333333333
       
    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 all of a sudden f/1gv1d*"
  f&133 suddenly adv4
  ,All of a sudden1 the lights in my
room went out4
  f/1gv1kt'23`qx1kt'c*`d!adz'k_'e*1m+"
c!a-
  99 go out {dz'r3"r3`o e*1m+"
  ,David was walking down the street
when a man suddenly attacked him from
behind4
  d>"$"h(`hw"c/"ix"i:12f/1gv1s`my1nv1h:`
j&1o0"r("k&'k*1f>'-
  #b4 let out''' q>'b/'{iz'?'o
  ,Andrea let out a scream when she saw
the muddy dog jump on her white sofa4
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f{"ix"ow1e!"i>'q>'i:12ot"d>"iz'kt'k{"-
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          33333333333333333333
       
    &k?"k+'qv"=1y
  ,Power outages can be annoying1 but
sometimes they may also be kind of fun
as well4 ,That's exactly how ,I felt
during a blackout last weekend when my
brother and ,I were playing an
exhilarating video game in the living
room4 ,At the most exciting moment1 our
entire apartment was suddenly shrouded
in darkness4 ,It was so silent that you
could hear a pin drop4 ,Of course1 both
my brother and ,I were upset that our
thrilling game was interrupted1 but we
weren't scared in the slightest4
  ,That was all about to change1 though4
,We placed a few candles that we had in
our cupboards around the living room and
lit them4 ,As we were contemplating what
to do in their eerie glow1 my brother
came up with a brilliant idea4 ,He
prepared to tell me a ghost story4 ,It
turned out to be the scariest one ,I had
ever heard--it gave me goosebumps4 ,Just
as he was reaching the end1 however1 the
power came back on1 bathing us in bright
light and destroying the scary
atmosphere my brother had so skillfully
created4 ,What a disappointment6
,Sometimes1 a loss becomes a win--and
sometimes an unexpected win brings
another loss4

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gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#d 8" #aa g:" 8"d/1j!"t"

      ,The ,Beatles' ,Iconic ,Abbey
,Road ,Cover
      h(`k3"p*'f(1e:"d!ak_'r$'e$"8"
  8record0 d!a6"q>`
  
  by ,Evan ,Witkowski
  ,How an album cover became a cultural
phenomenon4
  *'ax'a}'k*1qz'mt"i:"g/1r!1bz1$1*'k/`=1
r9"et"e."d!a-

  ,The last album recorded by the
legendary ,British group known as ,The
,Beatles is entitled ,Abbey ,Road1 after
the address of the ,,EMI studio in
,London where the band was working at
the time4 ,Although the album cover is
among the most imitated and recognizable
photos in rock-and-roll history1 the
photo shoot itself only lasted #aj
minutes4 ,From atop a ladder1
photographer ,Iain ,Macmillan captured
history in the making as the four
members of the band crossed the street
outside the studio while a police
officer held traffic4
  ,Six days before the album was
released in #aifi1 ,John ,Lennon
announced his departure from the band4
,Abbey ,Road went on to become the first
album by ,The ,Beatles to sell over #aj
million copies1 and it remains one of
their best-selling albums of all time4
,Because the band was so famous1 their
use of the crosswalk on ,Abbey ,Road
made it a popular destination for
tourists in ,London and fans of ,The
,Beatles' music4
  ,One interesting piece of ,Beatles
mythology uses the album cover to
perpetuate an urban legend that
surrounded the band during the #aifjs4
,Some diehard fans were convinced that
there were clues left in the music and
album art that hinted at the death of
,Paul ,Mc,Cartney1 who wrote some of
,The ,Beatles' most famous tunes4 ,The
appearance and order of the band mates
crossing the road is said to be a
reference to ,Mc,Cartney's funeral
procession4 ,From the right1 ,Lennon
appears in white as the preacher1
drummer ,Ringo ,Starr is the undertaker1
,Mc,Cartney is the corpse with no shoes
on1 and lastly ,George ,Harrison is the
gravedigger wearing denim4 ,Of course1
these details were meaningless parts of
a contrived story1 but the mystique of
,The ,Beatles and their most beloved
album endures4

  #a4 ,How long was the photo shoot for
,Abbey ,Road8
  7,A7 ,A few hours4
  7,B7 ,Ten minutes4
  7,C7 ,Six days4
  7,D7 ,Four minutes4
  #b4 ,Which member announced that they
were leaving the band before
,Abbey ,Road was released8
  7,A7 ,John ,Lennon4
  7,B7 ,Ringo ,Starr4
  7,C7 ,George ,Harrison4
  7,D7 ,Paul ,Mc,Cartney4
  #c4 ,What is ,,NOT true about the
album ,Abbey ,Road8
  7,A7 ,It was the last album ,The
,Beatles recorded together4
  7,B7 ,It sold more than #aj million
copies4
  7,C7 ,It is named after the location
of the studio where it was recorded4
  7,D7 ,It was released in #aifj4
  #d4 ,What did some fans of ,The
,Beatles think that the album cover was
a symbol for8
  7,A7 ,The funeral of ,Paul
,Mc,Cartney4
  7,B7 ,The legend of the missing shoes4
  7,C7 ,A sign that the band was
breaking up4
  7,D7 ,A fashion shoot for a new denim
clothing brand4
          33333333333333333333
      
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  d>1v"33 #a4 ,B #b4 ,A #c4 ,D #d4 ,A
          33333333333333333333
    
    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 iconic a4 k|"dw"o{`ey"d!a2e."az'
ey"d!a
  ,On ,April #h1 #aihc1 iconic ,American
magician ,David ,Copperfield unveiled a
stunning piece of magic4
  #aihc nt1e:"8"o>'g:"2a/"my1m0`k31m<1
i/"i:'d>"$"-l%`o<1q0'k+'c/"c!a*'k!"k|`
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  t`33 legend n4 b}1i3'2b}1j*1
  ,This film is about a legendary
pianist who grew up on the ship4
  a!"o/"dt"y`i:"s`k}'*'k!"b}1j*1kx'j?1
i:'hw"b}1ix"ax`d>"d!ak/"i:"-
  ,The legend came into existence
shortly after the war4
  a!"k!"b}1i3'i:"hw"av"az'r("o/"ks`b}1
b/'cw1d!a-
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j=1hw"
  #c4 entitle vt4 k0`|`my1bz';i:`s`h:'
k!1
  t`33 be entitled to sth s`h:'k!1r3"d!1
m(`/"
  ,Everyone is entitled to certain
rights regardless of how much money they
have4
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j~1c*"-
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  ,According to the psychologist1
children imitate their friends more
often than their parents4
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d!ab/'d!a
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  ,Taipei #aja is an easily recognizable
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  fw1o0` #aja d>"c(1i:"fw1o0`i:"ru`g&1*"
ot"gu"d!ad*"o{'-
  99 landmark n4 d*"o{'
  ,The personalized license plate made
it easy to recognize ,Mike's car4
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b/'f>'d!ab!'-
  99 personalized a4 $"k!"gu1f!"a:"d!a
  #f4 capture vt4 o/`a3'{r9"mt"dz`o;o/`
r3"
  ,The police officer on duty last night
captured the fugitive4
  h31}`a:1ov'd!aky`b>1a3'd%"c!an>"my1f%1
qv"-
  99 fugitive n4 f%1qv"2f%1_1a!`
  #g4 departure n4 c*1lw';j*`bz1
  t`33 depart vi4 b/'q>'2c*1lw'
  depart for+ d*"qx' jt1_`m(`d*"
  ,Her date's sudden departure left
,Monica at a loss4
  m<"n*1l>`d!a8'r$"d$"e."h("gv1c*1j|"2
gx"f>'o/"a:'e3`j3"-
  ,David departed for ,New ,York to
visit his uncle last ,Sunday4
  d>"$"ix"a('g:"jt1_`ns`8'ow"qx`i/1i/1-
  #h4 convinced a4 j8"e?"d!a
  t`33 be convinced+ 7that7 h:`k|" j8"
e?""""
  ,I am convinced that ,Jim can finish
the project on schedule4
  3`j8"e?"k*1m/`nz1g/1j*1}1bz1a!"e."a}'
v"-
  #i4 reference n4 jv'l%`;f*1k*1
  t`33 with reference to''' k}'|1"""
  ,With reference to ,Andy's attitude1
there is a lot to be desired4
  k}'|1v'd*1d!afw"d/"2d*1j8"rw1s`ru`d3'
kw`k?"d!al&'kt'-
  #aj4 meaningless a4 /1*"*"d!a
  qv`33 meaningful a4 s`*"*"d!a
  ,Jessica found this essay utterly
meaningless4
  k+1e*'l>`k81d!aa!"pt'=1ax'}1j~1m01s`*"
*"-
  99 utterly adv4 }1j~1d*"
  ,We had a meaningful and constructive
meeting this afternoon4
  k?'ft'e)"/`3`mu1lw'c!a*'bx`s`*"*"j+`
k|"kt"i!"ey"d!ar$"*"-
  99 constructive a4 s`kt"i!"ey"d!a
  #aa4 endure vi4 b:1ks`;o%`j=1 & vt4
gu`nw"
  ,Somehow the language endures and
continues to survive4
  n>"a&`|`t1*`m(`a&`qx'i:"o%`j=1e)"cw1
oy"b:1e|"j=1hw"-
  ,Nick's immune system has been
weakened by the stress he endures at
work4
  n*1l!"d!amt`*"e*"f&`?'f>'hw"k&'h3"e3`
bz1i("d!a)'c*":1ot"b>'-
          33333333333333333333
    
    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,The last album recorded by the
legendary ,British group known as ,The
,Beatles is entitled ,Abbey ,Road'''
  a/"*"
  record vt4 k*"c/" & n4 k*"c/"
  t`33 hold a record o%`b:1k*"c/"
  set a record b_"k*"c/"
  ,In ,January of #aiii1 the town
recorded a temperature of minus #dg
degrees ,Celsius4
  #aiii nt1d!a*'8"2au"ix"b/'et"k3"i!"i:"
cy1e)"e:"i:1j*'d/"d!ad*'='-
  ,John has a poor record of attendance
at school4
  8'rv"hw"e81e{"d!ab/'e*1k*"c/"o/"k)'-
  ,The singer holds a record for having
all of his album releases at number one4
  n>"my1k!'i(`o%`b:1m0`ax'a}'k*1*'q>'ey1
ks"dz'ix"pw1rx1ox`k}"k4'd!ak*"c/"-
  ,The athlete set a new world record
for the high jump4
  n>"my14"d&"~1b_"e)"f{"k%'d!ai:"k+"e?'
k*"c/"-
  ky'e~`i:"f*1{l%`k/`f*1~1h:"c*"nt1l%`
f*1~1k|"oy"h3"o/"qu"iv'kt`o
  ,At over #gj meters in length1 the
sausage they made ---- in the town4
7#aja nt1a:`l%`7
  7,A7 took a record 
  7,B7 set a record
  7,C7 got a record 
  7,D7 brought a record

  ,Grammar ,Tips ky'e~`i:"f*1d>1v"33 ,B
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,Words to know0
  ? phenomenon n4 et"e."{dv'i/"ey1o
  t`33 phenomena n4 et"e."{q/"i/"ey1o
  ? atop prep4 hw""""ix"mt"
  ? copy n4 *'qu"{i/'o%"h>1a:"dz`o
  ? mythology n4 iu1r9"{k*1r!1my1j:12o/"
l!`i/`o
  t`33 myth n4 b}1i3';iu1r9"
  ? perpetuate vt4 i:`6`ks`j=1hw";i:`o/"
es`
  ? urban a4 bz1i:"d!a
  ? diehard a4 e:`a&'d!a
  ? art n4 a}'k*1qz'mt"
  ? hint vi4 & vt4 & n4 v"i:"
  ? tune n4 k!'j|`2e~1c|"
  ? mate n4 f}1~1;f&1ov"
  ? procession n4 d$"/`
  ? undertaker n4 hx"*1gu1~1
  ? corpse n4 i:'f*`
  ? gravedigger n4 9'm/"a!`
  ? denim n4 dv'ny1o/"
  ? contrive vt4 e|'k(";i!"k*"{ou`=1$1
k3"j|"qu'j:1h3"ey1g&1j:16"o
  ? mystique n4 iu1m*";%"m*"
          33333333333333333333
      
    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 be known as+ iu'qu"
  *`m(`iu'qu"=1my1/ $1gu1e3`a:'
  t`33 be known for''' ?'""":1=1my1
  ,Amy is known as a very talented
actress4
  a&"gu1k+'a:'w"m*'i:"k!"ru`s`jw1r91d!a
n|`t`~1-
  ,Bill is known for his punctuality4
,He is never late for his appointments4
  o*`:`*`i(`i:1=1my1- f>'8'r$"j&1o/"b:1
d%"-
  99 punctuality n4 a=`i:12i(`i:1
  #b4 in the making q>'av`a&'2ey1bz1a&'
  ,I believe that ,Hank is a great
writer in the making4
  3`e.'e?"rv"l!"$"cw1r$"i:"k!"d>"h3"k)'-
  #c4 go on to ,V k*"e|"/ k+'a!ah3""""
  ,After eating two bowls of fried rice1
,Jack went on to eat dessert4
  b:'}1c.`}`b%`qv"r("2k+1l!"k+'a!ab:'ft1
dt`-
  #d4 be named after''' *`"""d!amy1h:"
my"my1
  ,We visited a museum named after a
famous actor4
  3`mu1jv'k}'*'kt'*`a:'my1y`ey'my"my1d!a
o<1/"k}`-
  #e4 break up k+`ev";qu'k+`;qu'i(`
  t`33 break up with sb rv"m(`gu1qu'i(`
  ,In truth1 our relationship is going
nowhere1 so we should break up4
  i:"i:1ix"23`mu1d!act"jy1o/"r$"s`e3`q>'
av`2e3`*`3`mu1y'kw'qu'i(`-
  ,Dylan couldn't figure out why his
girlfriend wanted to break up with him4
  d*1c=1e.`o/"f("n|`s`$"r!1e.`ku'f>'qu'
i(`-
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,For ,Your ,Information0
  jt1{k=`i:1h>1a:"o q/"a/`ot'c31o<1 
f!"-k!1c?1q0':`d!1o>`p*'f(1e:"rv"o*"l>`
e3`e.'o*`2m{1i/"f>'mu1d('i:"b%'8"k!"h:"
i:1dw"d!a*"i/"k)'2f>'i3'33;-hw"cs1ey1?'
8"cy`|"2m01s`j*1f>'*"i/"k)'o*`p*'f(1e:"
kz"s`k!1e?'ey"k*1b_"h%"c*"--2
  f>'mu1hw"*"i/"b_"e?'rv"ix'+"ix"d!abz1
k&'j*`q>'c!aj~1i:"k+"d!a?'8"gu12a/'d3'?'
8"gu1k+'o{`i:"iu'i("p*'f(1e:"d!ay`e.`2
r3"a!`f("k3"qv'bx"f>'mu1d!ah3"p?`*`hw"
pw1rx1ox`ix"j|`d!1k)'k*'- f>'mu1d!aq/1
a_'d>`ov"rv"q>`ey1+`bz1$1j~1js18"m*1az'
e.'m<1qx`d!aqv"ou`2?'j:`p*'f(1e:"d$"i:1
a_'+"bv`iz'd!ay`e.`+`o/"g&1e{`j|"-
  p*'f(1e:"kw`ot"c!agu1mu1fy'cs1ey1?'8"
d!aqx'i:"2ns`a}`cs1ey1?'8"hw"iz'r31a&'
ov"t`d!ak{`e!"- j&1p*'f(1e:"l_1g!"et"e."
lw'i:`28"f}1d!ab%'k%'gu1j*"i:`f>'mu1bz1
$1 #aifj nt1dw"qv`=1r9"4"d&"d!ar9"iu'-
h3"$1kw'4"d&"d!ae."az'2f>'mu1bz1$"c!ao<'
e*'m*`)"a/`*"*`k*1k!"k!"i!"r$"az"a:"*"
f*1e)"k*'k?"a/`*"d!aj$'r9"k*"2o%'k9'n|`
ey"k+`qx"4"d&",f&1ey"ct"k+`qx"4"d&"rv"
r}1ky"4"d&"dz`-
  {h:'c{"cw1~133$1k*'ow`l!'o
  
gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#d 8" #ab g:" l!"c("i:"qv'*"
  8keep0 d!a6"q>`
  
  e)"mt"*'d}"d}`=1a&'2s`c.`b/"e*"*`a&'=1
bz1et"2jy`c*"6"ix"e)"=1et"e3`{g/1dv'h:",
pt"|`dz`o k.'j*1*"bz1az"j8",f&'i=",d>1*"
j+`jt1r("ct1k}"d!ay'=1-
  ,One of the most recognizable
landmarks in ,London1 ,England1 is the
,Elizabeth
  ,Tower of the ,Palace of ,Westminster
and the ,Great ,Clock at the top1
commonly referred to by its nickname3
,Big ,Ben4 
  #a4 d>"o/"qu"d!agu1d('f&1*"2g3"m01s`
rv"d>"ou"a&'r!1y`2a!"fx"c=1d='a:'c|`ks"
o/"e}"}1az`- 
  ,At the end of summer #bjag1 however1
renovations on the clock began1 which
will keep ,Big ,Ben's bells silent until
the year #bjba1 except for major events
like ,New ,Year's ,Eve and ,Remembrance
,Sunday4 ,Big ,Ben will be dismantled
entirely piece by piece to be cleaned1
fixed1 and made more energy efficient4
  #b4 h:" #ahei nt1lw'i:`2ow`|1nt1cw1kw'
a&'c(1d!aa&'iz'e.`ot"c!ac=1d='k+'d%"-
  ,This did not include the period of
major repairs that took place between
#aihc and #aihe and a brief stint of
silence in #bjjg4 ,For the time being1
an electric motor will power the hands
to keep time for everyone who glances up
at the historic clock face4 ,Big ,Ben is
reportedly the most photographed
building in the ,,UK1 so at least the
right time will be displayed in all
those pictures4
          33333333333333333333
      
  #a4 d*"*'k|"l!`*"$133
  ,Most people would agree that no trip
to ,London is complete without a photo
with ,Big ,Ben4
  qv'*"{"dt`
  a4 agree vt4 & vi4 f&1*"
  t`33 agree with''' f&1*""""
  qv`33 disagree vi4 o/"f&1*"
  disagree with''' qv`d$"/ o/"hv"bz1"""
  ,You may not agree with ,Al's
decision1 but you don't have the right
to interfere with it4
  +`e|`n*`o/"f&1*"w":`d!ak81dy"2dv"n*`/1
j~1k)'*`kv'i!"-
  99 interfere with''' kv'g%`"""2qx1
w""""
  interfere vi4 qx1w";kv'i!"
  ,My husband disagreed with me over
where to go during our honeymoon4
  k}'|1m*"8"{"j|"n>`c*`23`c%`k&'|`3`*"
kt"o/"r!1-
  b4 complete a4 }1az`d!a
  t`33 no ,A would be complete without
,B i%`c!a ,B1 ,A ks"o/"e}"}1az`/ ks"o/"
~1mv`/ ks"o/"}1m0`
  .k ,A wouldn't be complete without ,B
  ,No dinner would be complete without
dessert4
  .k ,Dinner wouldn't be complete
without dessert4
  {"i:"m01s`ft1dt`2}`jv'ks"o/"e}"}1m0`-
  c4 ou`k|"*"l!`*"$133 ,The majority of
people would concur that without a
selfie with ,Big ,Ben1 anyone's trip to
,London is incomplete4
  #b4 d*":"k|"l!`*"$133
  ,The clock tower chimes have rung
throughout the streets of ,London since
#ahei4
  qv'*"{"dt`
  a4 chime n4 a&'iz';cy1iz';8"a&' &
vi4 {a&'o my1e.`
  t`33 chime in b>'r9"
  ,The wind chimes are swinging in the
breeze4
  n>"e+'qz'cy1az"e$1a!a$1qz'{1ow`-
  ,Rachel kept chiming in with her own
opinions4
  g$"js'*'a:1b>'h$`*`o{`my1h:"k*`d!a*"
kt"-
  b4 ring vi4 {a&',cy1o my1e.`
  t`33 ring out e.`j*`
  ,A shot rang out in the night1 and we
wondered if hunters were in the woods4
  +"c*`d!a*'iz'j.'e.`gx"3`mu1hw"e.`i:"
q(`eu'c?1c*`s`c+"gu1-
  c4 ou`k|"*"l!`*"$133 ,Since #ahei1 the
chiming of the clock tower has been
heard across ,London's streets4
          33333333333333333333
      
    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 recognizable a4 l!`ot"gu"d!a
  ,Skunks are recognizable by the white
stripes on their back4
  b("s"l!`s1j*1o0"ix"d!aow1e!"f{1=1ot"
gu"b/'cw1-
  99 skunk n4 b("s"
  #b4 commonly adv4 f&'bx1;p/`ot"d*"
  ,Shift workers commonly complain about
not getting enough sleep4
  c=1ov'k&'h3"a!`*'ov'd('r$"o%"~"i$"mt1
o/"h/1-
  #c4 renovation n4 a_'es'2az`es'
  t`33 renovate vt4 qv'es'2kz'e?'
  ,We're celebrating our new renovations
with a special deal4
  3`mu1*`f!"r$"qx'v"cw1jy"a/"b&1e?'a_'
es'-
  ,The gallery is being renovated and
will be closed until the end of the
year4
  a!"kt'm0`i/"k}`m/"jt1az"hw"az`es'2{"
d%"nt1d*`jw1r$"lw'qx"-
  #d4 silent a4 v'ky"d!a2bu1m<"d!a
  t`33 silence n4 bu1m<"2k*1ky";m<"w' &
vt4 i:`v'ky"2i:`kt'm<"
  ,No matter what the police ask1 just
remain silent before your lawyer
arrives4
  /1c="ky`qx'="iu1m!a2hw"n*`d!ac|"i:'d*`
d>1jt1o%`b:1kt'm<"ks"r%`-
  ,The silence in the room made ,Lynn
very nervous4
  qx1kt'c*`d!abu1m<"gx"c?1u'ru`k?`ax'-
  ,Mr4 ,Smith's speech silenced the
crowd4
  i:`m*"e:'et'iz'd!at`i3'gx"j41a&"v'ky"
e)"cw1-
  #e4 efficient a4 s`e{"c|"d!a
  ,The boss likes ,Cathy because she is
an efficient worker4
  c%`ov`ru`e*`r}'lw`e*'2?'$"f>'i:"k!"s`
e{"c|"d!a~1k&'-
  #f4 repair n4 & vt4 es'c*`
  ,The car was damaged beyond repair4
  a!"o/"b!'*`ky'r7"d%"/1q>`es'c*`c!a-
  ,My grandfather is good at repairing
things4
  3`+1+1ru`iv"bx1es'c*`d&'e*a-
  #g4 glance vi4 *'p+'2lv"*'t`;l7"e/"cs1
cv`
  ,Jason glanced around the room to see
who was there4
  k+1eu'l7"e/"d!ar}1i:"c!an>"k!"qx1kt'2
lv"lv"s`i01hw"c*`mt"-
  #h4 reportedly adv4 k|"o%"d%`2k|"b}1=1
  ,That country is reportedly going to
wage war on its neighbor4
  k|"o%"d%`2n>"k!"k31k)'{"e."c?1k31q>'
d&"av"az'-
  99 wage war on''' d$""""q>'d&"av"az'
  #i4 photograph vt4 pw'a%"{ou`=1$1k3"
j|"qu'j:1h3"ey1g&1j:16"o
  ,The police officers were photographed
while they were brutally suppressing the
protesters4 
  ky`qx'jv1l/"d*"au")'lx"*"a!`i:1o0"pw'
c!ae)"cw1-
  99 brutally adv4 jv1o%"d*"
  suppress vt4 au")'2)'a:"
  #aj4 display vt4 & n4 av`i:"2et`i:"
  t`33 be on display av`i:"2bu1c+"
  .k be on exhibition
  ,This exhibition gives local artists a
chance to display their work4
  a!"j:"av`cv`$"dx'd*"*"i/"k)'f*1k&'c!a
av`i:"h:"k*`h3"p?`d!ak*'r$"-
  ,Picasso's paintings are now on
display at the museum4
  m/"jt1o*"l>`e3`d!ar9"h3"az"hw"o<1/"k}`
av`i:"a&'-
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,Words to know0
  ? landmark n4 d*"o{'
  ? remembrance n4 k*"nt";d%"nt"
  ? dismantle vt4 bw'lw'2bw'k+`
  f&133 take''' apart
  ? stint n4 k/"dy"{h3"m(`e."k&'h3"r3"
r31d&"d!ao i:1j*1
  ? hand n4 a:`au'
  t`33 hour/ minute/ second hand
  i:1/ qu'/ m{`au'
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 refer to''' *"a:`/ a:`d!ai:""""
  ,These figures refer to our book sales
in ,Asia4
  a!"e+'i/"k|"a:`d!ai:"3`mu1i/'k*1hw")"
a('d!ae{'c."-
  #b4 except for''' b/1c!a"""7"{ou`iu'
o/"o%'rv1hw"n0"o
  t`33 in addition to''' b/1c!a"""2
{rw1o"""{ou`iu'o%'rv1hw"n0"o
  ,All of us signed up for the ,French
class except for ,Emily4
  b/1c!aw"m*"c*"23`mu1d('o%"my1ix"q>"=1
l!"-
  99 sign up for''' o%"my1jv'k)'"""
  ,In addition to the special effects1
the plot of the movie was also well
developed4
  b/1c!af!"e{"a:'7"2n>"o/"dt"y`d!ak|"jy1
+`q>'av`d!aru`r%`-
  #c4 take place q>'iz';k|`ey1{/1o0"d&"
6"q>`o
  ,The president-elect's inauguration
ceremony will take place on ,May #bj4
  kw'h&`f&`dx'e~`gu1d!aks"a:1dt`c*`k.'|1
/`8":"i:1g:"k|`ey1-
  99 inauguration n4 ks"a:1
  #d4 for the time being m/"jt1;av"i:1
  ,You can leave your suitcase here for
the time being4
  n*`l!`*`av"i:1o>`n*`d!aey1c*`e.'qx"hw"
a!"c*`-
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,At the end of summer #bjag1 however1
renovations on the clock began1 which
will keep ,Big ,Ben's bells silent until
the year #bjba'''
  a/"*"
  keep vt4 i:`o%`b:1;o%`cs1 & vi4 o%`
b:1;k*"e|"
  keep s`e)"c+"o/"f&16"q>`33
  #a4 o{`;-o%`b:1-2 i:133k+'ey1g&1j:1h3"
o/`|`-
  ,We huddled around the fire to keep
warm4
  3`mu1k*`hw"r3`px1j|`n}`-
  99 huddle vi4 k*`bz1*'f}1
  #b4 o{`;-o%`cs1-2 i:133k+'my1j:1r3"dw"
my1j:1h3"i("j:1-
  ,Do you want this photograph back or
will you let me keep it8
  n*`e.`n>1r$1a!"ax'a%"pt"2rw1i:"gx"3`
cs1a!af>'o
  #c4 o{`;-k*"e|"-2 i:133k+'et"hw"qu'
j:12o{`k?"ey1-
  ,Keep 7on7 working hard1 and you'll be
successful some day4
  k*"e|"n/`c*"2s`a%'*'g:"n*`ks"r$"bz1
k&'-
          33333333333333333333
     
    &jv'l%`a&'*"y
  y'k31c=1d='h$"a/"my1d!ad*"o{'a:'*'i:"
e*'m?`k&'d!a*'c*"i>'ow1f>`*`k*1h$"dy`d}'
d!ad>"i:1a&'2f&'bx1*`n*"bz'cw1bz'r/'
f>'33d>"ou"a&'- d>"o/"qu"d!agu1d('f&1*"2
g3"m01s`rv"d>"ou"a&'r!1y`2a!"fx"c=1d='
a:'c|`ks"o/"e}"}1az`- gv1:12hw" #bjag
nt1d!ae)"k*"$`iz'2d>"ou"a&'d!a$1es'k&'
bz1lw'i:`av`lw'2a!"k.'i:`f>'k?"?'a:"
#bjba nt1{e."i:"l9"nt1+"*`k*1k31ix'ey'
j*1ft'd!ad>"ey1r31d&"b/17"o- d>"ou"a&'
k.'j~1mt"o0"*'*'bw'e+"cw1jy'c*`,$1es'2
oy"i:`f>'kz"k)'k+1nz1-
  h:" #ahei nt1lw'i:`2ow`|1nt1cw1kw'a&'
c(1d!aa&'iz'e.`ot"c!ac=1d='k+'d%"- a!"
o/"o%'rv1|1 #aihc nt1a:" #aihe nt1kt'd!a
d>"az`es'2*`k*1|1 #bjjg nt1d!ad}`av"e{'
?'- $"c!ae3`s`r$"fw1f(1*'p+'a!"i:`ix"s`
my1a&'mt"d!agu12m/"jt1s`*'k!"dt"d&"m>`
d>1cw1j|'d&"a:`au'*`f*1k&'a=`j8"d!ai:1
kt'- k|"o%"d%`2d>"ou"a&'i:"y'k31h$"bx1
o0"pw'i!"d!akt"a/12?'j:`2a:"i%`hw"n>"e3`
s`a%"pt"a&'e3`et`i:"d!ad('r$"i:"az"j8"
i:1kt'-

  #a4 i%`c!as'es"d!a ,,DJ1 /`r$"ks"o/"
e}"}1az`- 7f*1i:"336" no ,A would be
complete without ,B7
  #b4 j.'iz'*'e.`j*`2k+'ix"d!am?1a&"ot"
lw'i:`kt'k{"- 7f*1i:"336" ring out7
  #c4 3`m/"jt1d!am/"o{'ks"i:"d%"r>'q<1
d>"e81 7,Harvard ,University7 nt"i/'-
7f*1i:"336" for the time being7
    
  jv'l%`*"k|"
  #a4 ,No dance party would be complete
without a great ,,DJ4
  #b4 ,As soon as a shot rang out1
people on the street started to scream4
  #c4 ,My goal for the time being is to
attend ,Harvard ,University4
  {k_`o<"c%`i:'d!ao/`b&'k{"jw1i('c/"|1
r/"d&"k{"e81k_'d+1n0"2r3"jy`ix"bx1b='fz1
_`c/"i/'bz1d!amt`q0"k_`o<"b>1e41o

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#d 8" #ac g:" iu'd/"c|`s1

      ,Visiting ,Porto1 ,Portugal
      =1r9"|`k)'{1e41c*`"1p/1f%1)1o<'d3'
  8size0 d!a6"q>`

  by ,Jamie ,Blackler
  ,It's a city built on elegant culture
and fine wine4
  a!"i:"*'h3"*`s')`=1r9"k*1m0`ks`d>`h%"
d!abz1i:"-

  ,Portugal is only #ajth in size among
the countries of ,Western ,Europe1 but
don't let its relatively small size fool
you--,Portugal was once one of the most
powerful nations on ,Earth4 ,During the
,Age of ,Discovery1 ,Portugal
established one of the longest-lived
colonial empires4 ,Today1 it is best
known for its rich culture and culinary
traditions4 ,One of the best places to
experience all that ,Portugal has to
offer is in ,Porto1 the nation's 
second-largest city4
  ,Walking around ,Porto1 you will
immediately notice the city's majestic
architecture4 ,The buildings and
structures of ,Porto have a warm and
rustic feel to them4 ,This is due in
large part to the use of azulejo tiles1
elaborate ceramic tiles that were
introduced to ,Portugal by the ,Moors4
,The name azulejo comes from an ,Arabic
word that translates to mean 8polished
stone40 ,A prime example of the tile's
beauty can be seen at ,Sao ,Bento
,Station1 which has more than #bj1jjj
tiles covering the walls4 ,Legendary
artist ,Jorge ,Colaco painted key
scenes from ,Portugal's history on the
tiles1 which help educate visitors about
the nation's past4 ,Pictures depicting
the lives of the ,Portuguese royal
family or images commemorating historic
events introduce an element of
contemplation to the normally busy
place4 ,Just don't stare at this
masterpiece for too long1 or you might
miss your train4
  ,Another must-see destination in
,Porto is the ,Lello ,Bookstore4
,Located in the northern part of the
city1 it's one of the country's oldest
bookstores4 ,Many also consider it the
most beautiful4 ,The two-story interior
features wooden walls and an intricate
stained-glass ceiling4 ,It was a
favorite spot for author ,J4 ,K4
,Rowling when she was teaching ,English
in ,Portugal4 ,Many believe that the
sights she saw in ,Porto inspired her as
she wrote the ,Harry ,Potter series4
          33333333333333333333

  p/1f%1)1hw"mt"k*'ix"k?`i:"e*'('d*"i:1
d>":1*`2dv"o+1o0"f>'g/1j:`e{`d!amt"k*'
k0`/"d%`c!a"1p/1f%1)1jz1ky'i:"j~1js1h$"
j.1k31a:'*'- hw"d*"c*`d>"q>'et"j*1kt'2
p/1f%1)1kt"c*"c!ah$"bx1ks`d!aa:1m?1d*"
k31a:'*'- g/1k?'2f>'*`qz'q/"d!a=1r9"k*1
b}1f&`m0`i:1:1=1my1- p/1f%1)1h$"a:1d!a
f*`t"d!aj*1a&'*'k!"d*"qx'i:"f>'d!ad*":"
d>"bz1"1o<'d3'-
  hw"o<'d3'e:"b/"h(`d&"i:12n*`r$"c*"l!"
a/"*"d%"a!"h3"bz1i:"d!ae61$`kt"a/1- o<'
d3'd!ad>"c(1k*1kt"a/1/"d$"s1l!"cw1i3's`
a&`='n}`k*1ft1~1qz'd!akv`k81- a!"d>"d3'
i:"?'$"i:`6"c!a>'h:'c!"r!"j:1a}'r9"2a!"
e+'ky'e?'i!"k*"d!aj:1a}'i:"s1m<1:`gu1?`
k?"p/1f%1)1- azulejo a!"k!"my1h:"~1|1*'
k!">'c>'o<1h:"j:12*"$1;-ky'm0`d!ai:1
f(1-2- hw"iz"ou`d/`b!'av"k*1l!`*'d/`kw'
j:1a}'a:'m0`d!ah$"k)'c*"az"2a!"h3"b!'av"
d!aj.1o*"ix"q/"kw"c!ac.`}"d3'pt"j:1a}'-
b}1j*1*"i/"k)'r%1:`r!"-l("c>'e3`k.'p/1
f%1)1c*"i:`d!aa/`{"bx`ky`r$"a:"hw"j:1a}'
ix"2ox'a/"s1l!"c{`k+`kw'k31d!ak3"j|"-
m{1r$"a!ap/1f%1)1k$"h/1iz'r31d!af/1r9",
r3"i:"k*"nt"c!ac*"i:`i:"kt"d!af/1e."$"
a!"k!"f&'bx1ru`qv1mx1d!ad*"qx'dw"cw1*'
e+'m<"e.`d!abz1qu"- dv"jt'}"o+1dy'a!aa!"
e."k+1h3"fw"ks`2q(`h!1n*`l!`nz1r$"j3"k3"
n*`d!ar3`b!'-
  cy"*'k!"o<'d3'o*"lv"d!aky`dt`i:"cw1c31
i/'dt"- f>'h3"c3"hw"kw'bz1d!ao0`ot'2i:"
kw'k31h$"k/`c%`d!ai/'dt"a:'*'- e|`d3'gu1
+`gu"$1f>'i:"h$"m0`d!a*'kt'- c.`jz1kt"
a/1d!ai:"n0"a_'r_1*`m/"a:"j.1o*"k*1ky'
a:"d!ajw`r$"o<'c*1ft'r9'ov`$1f!"e!"- a!"
c*`i:" ,J4 ,K4 c31c?1hw"p/1f%1)1k{'y'=1
j*1kt'h$"e*`r}'d!ad*"qx'- e|`d3'gu1e.'
e?"f>'|1o<'d3'd!ae3`kt"e3`=1hw"f>'a}"e+`
{r>'c*"o<'f!"o e*"c+"i:1k0`c!af>'cy1kv`-
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 colonial a4 a:1m?1{d*"o d!a
  t`33 colony n4 a:1m?1d*"
  ,It took the country almost #ej years
to rid itself of colonial rule4
  kw'k31r9'c!ak.'k?"/`i:1nt1d!ai:1kt'jw1
ow`f3'a:1m?1f&`a:"-
  99 rid oneself of''' i:`h:"k*`ow`
f3'"""
  ,There is a lot of ,European
architecture in ,Macau because it was
once a ,Portuguese colony4
  %"mu1s`ru`d3'('i:"kt"a/12?'$"f>'jz1ky'
i:"p/1f%1)1d!aa:1m?1d*"-
  #b4 culinary a4 pz'gu"d!a
  ,The chef transformed a few simple
ingredients into a culinary work of art4
  n>"$"b/1i:'o>`*'e+'kt`dv'd!ajw1c{"ot"
bz1*'d%"b&'mv`j{`e:'d!ak)'{1-
  #c4 immediately adv4 c*"k*1
  f&133 in no time
  ,Dad left immediately after ,Mom
called him4
  3`o>"k+'d%"3`m>'d>`cw1d!adt"r9"r("ot"
c*"l!"c*1lw'c!a-
  #d4 majestic a4 e61$`d!a;a_'t1d!a
  ,We stood in awe before the majestic
,Westminster ,Abbey4
  3`mu1ky"$"d*"av"hw"e61$`d!ae*'m?`e:"
jt1mt"-
  99 stand in awe ky"$"d*"av"c*"
  awe n4 ky"$"
  #e4 architecture n4 kt"a/1{/"o;kt"a/1
qz'k!1
  ,The stylish architecture took me back
to the ,Renaissance in the #aeth
century4
  n>"qz'k!1dt`)`d!akt"a/1k.'3`dw"r$1d%"
i:1/`i:"k*"=1*"q/"ey'i:1j*1-
  #f4 tile n4 j:1a}'
  #g4 polished a4 ky'm0`d!a2ky'a:"d!a;s`
k_'h!1d!a2j>'c."d!a
  t`33 polish vt4 j>'c."
  ,Gemstones are cut and polished
mineral crystals4
  o%`i:1i:"j+'k!'|`p%'k_'r("d!al_"/"ky'
f*`-
  99 gemstone n4 o%`i:1
  ,The soldier polished his boots before
the inspection4
  n>"my1i:"oy'hw"kt`8"jt1o>`e8'h:aj>'
c."-
  #h4 legendary a4 b}1j*1d!a;a/"my1d!a
  t`33 legend n4 b}1i3';b}1j*1gu1/"
  legend has it+ that h:`k|" b}1i3'"""
  ,Michael ,Jordan is regarded as a
legendary basketball player4
  mw"l!`-j{1dv'o0"i:"$1*'$"b}1j*1cv1js1
~1-
  ,Legend has it that the lake was
formed by the tears of a goddess4
  b}1i3'a!"h3"r/1o<1i:"s1*'$"n|`iu1d!at`
c0"e3`ey1bz1d!a-
  #i4 depict vt4 m{1r$"2m{1i/"
  f&133 portray vt4
  ,The painting depicted a man sitting
by the window4
  a!"q/1r9"m{1r$"*'my1h3"hw"b_'ot'd!anv1
h:`-
  #aj4 commemorate vt4 k*"nt"
  ,We have this holiday to commemorate
the work our ancestors did4
  3`mu1a!"*'ft'd!ak)"j*1i:"6"cw1k*"nt"
et'gu1d!ai:"k*'-
  #aa4 historic a4 s`c*"i:`*"*"d!a
  ,The church is of great historic
significance to this town4
  a!"h3"k{"fx1d$"kw'au"s`a&"d>"d!ac*"i:`
*"*"-
  #ab4 contemplation n4 m<"e.`2bu1e:'2
my1e.`
  t`33 be in contemplation e:'l%`a&'
  ,Andy spends half an hour every
morning in contemplation before he
begins to work4
  v'd*1m0`ft'h%`ix"ix"ov'jt1r$"my1e.`ov"
e{`i:1-
  #ac4 masterpiece n4 k+1h3"
  #ad4 interior a4 n0"o/"d!a
  qv`33 exterior a4 7"o/"d!a
  ,The interior walls of the church are
painted blue4
  n>"h3"k{"fx1d!an0"j.1d('o0"j*'bz1cv1
e!"d!a-
  ,The exterior shots were taken in
,Cebu4
  a!"e+'7"ky`ky"f(1i:"hw"e/"/"e3`pw'i!"
d!a-
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,Portugal is only #ajth in size among
the countries of ,Western ,Europe'''
  a/"*"
  size n4 d>"e{` & vt4 v"d>"e{`pw1c+";
k/'e}"
  t`33 size up''' k/'k*""""2e4"e/"d$""""
h3"b/'pv"d}"
  .k evaluate vt4
  ,The size of this pair of shoes is too
big for me4
  a!"i_'e+1d!ab:`j="d$"3`cw1i3'fw"d>"
c!a-
  ,Those fish are sized and selected for
canning4
  n>"e+'|1v"d>"e{`qu'c0"*`a:"bz1k}"f(1-
  ,The pilot's job was to fly over the
stricken area and size up the situation4
  q0'rx1~1d!agu"/"i:"q0'8"hw'j|'oy"py1
k/'hw'jy1-
  99 stricken a4 i("l/`d!a;i("l="g%`d!a
  ky'e~`i:"f*1
  ,The manager decided to cancel the
project after sizing ---- the situation4
  7,A7 in 7,B7 at
  7,C7 on 7,D7 up

  ,Grammar ,Tips ,A ky'e~`i:"f*1d>1v"33
,D
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,Words to know0
  ? rustic a4 e.'j='qz'$"d!a;a:1p/1d!a
  ? ceramic a4 f%1j:1d!a
  ? prime a4 h$"r%`d!a;a/`{"d!a2i(`{"d!a
& n4 j~1iz"i:1j*1
  ? intricate a4 j3"h&"q/"h>1d!a;q/"h>1
ky'e*"d!a
  ? stained-glass jw`r$"o<'c*1
  stained a4 a31e!"d!a2s`e!"d!a
  ? ceiling n4 ft'r9'ov`
  t`33 hit the ceiling/ roof d>"q>'c01
fy1
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 be introduced to+ d*"qx' o0"?`k?"
m(`d*"
  introduce vt4 ?`k?"2?`g/"
  ,Pineapples were introduced to ,Hawaii
in the early #aith century4
  qz"c*1|1i:1ks`i:"k*"b/'o0"?`k?"e)"$'
*1-
  #b4 an element of''' """d!a{"e/"
  ,Creativity is a vital element of
,Ray's success4
  b_"*"i:"e{`c01bz1k&'d!aa&"{"{"e/"-

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#d 8" #ad g:" iu'd/"c|`s1

      ,Visiting ,Porto1 ,Portugal
      =1r9"|`k)'{1e41c*`"1p/1f%1)1o<'d3'
  8climate0 d!a6"q>`

  ,Although city life in ,Porto is
certainly interesting1 most tourists
visit ,Porto for the purpose of
exploring the ,Douro valley region4
,Located a short distance upstream from
the city center1 ,Douro ,,DOC has been
the home of fine wines for over #b1jjj
years4 ,The valley's mountainous terrain
offers the perfect climate for making
wine4 ,Although several varieties of
wine are produced here1 ,Douro ,,DOC
specializes in port wine4 ,Port is a
fortified wine1 which means that extra
alcohol is added to it4 ,During the
production process1 winemakers will add
a small amount of brandy or grape spirit
to the wine4 ,This gives the wine a
sweet taste and makes it stronger than
normal wines4 ,Port is typically served
after meals1 when it is time to have
dessert4 ,It pairs well with sweet
treats like chocolate and complements
the flavor of a cigar4 ,The best way to
experience the magic of port is to share
a bottle with friends on a chilly
evening4
  ,Before knocking back a glass of local
wine1 make sure to sample the city's
most famous dish3 the ,Francesinha4
,Many believe a man named ,Daniel da
,Silva invented it in the #aifjs4 ,It
was supposedly his attempt at adapting
,French food to the ,Portuguese palate4
,The ,Francesinha is a mouthwatering
sandwich stuffed with ham1 sausage1 or
steak and topped with melted cheese4 ,To
add the finishing touch1 a thick sauce
made from beer and tomato sauce is
drizzled over the sandwich4 ,Since it's
covered in this juicy liquid1 the
,Francesinha must be eaten with a knife
and fork4 ,Restaurants in ,Porto
typically have their own secret sauce
recipe1 so you should plan on trying a
few different versions before leaving
town4 ,There is no shortage of delights
to indulge in while visiting ,Porto4
          33333333333333333333

  k?`k}`o<'d3'd!abz1i:"iz'r31e.'dx's`*"
e:'2d>"o/"qu"cw1o<'d3'jv'k}'d!ac|`l!"i:"
$"c!aiu'g/"d/"c31r!1k/`j|'- d/"c31r!1q>`
dy"bv`j|'$"|1c*1i:"a&'e?'s`*'e{`d}"k|"
c*1d!aix"s1j|'2j:`j|'c.`jt'd3'nt1cw1d('
i:"iz'bv`my1ks`d!ae3`hw"d*"- r!1k/`d3'
iv'd!ad*"i:"f*1k&'n."ks`k81k)'d!aj*"r("-
e$'gv1e|`d3'a&`d!ap/1f%1ks`d('bv`|1j:`
d*"2d/"c31r!1q>`dy"bv`j|'a}'mu1n."h%"o<'
f!"ks`- o<'f!"ks`i:"*'a&`k)'j.1d!ap/1f%1
ks`2*"$"a!af>'ft'k)'c!a!17"d!aks`ky'-
hw"n."h%"k3"bz1a&'2n."ks`i:'r$"k.'*'dt`
ow1cv1d*"r3"p/1f%1c+"ks`k)'d%"ks`n0"-
a!"$"ks`hz'ft'c!aft1$"2oy"i:`f>'o*`*'ov'
p/1f%1ks`kz"n&1c+"- o<'f!"ks`*'ov'r$"hw"
jv'r("f*1k&'2a!"i:1az"i:"e.`6"ft1dt`d!a
i:1r("- f>'|`e."j{`l!"c*"d!aft1dt`k81
p0"2oy"|`e8`k)'d!a$"d%"e.'d!1*"ax'- {"
f*`t"o<'f!"ks`m<1c*"d!ah$"k)'qx'q>`i:"
hw"rv1cz`d!aox'}`|`pz1s`k&"e.`*'py1-
  hw"n*`r!'e)"*'o0'dx'd*"d!ap/1f%1ks`
jt12k*"d!a{"p?`bx1a!"k!"bz1i:"h$"b/'my1
d!ajw"{133i:'d>1d>1ev'my1a:"{ot'v"33a!"
d%"jw"e!"*"s`gu1bz';-q>"k31e{`n|`rw1-2
{$1 ,Francesinha a:1*"o k*1p/1i:"ev'my1
a:"dz`-o- e|`d3'gu1gu"$1f>'i:"s1my1$1dv'
n*1:`-d>1-e*1:`9`d!anv1h:`|1 #aifj nt1
dw"q>'my1d!a- k|"i3'a!"i:"f>'k.'q>"k31
i:1/"kw`h%"bz1p/1i:"l(`$"d!abx1i:"- i:'
d>1d>1ev'my1a:"i:"*'a&`cy"gu1b$1et1ev'
b:`d!aev'my1a:"2j*1ew'mv`c!ar3`f$`,e.'
bx1r3"ns1pw12ix"mt"q/"kw"a!ag&1r9"d!aj*`
e:'- h$"r("k)'ix"k|"r9"c&1dt`ky'h3"6",s1
p*1ks`k*1qv'j+1k."a:"bz1d!ae.'n&1k."a:'
e>`ot"az`k!"ev'my1a:"- ?'$"q/"kw"c!aa!"
jz1d3'a:'k."c{"2i:'d>1d>1ev'my1a:"o*"e|'
*`d%'b>'cw1i:16"- o<'d3'd!ajv'fy'f&'bx1
r$"s`h:"k*`d!am*"m*"k."c{"i:1p/`2e3`*`
hw"c*1lw'bz1au"a:'jt12*'dy"{"k*"r9"bx1
i:"*'e+'o/"f&1d!aov`ou`- s1cv`o<'d3'k81
d$"o/"q>1gx"n*`bu1h$"d!ae*`8"-
          33333333333333333333
      
    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 upstream adv4 e."ix"s1;n*"cs1d*"
  ,For us to move the canoe upstream1 we
need to paddle continuously4
  3`mu1o*"e|'o/"d}"d*"r91k.`jw1nz1n*"i$`
ey1a('-
  99 paddle vi4 r91
  #b4 terrain n4 d*"ey1;d*"|"
  ,High heels are not suitable for rough
and steep terrain4
  k%'ku'e+1o/"i:"r!1hw"j*1j|'o/"py1k*1
d(`j{"d!ad*"ey1ix"ey1h(`-
  #c4 complement vt4 bu"f3';o/`h/1
  o*`k{" compliment vt4 hv"m0`
  t`33 compliment sb on sth ks"m(`i:"bz'
hv"m(`gu1
  ,That necklace complements your
outfit4
  n>"f{1e."ct"bu"f3'b/'n*`iu'ix"b}'d!a
a!"f%"*'q/1-
  ,Dad complimented ,Mom on last night's
dinner4
  o>"o>"bz'hv"m>'m>'h31}`a/`d!a}`jv'ru`
r%`b:'-
  #d4 sample vt4 p?`bx12i:"b:' & n4 i:"
b:'p?`;."p?`
  ,While many of the customers sampled
the chocolate1 few of them bought any4
  e$'gv1s`e|`d3'k/"l!"i:"b:'j{`l!"c*"2
j8"m01k*`k!"gu1mw`-
  ,The company gave out free samples of
their hand lotion4
  kw'k&'e:'q>'e&"mt`q0"d!ar/"i(`g/`i:"6"
p?`-
  #e4 supposedly adv4 k|"i3'2k|"bz'
  f&133 allegedly adv4
  ,Smoking is supposedly a significant
factor which causes lung cancer4
  k|"i3'e*'t'i:"h%"bz1q0"w1d!a*'d>"?'
e/"-
  #f4 attempt n4 & vt4 bx1i:"2j*"f/1
  t`33 in an attempt to ,V i:"f/1
{h3"o"""
  attempt to ,V j*"f/1/ i:"f/1{h3"o"""
  ,Victor worked day and night in an
attempt to finish the project on time4
  $1l!"d3'g:"+"k&'h3"2i:"f/1a=`i:1}1bz1
j*"r9"v"-
  ,The detective attempted to squeeze
more information out of the suspect4
  kw'fv"~1j*"f/1p<"i:`et1qv"f*1k&'kz"d3'
d!ae4"e*1-
  99 squeeze sth out of sb j.`p<"m(`gu1
i3'b/'m(`i:"
  #g4 mouthwatering a4 cy"gu1b$1et1ev'
b:`d!a
  ,Jeff prepared a table of
mouthwatering dishes for his friends4
  k+1q/'a=`o0"c!a*'a3'cy"gu1b$1et1|"d*'
d!ajw"{1cw1a%'dw"f>'d!apz1s`-
  #h4 stuff vt4 ew'mv`;ew'k?"
  t`33 be stuffed with''' ew'mv`"""
  ,This closet is stuffed with my
mother's clothes4
  a!"k!"*'b/1ew'mv`c!a3`m>'m>'d!a*'q/1-
  #i4 finishing touch7es7 h$"r("d!ag="
i:"{j:`b/"d!a touch o{`;-g="i:",dt`a$"-2
a:'*"o
  ,The finishing touch to the party was
when our boss gave all of us envelopes
full of cash4
  h$"r("c%`ov`k0`m0`k!"gu1*'k!"a_'mv`et"
k?'d!ad>"r&1o%'2$"pw"d$"r9"ix"m0`r%`d!a
k|"dt`-
          33333333333333333333
       
    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,The valley's mountainous terrain
offers the perfect climate for making
wine4
  a/"*"
  climate n4 j*"r("{a:`m(`d*"bx1j*1d!a
j*"e."ey1fw"2$1l!`i/`my1j:1o
  o*`k{"
  weather n4 ft'j*"{a:`m(`k!"d*"j|'d!a
d}`j*1j*"e."ey1fw"2$1o/"l!`i/`my1j:1o
  ,The majority of orchids thrive in
tropical climates4
  d>"o/"qu"d!acv1r9'd('iz"lw'|1g!"dw"d*"
j|'-
  99 orchid n4 cv1r9'
  thrive vi4 {a:1/"o a31a_"bz1ax`;{iz'
*"o ey'_"
  ,We've been having nice weather for
the past two weeks4
  k3"j|"c.`k!"ey'j*1*`cw123`mu1a!"c*`d!a
ft'j*"*'a:1d('o/"j3"-
  ky'e~`i:"f*1
  ,Generally1 we have a moderate ----
here1 though it can be very cold in
winter sometimes4
  7,A7 weather 7,B7 atmosphere
  7,C7 climate 7,D7 longitude

  ,Grammar ,Tips ,B ky'e~`i:"f*1d>1v"33
,C

          33333333333333333333
                 
    8,Words to know0
  ? mountainous a4 d3'iv'd!a
  ? fortified wine k)'j.1d!ap/1f%1ks`
  ? fortified a4 j.1r9"d!a
  ? brandy n4 ow1cv1d*" 
  ? spirit n4 c+"ks`
  ? cigar n4 e8`k)'
  ? palate n4 $"k81;!"{l(`j.'n0"a:'dy`
d}'o
  ? sausage n4 e.'bx12c>"bx1
  ? sauce n4 k."a:';f{1$"c{"
  t`33 soy sauce k."s1
  ? drizzle vi4 e>`c3";e)"m%1m%1|`
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 for the purpose of ,V-ing $"c!a"""
m/"d*"
  ,Jenny went to ,Austria for the
purpose of studying music4
  au'n*1$"c!ae81?'8":1j|"%"d*"c*"-
  #b4 specialize in''' a}'mu1j&1i:"/
a}'ky'|1"""
  specialize vi4 a}'k&'2a}'mu1j&1i:"
  ,Mike specializes in designing web
pages for companies in ,Taiwan4
  mw"l!"a}'mu1$"fw1}'k&'e:'i!"k*"_`+"-
  #c4 pair with''' |`"""d>'p0"/ bz1d$"
  ,Sushi is notoriously difficult to
pair with wine4
  a&"e3`a('a:'2i("e:'ru`nv1|`ks`d>'p0"-
  99 notoriously adv4 !"my1a%'ax'd*"
  #d4 knock back'''/ knock''' back
  l_1?`"""{s1a:`ks`ky'?`c{"o
  ,Howard got drunk soon after he
knocked back the bottle of brandy4
  r3"r91*'l(`j*"r!'}1n>"py1ow1cv1d*"2o/"
ks`r("f>'ot"h$"d%`c!a-
  #e4 be topped with''' ix"mt"s`"""2
o0""""q/"kw"
  ,This chocolate ice cream is topped
with crushed peanuts4
  a!"k!"j{`l!"c*"oy'j*1c?1ix"mt"e>`c!a
r9'iz'e$"pt"-
  #f4 no shortage of''' o/"j8'"""
  ,There is no shortage of used cars for
people with small budgets4
  d$"|1|"e}"o/"d3'd!agu1cw1i3'2+`o/"q>1
s`:"i(`b!'l!`k&'e~`h!1-
  #g4 indulge in''' bu1m*1|1"""
  indulge vi4 bu1m*1|1
  ,Duncan indulges in heavy drinking1 so
he can't hold down a job4
  dz"lu`i:"ks`g/1my"2e3`*`o%`o/"a/"gu"
r!1k&'h3"-
  99 hold down a job o%`a/"k&'h3"/ a:1$"
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,For ,Your ,Information0
  o<'d3'i:"k!"q0'bx1i:"r!1k}'k_'d!abz1
i:"- f>'e$'o/"d>"2j8"o/"g&1e{`j|"2?'$"
a!"dv"}1a:'d*"jx1s`c.`k!";-i:"k+"a:'
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dt"a:'*'d!acw1c31i/'dt"- a!"kt'|1 #aijf
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j.`bx"e{'i/'r3"pw1jt'i/'r$"2j~1i:"$"c!a
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d/"c31r!1k/`c.`v"k_`a:1p/1f%12oy"iz'bv`
dx'd*"f!"s`d!ao<'f!"ks`- dx'i:1e3`s`p/1
f%1ks`d('a_'hw"e."m/"f&`n0"2hw"s1*'e%'
e%'e{`b}1t1r!14"e&"a:"o<'d3'2o<'d3'e$"
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  {h:'c{"cw1~133h:"s1i:1o%"o

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
   
#d 8" #af g:" e?'=1y'|`

      ,Australians ,Who ,Eat ,Kangaroo
,Meat
      dw"i/`o%"hz'l %"a('az"q/`k/`c*"i:1
6"dw"i/`g("
  ,According to #bjaf figures from the
,Australian government1 there are almost
twice as many kangaroos as people living
on the continent ,Down ,Under4 ,The
marsupial species is only native to
,Australia1 and there are strict rules
and regulations about hunting them4 ,To
maintain a healthy population of
kangaroos1 there can't be too many or
too few4 ,A certain number of culling
licenses are given out every year1 but
reports say that low trade prices and
demand shortages are stopping commercial
hunters from profiting on the sale of
meat4
  ,As ,Australia's national animal1
killing and eating kangaroos is
stigmatized4 ,Most ,Aussies see it as a
novelty bushmeat for tourists to try on
their visit4 ,As the target of hunters1
kangaroos are most often used for their
leather or hides1 but the meat is lauded
as being low in fat4 ,They also produce
less methane gas than other farm
animals1 which makes them a more
environmentally friendly source of meat4
,Some environmentalists are even
encouraging their fellow ,Australians to
eat more kangaroo4
  ,Professor ,David ,Paton of the
,University of ,Adelaide said1 8,If
we're going to cull these animals1 we do
it humanely1 but we also perhaps should
think about what we might use the
animals that are killed for40 ,He and
other experts say that hunting kangaroos
is an important part of keeping an
ecological balance for the good of the
country's wildlife and land4 ,Opponents
of culling would argue that there is no
evidence that lowering the kangaroo
population has a positive effect on the
environment4 ,Either way1 could kangaroo
steaks be the next eco-friendly food
fad8

  #a4 ,What is the ,Australian
government's role in kangaroo hunting8
  7,A7 ,They think no one should kill
their country's national animal4
  7,B7 ,They issue a limited number of
hunting licenses every year4
  7,C7 ,They are against the eating of
kangaroo meat4
  7,D7 ,They want as many kangaroos dead
as possible4
  #b4 ,What is ,,NOT mentioned as a
benefit of eating kangaroo meat8
  7,A7 ,It is low in fat compared to
other kinds of meat4
  7,B7 ,Kangaroos produce less methane
than cows4
  7,C7 ,Their population numbers in the
wild are high4
  7,D7 ,Killing kangaroos protects
people from being attacked4
  #c4 ,Why are some people against
hunting kangaroos in the wild8
  7,A7 ,They don't think it has a
positive effect on the other wildlife4
  7,B7 ,They believe that kangaroo
populations are dangerously low4
  7,C7 ,They are worried about eating
meat that isn't from kangaroo farms4
  7,D7 ,They don't want tourists hunting
kangaroos4
          33333333333333333333

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a('{ot'v"33$"|1nv1ov"js1d!a%"a('bx1o0"
bz'$1 ,Down ,Under4 k/"my1e:'*"2a!"i:"
a:`%"a('hw"i:"k+"d>"o/"qu"k31k)'d!ae)"
mt"-o gu1l(`d!ac.`o0"- a!"a&`s`dw"d&"/"
k?`$1%"a('e3`f!"s`2{"i("c+"f>'mu1i:"s`t1
k!1d!ak$'h!1k*1q>`k$'- $"c!a$1b:1az"bx1
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fw"i%`- m0`nt1d('r$"q>'qx"f!"dy"i/"c."
d!adw"i/`p/'i>'e|`l!`az"2dv"o%"k%"et`
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az"gx"ix'+"c+"gu1/1q>`j&1e{'i("dw"i/`g("
a&'r3"c*"-
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i:16"dw"i/`cy"%"a('gu1kv`d%"es'b:`- d>"
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l!`*`hw"h%"qx`i:1bx1et'd!a*'a&`e?'j*1+`
$"i:1p?`- h3"$1c+"gu1d!ac+"o/`d$"e."2dw"
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kw'e.`e.`3`mu1l!`nz1r$"i:`6"a!"e+'o0"i>'
rw"d&"/"d!an>`e+'o/"qu"--2 f>'rv"j*1f>'
a}'k)'o{`i:"2c+"i>'dw"i/`i:"$1r/"k31k)'
+`iz'd&"/"k*1f/`d*"c*"*"iz'fw"py1rz1d!a
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a/`ax'2m01s`az"k|"et`i:"k."d*'dw"i/`i/"
c."r$"d$"r}1ky"s`az"mt"d!ay`e.`- o/"k}`
hu`."2dw"i/`g("pw1i:"q(`nz1bz1$1e)"*'k!"
r}1o%`i:1p?`d!ai:1ix"n!ao

  #a4 %"a('az"q/`hw"dw"i/`i("c+"a&'ov"t`
iu1m!ak{`e!"o
  7,A7 f>'mu1gu"$1m01s`gu1y'kw'i>'rw"f>'
mu1d!ak31o%`d&"/"-
  7,B7 f>'mu1m0`nt1q>'qx"*'dy"i/"c."d!a
i("c+"a:1a%"-
  7,C7 f>'mu1qv`d$"i:16"dw"i/`g("-
  7,D7 f>'mu1e*'_"8"d3'dw"i/`e:`_18"r%`-
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az"bx1d!adw"i/`h&`i/"2j*1i/"c."o/"*1fw"
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i/"c."d!adw"i/`p/'i>'e|`l!`az"2k/" 7,B7
e."y'$1az"e~`-
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d!ar%`b/"o
  7,A7 e.'k{"|1j*1f>'g("c0"2f>'a:'qx1rv1
c."d*'-
  7,B7 dw"i/`e3`bv`iz'd!ak)`}1o*`ns1a:'
i%`-
  7,C7 f>'mu1d!a+`iz'i/"c."ru`d3'-
  7,D7 i>'e:`dw"i/`l!`*`o%`r/"gu1mu1mt`
i("k&'k*1-
  f*1k+`33ku'k|"ou`=1d*"*'d}"k*1d*":"
d}"2ku'k|"%"a('az"q/` #bjaf nt1i/"k|"et`
i:"2dx'd*"dw"i/`i/"c."k*'r/'i:"a/"hw"%"
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d*':1o0"i("hv".1- e.'k{"|1j*1f>'d!an&1
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c0"cw1~12k?` 7,D7 e."$"o0"f*1k*12k/"$1
az"e~`-
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dw"i/`o
  7,A7 f>'mu1gu"$1a!"d$"j*1f>'+`iz'd&"/"
m01s`az"mt"d!ay`e.`-
  7,B7 f>'mu1gu"$1dw"i/`d!ai/"c."q0'bx1
d*'-
  7,C7 f>'mu1dv'e?'i:16"q0'cw1h:"dw"i/`
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  f*1k+`33ku'k|"ou`=1h$"r("*'d}"2qv`d$"
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et`i:"k."d*'dw"i/`i/"c."r$"d$"r}1ky"s`
az"mt"d!ay`e.`2k/" 7,A7 e."y'$1az"e~`-

  d>1v"33 #a4 ,B #b4 ,D #c4 ,A
          33333333333333333333
      
    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 kangaroo n4 dw"i/`
  #b4 figure n4 i/"k|"2i/"h:";gu1/";iu'
jw1
  ,According to the figures1 our company
has gained a lot of profit this season4
  ku'k|"i/"k|"et`i:"23`mu1k&'e:'a!"*'k*"
r3"c*"iu"d3'-
  ,Einstein is1 without a doubt1 the
most important figure in the field of
physics4
  w"?'e:'fv`/1*1i:"/"c*`e81k+"h$"a&"{"
d!agu1/"-
  ,In order to become a super model1
,Sarah is always dieting to keep her
figure4
  $"c!abz1$1b%'k*1my1m<12i>'c>'h&`i:"hw"
k+1i:1*`o%`b:1iu'jw1-
  #c4 strict a4 t1k!1d!a;t1c*"d!a
  t`33 be strict with''' d$""""ru`t1c*"
  ,The teacher is strict with every
student he teaches4
  a!"$"c%`i:'d$"e3`k{'d!ae81iz'd('ru`t1
c*"-
  #d4 regulation n4 k$'dy"
  t`33 school regulation e{"k$'
  traffic regulation k{'f&'k$'dy"
  #e4 license n4 a:1a%" & vt4 e|`l!`;q>'
e|`l!`az"
  t`33 driver's license k)"a%"
  be licensed to ,V cy`s`h3""""d!ae|`l!`
{az"o
  ,Sean failed to pay his speeding
tickets1 so his license was revoked4
  ix"u'm01s`k{`k{'b%'e/"q>1l}`2?'j:`f>'
d!aa:1a%"o0"d{"e{'c!a-
  99 revoke vt4 b!"e{'2b!"r$1;q0"b/12j|`
e{'
  ,The company was licensed to produce
the drug in mass quantities4
  n>"k)'k&'e:'r3"d!1d>"c."a:"h%"kw'a&"{"
/"d!aa:1a%"-
  #f4 novelty n4 e?'j*1{d!ai:"/"o
  t`33 novel a4 e?'j*1d!a & n4 e{`i3'
  a novel idea e?'j*1d!adt`h:a
  #g4 humanely adv4 gu1d%"d*"
  t`33 humane a4 gu1d%"d!a
  ,Prisoners of war must be treated
humanely4
  av"q/1o*"e|'i("d%"gu1d%"d!ad$"dw"-
  ,This group advocates the humane
treatment of all animals4
  kw'f}1f*`f*1bx"*`gu1d%"d!aqx'i:"d$"dw"
e3`s`d!ad&"/"-
  99 advocate vt4 f*1bx"2bx"d%`
  #h4 ecological a4 iz'fw"d!a
  ,The destruction of the forests will
have serious ecological consequences4
  a!"e+'eu'c?1d!ar$`r7"k.'r$"h%"bz1iz'
fw"ix"d!at1a&"r("k3`-
  99 destruction n4 r$`r7"
  #i4 opponent n4 qv`d$"a!`;d$"i(`2d*1
i(`
  ,Mark outsmarted his opponent and won
the chess championship4
  m>`l!"a:"j|`d$"i(`:1y1d!1c{`e*'.1j*1
ew"k}"k4'-
  99 outsmart vt4 *`k*'a:"iz"k3"
  #aj4 fad n4 *'i:1d!aqz'ix"
  ,Rap music proved to be more than just
a passing fad4
  i:"i:1az"my12g%1i!1?'8"oy"q0'*'i:1d!a
qz'ix"-
  #aa4 issue vt4 r!1q>';q>'o/"
  ,The ,United ,States issued over one
million green cards last year4
  j|"nt1m0`k31r!1q>'b%'k3"*'ow`}"ax'd!a
c|"l>`-
  ,The board of directors issued an
announcement about the merger4
  d&`i:"r$"q>'o/"k&'e:'r!1oy"d!ak&'k%"-
  99 merger n4 {k&'e:'o r!1oy"
  #ab4 dangerously adv4 q0'bx1;$1et`d*"
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  ? continent n4 a('2d>"c/"
  ? marsupial n4 s`dw"d&"/"
  ? cull vt4 p/'i>'{ou`=1$1et"hw"qu'j:1
h3"ey1g&1j:16"o
  ? stigmatize vt4 i:`kv`d%"es'b:`;m+"
i:"{ou`=1$1k3"j|"qu'j:1h3"ey1g&1j:16"o
  ? ,Aussie n4 %"a('gu1
  ? bushmeat n4 +`$"
  ? leather n4 {d&"/"d!ao p*12p*1k!1
  ? hide n4 p*1k!1 & vt4 o>`"""jx1j*`
cw1 & vi4 d3`jx1
  t`33 hide ,A from ,B k.' ,A jx1j*`cw1
*`mt`o0" ,B q>'et"
  hide from''' d3`o*""""
  ? methane n4 k)`}1
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 be native to''' i:""""f!"s`d!a2~1
bv`|1"""
  f&133 be indigenous to'''
  indigenous a4 dx'd*"d!a2f/`iz'f/`ax`
d!a
  ,Koalas are native to ,Australia4
  /1$`e61i:"%"a('e3`f!"s`-
  ,The ,Komodo dragon is indigenous to
,Indonesia4
  l!'m<"d3'e*'*"~1bv`|1?"n*1-
  #b4 give out'''/ give''' out q>'e&"/
qu'q>'"""
  ,A person is giving out free balloons
in front of the ,,MRT station4
  s`gu1az"hw"k+14"av"jt1q>'e&"mt`q0"d!a
j*"js1-
  ,Sally helps give out food to homeless
people at the shelter4
  i>'c*"ox'mx1qu'q>'i:1/"k0`i('g&1e3`d!a
s1m?1-
  #c4 be lauded as''' o0"|"$1"""
  laud vt4 bz'hv"
  ,The warriors were lauded as heroes
who saved the country4
  n>"e+'av"i:"o0"|"$1az`ks"k31k)'d!ay'
e61-
  99 warrior n4 av"i:"2d("i:"
  #d4 encourage sb to ,V k/`c*"m(`gu1
h3""""
  encourage vt4 k/`c*"
  t`33 encouraging a4 au"qu"gu1e?'d!a
  ,Mom encouraged me to go to graduate
school for further study4
  m>'m>'k/`c*"3`nt"t1ks"e3`iu'h%"-
  ,Much to our delight1 most of the
feedback we received from our customers
was positive and encouraging4
  cy"3`mu1q0'bx1k%'ey"d!ai:"23`mu1j&1k/"
l!"n>"c*`i('d%"d!ar$1y"d>"o/"qu"i:"az"
mt"j+`au"qu"gu1e?'d!a-
  #e4 be compared to''' rv""""o*`j*`cw1
  ,When the author's early writing is
compared to what she's done recently1
there is a very big difference4
  o>`a!"$"h3"k)'h%`nt1d!ah3"p?`n>1cw1rv"
k?"j*1d!ae.'o*`2j*1a&'s`ru`d>"d!ab>'*"-
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,For ,Your ,Information0
  dw"i/`i:"%"a('d!ae."az'/"2b/'et"hw"%"
a('k31r$'k*1*'e+'%"a('r3"o*"f/1v"ix"-
dw"i/`b/'iz'i:1q0'bx1e{`2d>"8'a:`s`*'c*"
r9'iz'm*`d>"2bz1nt1dw"i/`d!aiu'k%'d>"8'
$1*'dt`cs"m*`2f*`a&"l!`*`d>1d%"/`i:1k&'
k?'-
  dw"i/`6"e)"a:'f{"d&"2ou'p%`e/"d/"q0'
bx1l7"2i:1e/"l!`d>1/`i:1k&'c*`*`ix"- :1
f>'mu1;-d3'k&'nz1-2 d!a$`o>'h3"6"q0'bx1
d>"2hw"es'e*1i:1l!`*`a:'bz'|1d*"2|`i_'
e)"a:'k&"f&1d>1d%"py1rz1iu'f*`d!ah3"6";
p%`d&"i:12f>'mu1d!a$`o>'kz"i:"a&"{"d!a
py1rz1k&'k|";cy"7"2dw"i/`$`o>'rw1i:"a&"
{"d!ak?"k&'|`qx1$"/`j*"-
  {h:'c{"cw1~133$1k*'ow`l!'o

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#c 8" #ag g:" k+`e*'=1q>`

      d*"cs"ax' i:1fw"k*1|`fw"
      d*"*'k+1 i:1fw"
  #h4 i:`6"et"hw"k?"ey1i:"d!ai:1k*'
  a/`j:1+ is/ am/ are+ et"hw"qu'j:1
  7is/ am/ are *"bz1;-az"hw"-27
  a4 6"*`o{`i:"et"hw"az"hw"h3"d!ad&"
h3"33
  ,He is writing a letter4
  f>'az"hw"e+`*'qz'e?"-
  ,What are you doing8
  n*`az"hw"h3"iu1m!ao
  ,He's taking a trip now4
  f>'et"hw"az"hw"c|`s1-
  ,I'm doing the laundry4
  3`az"hw"e*`*'q/1-
  b4 6"*`o{`i:"k*1k.'q>'iz'd!ad&"h3"2bx1
|`o{`$"cw1d!aq/"j:1oy"6"2j:`i:1 is/ am/
are *"bz1;-k*1k.'-233
  ,He's 7.k ,He is7 coming today4
  .k ,He will be coming today4
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this time tomorrow4
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  ,I came07
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the east4
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  c*" #a ,Joseph ---- a speech about
mental health today4
  7,A7 to be given 7,B7 will be giving
  7,C7 to give 7,D7 giving
  c*" #b ,My brother ---- playing video
games when ,I came home from school4
  7,A7 will be 7,B7 had been
  7,C7 will 7,D7 has been
  
  d>1v"33 #a4 ,B #b4 ,B

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#d 8" #ah g:" pt'ax'k+1k("

      ,Rainbow ,Flags ,Fly ,Proud
      jw`r&1p{'dx" k{'%"q0'.1

  ,By ,Ivy ,Liu
  8,Flags are torn from the soul of the
people40- ,Gilbert ,Baker
  ;-a!"a&`j*1a:"i:"j&1gu1mu1d!acy1r=1a&'
e:'c+":1iz'd!a--2"1k*1:`o<1f!"-o0"l!"

  ,Rainbows are one of nature's most
remarkable optical illusions to behold4
7#a---7 ,From the ,Chinese mythological
goddess ,Nuwa's sealing of the sky with
different-colored stones and bridges
between ,Earth and ,Heaven to the
,Greco-,Roman goddess ,Iris1 and the
,Irish belief that leprechauns
deliberately hide pots of gold at the
end of them1 rainbows are referred to
everywhere4 7#b---7
  ,Rainbows have also been prominently
featured on flags for generations4 ,Long
before being recognized worldwide as a
symbol of ,,LGBTQ pride1 which was
designed by artist ,Gilbert ,Baker in
#aigh1 the vibrant banner has been used
for other historical movements as a
symbol of hope or social change4 7#c---7
,The ,Flag of ,Cusco is another
variation of the rainbow flag used to
symbolize the indigenous ,Inca people in
,Peru and ,Bolivia4 ,Rainbow flags were
even used as a symbol of peace in ,Italy
and ,Greece in #aifa during anti-nuclear
weapons protests4
  ,However1 the rainbow flag is most
popular as a symbol of gay pride4
7#d---7 ,Originally there were pink
triangles1 but that design was used by
the ,Nazis during the ,Holocaust to
brand ,,LGBTQ people4 7#e---7 ,It was
unveiled at the ,Gay ,Freedom ,Day
,Parade in #aigh1 and the rest is
history4

  7,A7 ,It came into fruition when
,Baker was tasked by ,Harvey ,Milk1 the
first openly gay elected official in a
major city in the ,,US1 to rebrand
pride4
  7,B7 ,As you can see1 rainbows have
long had a place in mythology1 religion1
and culture4
  7,C7 ,Not wanting to revisit the
painful past1 ,Baker decided to use the
rainbow to represent the diverse
ethnicities1 ages1 and genders of the
gay community4
  7,D7 ,For example1 the ,Buddhist flag
consists of rainbow colors and was made
back in #ahhe to represent the religion
in ,Sri ,Lanka4
  7,E7 ,The ,,NRL has responded to
reports it has banned rainbow flags from
,Sunday's ,Grand ,Final1 saying they
will allow them unless they exceed the
size requirement4
  7,F7 ,It is a spectrum of colors
formed in the presence of water droplets
and sunlight4
          33333333333333333333

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k81j3"k81a:'*'- a!"i:"hw"i$`d*'rv".1k_'
d!aj=1hw"e)"ey1bz1d!a*'e*"c+"t1e!"- jw`
r&1/1b/"o/"hw"2j&1a&'k31iu1r9"d!an|`iu1
n|`9'*`o/"f&1t1e!"d!ai:1f(1o/`ft',ft'd*"
a:'kt'd!aj{1c.1,e*'c>"c31m>`d!an|`iu1*'
c*"e:'2d%"w":`cv1d!ae?".`a&'2c>'o/"c+"
lx'{ot'v"33s"bz'w`ky'cy12$1w":`cv1s`my1
d!ab}1i3'iz'/"-o r$"l!"*"o>`a_'s`r_1k?'
d!ak}"h:ajx1hw"jw`r&1d!ak?"f(1- az"g/1
n*`e3`kt"2jw`r&1bx1j*1*`cw1hw"iu1r9",h&'
k{"rv"=1r9"ix"d('av"s`*'e*1a:'d*"-
  i/"k!"i:"dw"*`cw12jw`r&1d!af!"dt`+`f/1
et`hw"j*1a:"ix"- jw`r&1j*1|1 #aigh nt1s1
*"i/"k)'k*1:`o<1f!"-o0"l!"e3`i!"k*"2h%`
hw"o0"i:"k+"k!"d*"gu"$1i:"dw"o{` ,,LGBTQ
7ot'v"33 ,,LGBTQ i:"y'=1n|`f&1ey"ct"a!`
7,Lesbian71 nv1f&1ey"ct"a!` 7,Gay71 i_'
ey"ct"a!` 7,Bisexual7 |`l9"ey"o+1a!`
7,Transgender7 d!ai(`$"h:"m/`2h:"m/`
8,Q0 h!1dw"o{`l/":1 7,Queer7 rv"/ r3"d$"
j*1ey"o+1gu"f&1kv`d%"*1r3"d!agu1
7,Questioning747 d!ak{'%"a:'jt12a!"a&`
b&'mv`r31c*"d!aj*1a:"*`o0"4"6"hw"j*1f>'
c*"i:`4"d&"a&'2h3"$1e*'_"r3"i!"r$"ot"k!1
d!ae."az'- c*"g/12q<1k{"d!aj*1a:"|1
#ahhe nt1o0"a:"bz1*`dw"o{`e:'c*`cv1l>`
d!ah&'k{"2j*1s1jw`r&1d!at1e!"e3`h/`bz1-
l/"e:'l!'{ot'v"33$"|1m*"c/`d&'nv1qx'd!a
bz1i:"-o d!aj*1a:"h!1i:"jw`r&1j*1d!acy"
*'k!"ot"f*`26"*`e."az'm*"c/`rv"o<'c*"$1
)"d!af/`a/"?"k)'gu1- hw" #aifa nt1qv`r!1
/`lx"*"a&'2jw`r&1j*1iu"a:"|1*"d>"c*"rv"
e*'c>"o0"6"cw1h3"$1r!1py1d!ae."az'-
  gv1:12jw`r&1j*1h$"p/`ot"d!a6"f/1m<"k3"
|1h3"$1f&1a:"k{'%"d!ae."az'- dx'o0"l!"
i("d%"r>'$1-m*`:`l!"{m0`k31a/`{"bz1i:"
a&'d*"*'$"k&'lw'f&1ey"ct"iu'qu"d!am?1e~`
k}'~1o e3`f3'q/"b&1e?'e/"h%"f&1a:"k{'%"
d!aey1e."2jw`r&1j*1jw1h(`g/"et"i:1- h$"
b/'s`qu`r&1e!"d!aev'k{`ey12dv"a!"a&`i!"
k*"hw"d>"f/1i>'j*1kt'o0"n>"j$"dx`i:`6"
cw1o{'k*" ,,LGBTQ d!agu1mu1- ?'$"o/"e.`
{"b&1='n>"f&"l/`d!ak3"j|"2o0"l!"k81dy"6"
jw`r&1cw1dw"o{`f&1a:"i!"j41d!ao/"f&1h/1
j41,nt1cy1*`k*1ey"o+1- f>'hw" #aigh nt1
d!aks"k?'iv'f&1a:"k{'%"d>"s1ey1a&'i(`j:"
c."e."2k+'e)"cw1ks"i:"d>"k)':`i/1nz1e.1
d!ai:"c!a-

  d>1v"33 #a4 ,F #b4 ,B #c4 ,D #d4 ,A
#e4 ,C
          33333333333333333333
                
    &~1cw1g/1j:`y
  #a4 d*"*'f*1l&"k!1y'e~` 7,F7
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1*'k|"f*1k*1 8,Rainbows are
one of nature's most remarkable optical
illusions to behold40 {jw`r&1i:"d>"h:"
gv1a&'h$"b/'e!"d!ai:"k81j3"k81a:'*'-o2:1
7,F7 e."k|"h:af*1k*1 8,It is a spectrum
of colors formed in the presence of
water droplets and sunlight40 {a!"i:"hw"
i$`d*'rv".1k_'d!aj=1hw"e)"ey1bz1d!a*'e*"
c+"t1e!"-o2 7,F7 e."k|"h:ad!a a spectrum
of colors formed in the presence of
water droplets and sunlight {hw"i$`d*'
rv".1k_'d!aj=1hw"e)"ey1bz1d!a*'e*"c+"t1
e!"o a:`d!ak*1i:"jt1*'k|"d!a ,Rainbows
{jw`r&1o2k/"ey1bz1k}'ct1-
  b4 ku'k|"ix"i/"2 7,F7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  d>"o/`}1
  a4 spectrum n4 k_'p/`
  b4 presence n4 b/'et"2hw"bx`
  t`33 in one's presence hw"m(`gu1hw"bx`
i:1
  c4 droplet n4 e{`i$`d*'
  #b4 d*":"f*1l&"k!1y'e~` 7,B7
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1*'k|"f*1k*1 8,From the
,Chinese mythological goddess ,Nuwa's
sealing of the sky with
different-colored stones''' rainbows are
referred to everywhere40 7jw`r&1/1b/"o/"
hw"2j&1a&'k31iu1r9"d!an|`iu1n|`9'*`o/"
f&1t1e!"d!ai:1f(1o/`ft'"""71 :1 7,B7 e."
k|"h:af*1k*1 8,As you can see1 rainbows
have long had a place in mythology1
religion1 and culture40 {az"g/1n*`e3`
kt"2jw`r&1bx1j*1*`cw1hw"iu1r9",h&'k{"rv"
=1r9"ix"d('av"s`*'e*1a:'d*"-o2jt1r("c.`
k|"k+'f*1k*1jw`r&1hw"iu1r9",h&'k{"rv"=1
r9"a&'d!ad*"$"2k/"ey1bz1k}'ct1-
  b4 ku'k|"ix"i/"2 7,B7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  d>"o/`}1
  a4 ,As you can see1''' az"g/1n*`e3`
kt"2"""
  ,As you can see1 this apartment is
fully furnished4
  az"g/1n?1e3`kt"2a!"kt'k&'|"d!ak)'k|"
d('p0"o0"j*1j~1-
  b4 have a place in''' hw""""av"s`d*"
$"
  #c4 d*"ev'f*1l&"k!1y'e~` 7,D7
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1*'k|"f*1k*1 8''' the
vibrant banner has been used for other
historical movements as a symbol of hope
or social change40 7"""a!"a&`b&'mv`r31
c*"d!aj*1a:"*`o0"4"6"hw"j*1f>'c*"i:`4"
d&"a&'2h3"$1e*'_"r3"i!"r$"ot"k!1d!ae."
az'-71 :1 7,D7 e."k|"h:af*1k*1 8,For
example1 the ,Buddhist flag consists
of rainbow colors and was made back in
#ahhe to represent the religion in ,Sri
,Lanka40 {c*"g/12q<1k{"d!aj*1a:"|1 #ahhe
nt1o0"a:"bz1*`dw"o{`e:'c*`cv1l>`d!ah&'
k{"2j*1s1jw`r&1d!at1e!"e3`h/`bz1-o2 7,D7
e."k|"h:ad!a flag {j*1a:"o |`jt1*'k|"d!a
banner {j*1a:"o r/"e.'r/'y"2k/"ey1bz1
k}'ct1-
  b4 ku'k|"ix"i/"2 7,D7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  d>"o/`}1
  consist of''' s1"""h/`bz1
  ,This organization consisted of people
from all walks of life4
  a!"k!"h/`a:'i:"s1cw1h:"k!"rx1k!"+"d!a
gu1i:"e3`h/`bz1-
  99 from all walks of life cw1h:"k!"rx1
k!"+"
  #d4 d*"e:"f*1l&"k!1y'e~` 7,A7
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1*'k|"f*1k*1 8,However1 the
rainbow flag is most popular as a symbol
of gay pride40 {gv1:12jw`r&1j*1h$"p/`ot"
d!a6"f/1m<"k3"|1h3"$1f&1a:"k{'%"d!ae."
az'-o2:1 7,A7 e."k|"h:af*1k*1 8,It came
into fruition when ,Baker was tasked by
,Harvey ,Milk''' to rebrand pride40 {dx'
o0"l!"i("d%"r>'$1-m*`:`l!""""e3`f3'q/"
b&1e?'e/"h%"f&1a:"k{'%"d!aey1e."2jw`r&1
j*1jw1h(`g/"et"i:1-o2 7,A7 e."k|"h:ad!a
,It a:`d!ak*1i:"jt1*'k|"d!a the rainbow
flag {jw`r&1j*1o2k/"ey1bz1k}'ct1-
  b4 ku'k|"ix"i/"2 7,A7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  d>"o/`}1
  a4 come into fruition s`bz1k3`;i:1et"
  fruition n4 bz1k3`;i:1et"
  b4 task vt4 f3'q/";pw"jt`gu"/"
  #e4 d*"/`f*1l&"k!1y'e~` 7,C7
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1*'k|"f*1k*1 8,Originally
there were pink triangles1 but that
design was used by the ,Nazis during the
,Holocaust to brand ,,LGBTQ people40
{h$"b/'s`qu`r&1e!"d!aev'k{`ey12dv"a!"a&`
i!"k*"hw"d>"f/1i>'j*1kt'o0"n>"j$"dx`i:`
6"cw1o{'k*" ,,LGBTQ d!agu1mu1-o2:1 7,C7
e."k|"h:af*1k*1 8,Not wanting to revisit
the painful past1 ,Baker decided to use
the rainbow to represent the diverse
ethnicities1 ages1 and genders of the
gay community40 {?'$"o/"e.`{"b&1='n>"f&"
l/`d!ak3"j|"2o0"l!"k81dy"6"jw`r&1cw1dw"
o{`f&1a:"i!"j41d!ao/"f&1h/1j41,nt1cy1*`
k*1ey"o+1-o2 7,C7 e."k|"h:ad!a the
painful past {f&"l/`d!ak3"j|"o a:`d!ak*1
i:"jt1*'k|"d!a the ,Holocaust {d>"f/1
i>'o2k/"ey1bz1k}'ct1-
  b4 ku'k|"ix"i/"2 7,C7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  d>"o/`}1
  a4 diverse a4 d3'~1d!a;d3'."r9"d!a
  b4 ethnicity n4 h/1j41
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,Words to know0
  ? optical a4 i:"k81d!a
  ? illusion n4 j3"k812k)`e.";r}"k81
  ? mythological a4 iu1r9"d!a
  t`33 mythology n4 iu1r9"{k*1r!1my1j:12
o/"l!`i/`o
  ? seal vt4 m*"qz'2qz'a/"{ou`=1$1d&"my1
j:16"q>`o
  ? vibrant a4 b&'mv`iz'my"c*"/ r31c*"
d!a
  ? banner n4 j*1a:"2bx1o/"f{1
  ? anti-nuclear a4 qv`r!1d!a
  ? brand vt4 o{'k*";?"ix'o{'|1 & n4 ix'
o{'
          33333333333333333333
      
    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 refer to''' f*1d%"/ a:`d!ai:""""
  t`33 refer to ,A as ,B k.' ,A bz'h3"
,B
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during his presentation4
  a!"my1k.`a!`hw"f>'d!akt`o%"a&'f*1d%"
c!a*'k!"a:'my1v"c*"-
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best friend4
  rv"l!"h&`i:"i3'f>'d!ak(`i:"f>'h$"{"r%`
d!apz1s`-
  #b4 be recognized as''' o0"k&'gu"/
gu"l!`$1"""
  recognize vt4 gu"dy";gu"b/'
  ,After years of hard work1 ,Vickie was
finally recognized as a leader in her
department4
  $1j*1e?'j?1k&'h3"d3'nt1r("2a&'|1d!1d%"
gu"l!`:1bz1$1o/"mu1a/`k}`-
          33333333333333333333
    
    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 tear vt4 e:'lw';b!`p<"
  7ev'fw"$133 tear1 tore1 torn7
  t`33 tear''' up o>`"""e:'c+"/ b!`p<"
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he wasn't given what he asked for4
  n>"k!"t`~1?'$"d!1d%"f>'e3`{'js1d!adw"
|":1k.'r!18'i/'e:'r$`-
  #b4 remarkable a4 a318"d!a;q0'qv1d!a
  ,The remarkable film only took five
weeks to shoot4
  a!"o/"c{`o/"j*`d!adt"y`a:`r9'c!a/`k!"
ey'j*1pw'i!"-
  #c4 behold vt4 lv"
  t`33 a sight to behold a:1d!ak}'ix`d!a
ky`/"
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to behold4
  n>"h3"eu'c?1d!am0`ky`a:1d!ak}'ix`-
  #d4 deliberately adv4 k/"*"d*"
  f&133 on purpose
  ,I'm sure ,David was deliberately
trying to embarrass me during the
meeting4
  3`j8"dy"d>"$"hw"lw'r$"i:1i:"k/"*"gx"3`
nv1lv'-
  #e4 prominently adv4 et`a/"d*"
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been prominently featured in this
program4
  j~1js1n}`r9"="f*1i:"kw'k+1m/"d*"a/`
a(1-
  99 feature vt4 *`"""$1a/`{"n0"g&1
  #f4 symbol n4 e."az'
  t`33 as a symbol of''' h3"$1"""d!ae."
az'
  ,As a symbol of our friendship1 ,I'd
like to give you this gift4
  3`{"e&"n*`a!"qu"c*`/"*`h3"$"3`mu1s`*1
d!ae."az'-
  #g4 historical a4 s`k}'c*"i:`d!a
  ,My collection of books varies from
historical novels to science fiction4
  3`d!ajx1i/'j&1c*"i:`e{`i3'd%"l!'r}"e{`
i3'd('s`-
  #h4 movement n4 {i!"r$"r3"az"a:"d!ao
4"d&"
  ,The ,Civil ,Rights ,Movement brought
great changes to the ,,US in many
aspects4
  m?1j~14"d&"hw"e|`d3'jz1mt"ix"$"m0`k31
dw"cw1ru`d>"d!akw`ot"-
  99 aspect n4 jz1mt"2qx'mt"
  #i4 variation n4 ot"f*`;ot"r9"
  ,Three variations of that song are
popular now4
  n>"i(`k!'d!aev'a&`ov`ou`et"hw"d('ru`
cs1ey1-
  #aj4 indigenous a4 ~1a/"m?1d!a;dx'd*"
d!a
  t`33 be indigenous to+ d*"qx' i:"m(`
d*"f!"s`d!a
  ,This kind of plant is indigenous to
,South ,Africa4
  a!"a&`a:1/"i:"nv1q0'f!"s`d!a-
  #aa4 unveil vt4 i:`"""c."e.";k+'lw'
  ,The scientists unveiled a new drug to
help stop the spread of cancer4
  a!"e+'l!'e81k)'k&'o/"*'a&`s`a/"|1qx1
a:`w1az"mv"t1d!ae?'{"-
          33333333333333333333

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#d 8" #ai g:" f/1o{`i:"e+`h3"

      ,Reasons ,Why ,High ,School
,Students ,Exercise
      k%'a&'iz'4"d&"d!a~1?'
  8a/ the majority of'''0 d!a6"q>`

  &f*1i:"y
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et"d!an0"g&12d*":"d}"h!1e|"i/"n*`lw'i:`
4"d&"d!a~1?'*`k*1j&1i:"iu1m!a4"d&"- e+`
h3"a:`d%`f/1o{`i:"e+`h3"d!aa&"dt`hw"|1
ku'k|"f/1o{`e3`f*1k&'d!ai/"k|"r3"=1h:"
dz`e4"e*12k.'a:'a}`r}"bz1=1h:"2oy"i3'my1
kw'f/1o{`e3`bz1et"d!an0"g&1- hw"qu'e*'
f/1o{`n0"g&1a:'r("2l!`j&1a&'a%`e41kw'f/1
o{`n0"g&1|`h:"iu'ky't"i:"q(`s`e.'e:"r3"
e.'*"a:'b/"2hw"k)'*`bv`i/"- f/1o{`i:"e+`
h3"s`*`e)"ev'k!"a&"dt`33
  #a4 h:`e*"iu`f*133
  *'ax'f/1o{`a&'l!`nz1o%'rv1ru`d3'h:'
e4"2dv"o/"e|'j~1mt"d!am{1i/"f/1o{`2:1i:"
au'd$"f/1o{`n0"d!am(`e+'n0"g&1k?"ey1a&"
dt`i:"d!am{1i/"|`qu'e*'- ?'j:`2hw"e)"o*`
jt1y'et'h:`e*"qu'e*'f/1o{`e3`{"bz1et"d!a
a&"dt`2jw1nz1az"j8"j+`kt`{"d!ai3'my1kw'
f/1o{`d!an0"g&1-
  #b4 a&"dt`i:"m{1i/"f/1o{`33
  *'ov':1t12o/"e|'{"k|"e*"m*`*1d!am{1i/"
f/1o{`ix"d!ak!"e."i/"k|"2:1i:"y'h:`e*"
k}'b>1f/1o{`a&'i/"k|"d!aot"r9"2hw"o*`k{"
r3"k$'n>"a:'r("2a%`b/'j*1a&'h$"k|"dw"o{`
ey"d!ak*`k!"i/"k|"2oy"k)'*`i3'my1a!"e+'
i/"k|"e3`dw"o{`d!aet"e."-
  #c4 |`h:"iu'ky't"ct1k+133
  kt`i/"f/1o{`e3`bz1et"d!aet"e."a:'r("2
hw"|`h:"iu'd!aiz'r31ky't"h3"ct1k+12a%`
b/'j*1a&'d!ae.'e:"r3"e.'*"b/"- k+'a!ahw"
k?"*'o/"i3'my1|`f/1o{`a&'e.'e:"r3"e.'*"
d!a~1?'$1r!1-

  &d&"d&"n%`y
  c*"6" #b,W 7,What+ ,Why7
  d*"*'d}" ,What does the pie chart
show8
  d*":"d}" ,Why did you start
exercising8 ,What kind of workout do you
do8
  k+1c="k|" ,Now that ,I have developed
this good habit of regular exercise1 ,I
plan to keep it up for the rest of my
life4

  &d>"kx'y
  d*"*'d}"33 ,While most people know
exercising is important1 their reasons
for doing so vary quite a bit4
  a4 ,Losing weight tops the list of
reasons for working out among ,Taiwanese
high school students1 at #cb`04
  b4 ,In second place is staying fit1
chosen by #bg`0 of respondents4
  c4 ,Other motivations include
exercising as a fun pastime 7#ai`071
keeping one's figure 7#ab`071 and
building muscle tone 7#aj`074
  d*":"d}"33 ,When ,I began exercising
regularly a few years ago1 ,I saw it as
a way to lose some weight and become
healthier4
  a4 ,I chose yoga because it is a not a
high intensity type of workout4
  b4 ,My decision to exercise in an
attempt to lose weight means that ,I
have a lot in common with the majority
of ,Taiwanese high school students4
  k+1c="k|"33 ,Now that ,I have
developed this good habit of regular
exercise1 ,I plan to keep it up for the
rest of my life4
          33333333333333333333
      
    &f/1o{`i:"qv"=1y
  ,While most people know exercising is
important1 their reasons for doing so
vary quite a bit4 ,As one can see from
the pie chart1 losing weight tops the
list of reasons for working out among
,Taiwanese high school students1 at
#cb`04 ,In second place1 not
surprisingly1 is staying fit1 chosen by
#bg`0 of respondents4 ,Other motivations
include exercising as a fun pastime
7#ai`071 keeping one's figure 7#ab`071
and building muscle tone 7#aj`074
  ,When ,I began exercising regularly a
few years ago1 ,I saw it as a way to
lose some weight and become healthier4
,I chose yoga because it is a not a high
intensity type of workout1 but it is
still good for burning fat4 ,My decision
to exercise in order to drop a few
pounds means that ,I have a lot in
common with the majority of ,Taiwanese
high school students4 ,Now that ,I have
developed this good habit of regular
exercise1 ,I plan to keep it up for the
rest of my life4
          33333333333333333333
     
  e$'gv1d>"d3'i/"gu1d('a:'d%"4"d&"ru`a&"
{"2dv"m0`k!"gu14"d&"d!a~1?'d('o/"fw"*'
."- j&1a!"ax'~1oy`f/1l!`*`lv"b/'2kt`a&"
k%'k|'fw1}'k%'a&'iz'4"d&"~1?'a:'i(`2av"
c!a #cb`04 o/"b/'e3`c{"2j*1j:"i:"$"c!a
o%`b:1kt"lx'2s` #bg`0 d!ai("qx`a!`e~`
h!1- j*1f>'d&"k*'o%'k9'k.'4"d&"dx"h3"*'
e."s`j|"d!ae{'jt` 7#ai`071 $1b:1iu'jw1
7#ab`07 *`k*1hz'k?"k*'g("k+1i:1 7#aj`074
  dx'3`k*`nt1jt1lw'i:`k$'c|"4"d&"i:123`
o>`f>'dx"h3"*'a&`kt`a&"k*1ot"d!akz"kt"
lx'd!aqx'i:"- 3`e~`h!1|1k)'2?'$"f>'o/"
i:"*'a&`k%'j.1d/"d!ad}"ct"2dv"gz1s`a/"|1
gv1i%'a:'qx1- 3`$"c!akt`d{"k*`ox":14"d&"
d!ak81dy"*"$"a!a3`|`d>"d3'i/"fw1}'k%'a&'
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k$'c|"4"d&"d!ar%`e*1k}"23`d>`e}"hw"_`r("
d!agu1iz'k*"e|"o%`b:1a!"k!"e*1k}"-
          33333333333333333333
      
    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,My decision to exercise in order to
drop a few pounds means that ,I have a
lot in common with the majority of
,Taiwanese high school students4
  a/"*"
  a/ the majority of''' d>"d3'i/"d!a"""
  qv`33 a/ the minority of''' i%`i/"
d!a"""
  majority n4 d3'i/"
  minority n4 i%`i/"
  ,The majority of fruits sold at this
market are locally grown4
  kw'i:"bx`e{'i("d!ad>"d3'i/"i$`k3`d('
i:"dx'd*"a&"a:1d!a-
  ,Only a minority of the class voted
for the plan4
  ov'ix"a:`s`i%`i/"gu1f(1p{"hv"bz1a!"e."
k*"r9"-
  99 vote for''' f(1p{"hv"bz1"""
          33333333333333333333
      
    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 vary vi4 e.'*"
  t`33 vary in''' hw""""{qx'mt"o s`e3`
o/"f&1
  ,The rings vary in size and color1 so
take your time to pick out the one you
like4
  a!"e+'k+"a:`s`o/"f&1d!ab:`j="rv"t1e!"2
e3`*`n*`mv"mv"f{'*'k!"n*`e*`r}'d!a-
  99 pick out''' f{'e~`"""
  #b4 top vt4 k|'"""a:'i(`;b%'k3"
  t`33 top the list hw"my1dv'ix"$"k|'d*"
*'my1
  ,When it comes to hazardous careers1
firefighters1 police officers1 and coal
miners top the list4
  fv1d%"$1et`a:1+"2e{'qx1~1,ky`b>1k*1l_"
k&'my1c+"jt1m%1-
  99 hazardous a4 s`$1et`d!a
  coal n4 m01fv"
  ,Our company's sales topped those of
our main rival4
  3`mu1k&'e:'d!ae{'i("c."b%'k3"3`mu1d!a
a/`{"ky"az'd$"i(`-
  #c4 fit a4 kt"lx'd!a & vi4 & vt4 i:"
r!1
  t`33 fit in with''' g&1r!1/ i:"r!1"""
  fit in well e.'b/`g&1j)";i:"y"c.1r%`
  ,To stay fit1 you should exercise on a
regular basis4
  n*`y'kw'k$'c|"4"d&"cw1o%`b:1kt"lx'-
  ,That old building didn't fit in with
the modern skyscrapers on the same
block4
  n>"d&"c%`ks"kt"a/1ku'f&1*'k+'j|'d!aet"
dw"m<1ft'd>"c(1k!1k!1o/"g/"-
  99 skyscraper n4 m<1ft'd>"c(1
  ,You really seem to be fitting in well
with your new classmates4
  n*`e:"r/'au'd!a|`e?'f&1e81e.'b/`g&1
j)"-
  ,That outfit really fits the model
well4
  n>"f%"q/1a_'au'd!aru`i:"r!1n>"my1m<1
f!":1-
  #d4 motivation n4 d&"k*'
  ,I have no motivation to finish the
project because ,I'm not interested in
it4
  3`f*1o/"j*`k?"}1bz1a!"e."j*"r9"2?'$"3`
d$"f>'o/"kv`ey"j|"-
  #e4 pastime n4 e{'jt`2|1c!"
  ,Vincent's favorite pastime is playing
video games at home4
  =1eu'h$"w"d!ae{'jt`ks"i:"hw"k)'d>`dt"
}1-
  #f4 figure n4 iu'jw12f*`ey1
  ,Sarah got her figure back three
months after giving birth to her baby
girl4
  i>'c>'hw"iz'}1n|`:1d!aev'k!"8"r("ks"
r$'q/"iu'jw1c!a-
  #g4 intensity n4 j.1d/"
  t`33 intense a4 j.1c+"d!a2k|"c+"d!a
  ,Richard couldn't stand the intensity
of the sound4
  c*`b>1/1q>`gu`i("a!"."d!a?'c."-
  ,The intense heat of summer in
southern ,Taiwan is sometimes
unbearable4
  nv1fw1}'e)"ft'd!al/"g!"s`i:1gx"gu1i("
o/"c{`-
  99 unbearable a4 /1q>`gu`i("d!a
          33333333333333333333
    
    8,Words to know0
  ? pie chart ~1oy`f/1
  t`33 bar graph a/"a_"f/1
  line graph a!1et"f/1
  ? respondent n4 r$1d>1a!`2y"d>1a!`
  ? tone n4 {k*'g("d!ao k+1i:12k?`i:1
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 work out 4"d&"2kt"iu'
  ,Todd lost a few pounds by working out
every day4
  f%1d!1k+"s1m0`ft'kt"iu'kt`jy'c!ak*`
ox"-
  #b4 in order to ,V $"c!a{""""
  f&133 so as to ,V
  ,The couple went to the counselor in
order to save their marriage4
  n>"d$"q/'q/"j|"h3"e?'c*`h:'e41*`}`ks"
f>'mu1d!ar='?'-
  99 counselor n4 k/"=";q/`d%`gu1~1
  #c4 have''' in common s`"""d!ak&"f&'
dt`
  t`33 have something/ a lot/ nothing in
common
  s`e+'/ s`ru`d3'/ m01s`k&"f&'dt`
  ,I was surprised to find out that
,Beth and ,I have a lot in common4
  3`ru`*"7"d!aq>'et"3`rv"o0"e:'s`ru`d3'
k&"f&'dt`-
  ,Though ,Tim and ,Tom are twins1 they
have nothing in common4
  e$'gv1f*1m/`rv"fx'm/`i:"i_'o%'fw'2j8"
m01s`gu"r!1k&"f&'dt`-

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#d 8" #bj g:" bx1pt'8"d/1

      ,Marbles3 ,A ,Game for ,The ,Ages
      ;-fv1-2 b/'j|"$" i:"k+"dv"a/'k?`
o{'ew"
  8,As far as sth goes1 ,S+ ,V0 d!a6"
q>`0

  by ,Bruce ,E4 ,Bagnell
  ,Just for fun or all for glory1
marbles is a game with universal appeal4
  /1c="dv'b=1$"c!ac!"j|"r3"i:"}1j~1$"c!a
g&1{"2dv"a/'s1e*"s`a!aj~1js1ey"d!ae*'?`
c*"-

  ,As far as games played with small
objects go1 this one is perhaps the
granddaddy of them all4 ,The small and
simple objects needed to play this game
have been found in ,Egypt in the tomb of
a child buried some #f1jjj years ago1 in
ruins nearly that old at ,Mohenjo-,Daro
in ,Pakistan1 in ancient ,Rome1 in
,Mesopotamia1 and among the ,North
,American tribe of the ,Cherokee4 ,So1
what are they8 ,Marbles1 of course4
  ,The word marbles refers to games
played with toy marbles4 ,The central
idea to any game of marbles is a bit
similar to the game of snooker or pool3
inside an enclosed space1 players
compete to hit marbles placed inside a
circle and knock them out of the
designated circle4 ,Marbles is played on
the ground1 however1 not on a table4
  ,Ironically1 marbles are rarely made
of marble1 the stone1 because marble is
too soft and brittle4 ,Instead1 they
have been made from glass1 metal1
plastic1 clay1 and the mineral agate
over the ages4 ,The average diameter of
this spherical toy is about one
centimeter1 but smaller and larger
versions exist4 ,Modern glass marble
production began in the #ahjjs in
,Germany and the early #aijjs in ,Ohio4
,They are still being made by the
millions daily in ,Mexico for
international sale4
  ,Glass marbles come in many styles4
,Opaque marbles are of one color4
,Cat's-eyes are made of transparent
glass with a wavy colored band inside4
,A steely is a marble made of steel1
like a ball bearing4 ,A shooter1 or
popper1 is a large-sized marble used to
hit smaller ones in play4 ,A purie is
made of colored translucent glass4 ,The
list of names seems endless1 with new
varieties still being developed4 ,Many
traditions have sprung up concerning the
game of marbles4 ,One that has caught
the world's attention is the ,British
and ,World ,Marbles ,Championship4
          33333333333333333333
     
  ks"i:`6"e{`/"kt"cw1}1d!as1e*":1t12a!"
k!"d&'e*ar3"e|`i:"e3`s`s1e*"d!ai:`h/`-
}1a!"k!"s1e*"e3`e|'{"d!akt`dv'e{`j*"k|"
hw"d>"8'cs"jt'nt1jt1mw1hx"d!a*'k!"w'k*1
rw1f&1m/"a&'o0"q>'et"2f>'+`b/'et"hw"k+'
k?"f&1i:1j*1d!ao>'k*'e:'fv`m<1rz'h3`-d>1
c31*1a:`,*`k*1k/`c31m>`,m0`e3`o/"d>1m*`
)"rv"o0`m0`d!aj+'c31k*'o/"c3"- n>"m!a2
f>'mu1i:"iu1m!ao dx'gv1i:"dv"a/'c!a-
  dv"a/'s1e*"a!"k!"j:1a:`d!ai:"6"}1k|"
dv"a/'cw1}1d!as1e*"- gu"r!1dv"a/'s1e*"
d!ar!1e?'kw"nt"d('c0"e:"|1e:'n3"l!"a_"
js1r3"a_"js1s1e*"33hw"*'k!"$1a/"d!al&'
kt'n0"2}1k)'mu1o*`ew"k*1a&'qx"a:"hw"~1
j~'n0"d!adv"a/'2oy"k.'j*1a_"b/'a:`dy"d!a
~1j~'- gv1:12dv"a/'s1e*"i:"hw"d*"ix"}12
:1q0'a3'ix"-
  qz"j:"d!ai:"2dv"a/'et`i%`s1d>"c*`i:1
a!"a&`i:1f(1a:"bz12?'$"d>"c*`i:1fw"g}`
j+`*"e$"- e.'qv`d*"2dv"a/'bx1ks`*`cw1d('
i:"s1o<'c*1,k?'i/`,e/"k{',nt1f/`2*`k*1
m>`n%`a!"a&`l_"/"e3`a:"bz1- a!"a&`js1ey1
}1k|"d!apy1k4'a:1ky"8'$1*'k&'qu'2dv"+`s`
k{"e{`rv"k{"d>"d!aov`ou`j=1hw"- et"dw"
o<'c*1dv"a/'d!abv`a:"i:`|1i:1ks`i:"k*"
d!ad!1k31rv":"i:1i:"k*"b/'d!a!"rw"!"a('-
hw"m<"e*'k!'2m0`ft'gz1iz'bv`i/"ow`}"l!'
d!adv"a/'|1k31k*"kt'e{'i("-
  o<'c*1dv"a/'s`e|`d3'qz'k!1- o/"f("my1
d!adv"a/'a:`s`*'a&`t1e!"- m%'t`dv"a/'s1
f("my1o<'c*1a:"bz12c*`f(1s`o<'cx"a_"d!a
jw`dw"- kx'a/'i:"s1kx'f+`a:"bz1d!adv"
a/'2ks"e."k=`a/'a(1bz1{ot'v"33k*'e+"a}'
s`6"j:1- dx'j*1f>'k*'kt"hw"a(1ix"o*`j:`
bv`iz'e.'d$"4"d&"i:126"cw1o%`b:1a(1d!a
a&'e?'$"a:"k*1l&"a:"kw'4"d&"d!ak*'kt"-o-
i!"i(`{r3"bz'p%"i(`o i:"*'a&`d>"b:`j="
d!adv"a/'2hw"o*`ew"a&'6"|1j{'k*1k{"e{`
d!adv"a/'- ,Purie i:"*`jw`e!"ov"f("my1
o<'c*1a:"bz1d!adv"a/'- e$1a!ae?'a&`c0"
d!adv"a/'gz1hw"lw'q>'a&'2my1dv'e:"r/'/1
j61/1k?"- e|`d3's`k}'dv"a/'s1e*"d!ab}1
f&`*'a:1b/'et"- j*1a&'*'e."e*'?`i:"k+"
k}'a/"2n>"k*1i:"y'k31i:"k+"dv"a/'k?`o{'
ew"-
          33333333333333333333
    
    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 marble n4 dv"a/'{l!`i/`o;d>"c*`i:1
{o/"l!`i/`o
  #b4 universal a4 j~1js1f&'6"d!a;p/`ot"
d!a
  t`33 universally adv4 p/`ot"d*"
  ,There is no doubt that ,English is a
universal language4
  y'=1/1*1i:"j~1js1f&'6"d!a|`t1-
  ,Al is universally thought of as a top
model4
  d>"k)'p/`ot"gu"$1w":`i:"*'$"dy`kt'd!a
m<1f!":1-
  #c4 appeal n4 e*'?`c*" & vi4 e*'?`
  t`33 appeal to''' e*'?`"""
  ,The appeal of ,The ,Beatles' music
has stood the test of time4
  p*'f(1e:"d!a?'8"m0"c*"ky'd!aj*`i:1kt'
d!al%`t"-
  99 stand the test of time ky'd!aj*`i:1
kt'd!al%`t"
  ,Our products are designed to appeal
to teenage girls4
  3`mu1d!abv`p?`i!"k*"a/`{"e.`e*'?`i%"
n|`h/1j41-
  #d4 enclosed a4 $1a/"d!a2qz'o*"d!a
  #e4 compete vi4 o*`ew"2ky"az'
  t`33 compete with sb |`m(`gu1ky"az'
  ,Grace had to compete with six other
people for the job4
  k!`c0`e:'o*"e|'rv"j*1f>'cs"k!"gu1ky"
az'a!"qu"k&'h3"-
  #f4 designate vt4 a:`dy"2a:`pw"{ou`=1
$1k3"j|"qu'j:1h3"ey1g&1j:16"o
  t`33 be designated as''' o0"a:`dy"/
a:`pw"$1"""
  ,Sunday was designated as family day
by all of my relatives4
  ey'j*1ft'o0"3`e3`s`d!aj?'j*'a:`dy"$1
k)'fy1g:"-
  #g4 ironically adv4 qz"j:"d*"
  ,Ironically1 the man who drowned was a
certified lifeguard4
  qz"j:"d!ai:"2n>"my1n*"o*"d!anv1h:`i:"
*'my1s`a:1a%"d!aks"iz'~1-
  #h4 version n4 ov`ou`
  ,I have read the ,French version of
this novel4
  3`*`ky'lv"k3"a!"ou`e{`i3'd!aq>"=1ov`-
  #i4 transparent a4 f("my1d!a;jy'b/`d!a
  ,The marketing budget has to be
transparent to be approved by the boss4
  ey1e{'|"e}"o*"e|'k("jy'b/`2jw1nz1r3"
d!1c%`ov`r!1a=`-
  #aj4 endless a4 /1a:`k?"d!a
  t`33 endlessly adv4 /1j61k?"d*"
  ,Andy's endless complaining really
annoys me4
  v'd*1d+1d+1o/"es'd!ao%"~"au'd!ag!`n%`
3`c!a-
  ,The road seemed to extend endlessly
into the desert4
  a!"f{1c/"e:"r/'r%1/1a:`k?"d*"t1iu'a:"
n>"pt"i>'m<"-
  #aa4 develop vt4 lw'q>';q>'av`
  t`33 development n4 q>'av`;bz1ax`
  ,The country has developed new sources
of green energy4
  kw'k31*`q>'av`b/'e?'d!ac|"nz1h:'~1-
  ,Due to urban development1 many wild
animals are in danger of extinction4
  s1|1d/'i:"q>'av`2e|`d3'+`iz'd&"/"d('
mt"c?1k81a&`d!a$1k*'-
  99 extinction n4 k81a&`2m+"k81
          33333333333333333333
    
    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,As far as games played with small
objects go1 this one is perhaps the
granddaddy of them all4
  a/"*"
  ,As far as sth goes1 ,S+ ,V ks"m(`i:"
:1t12"""
  f&133 ,As far as sth is concerned1 ,S+
,V
  .k ,So far as sth is concerned1 ,S+ ,V
  t`33 ,As far as sb is concerned1 ,S+
,V
  ks"m(`gu1:1t12"""
  .k ,So far as sb is concerned1 ,S+ ,V
  ,As far as the company goes1 making a
profit is the first priority4
  ks"kw'k&'e:':1t12r3"c*"i:"d*"*'s'et'
l%`c.1-
  99 priority n4 s'et'l%`c|"d!ai:"
  ,As far as ,I am concerned1 it is very
important to make time for my family4
  d$"3`:1t12fz1b/'i:1kt'k0`3`k)'gu1i:"
ru`a&"{"d!a-
  ky'e~`i:"f*1
  ---- ,I'm concerned1 there has to be a
better solution to our financial
problems4
  7,A7 ,As soon as 7,B7 ,As long as
  7,C7 ,As far as 7,D7 ,As well as
  
  ,Grammar ,Tips ,A ky'e~`i:"f*1d>1v"33
,C                
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  ? glory n4 g&1{";k_'g&1
  t`33 glorious a4 r$'r_1d!a;k_'g&1d!a
  ? ruins n4 *1k*';q0"e|'{rz16"q/"i/"o
  ? snooker n4 e:'n3"l!"a_"js1{e:'n3"l!"
7,Snooker7 d!a*"e:'i:";-h/`w",ax"w"-22
e3`*`e:'n3"l!"a_"js1s`i:1+`o0"bz'$1ax"w"
a_"js12i:"i:"k+"ix"k{"a/"my1d!aa_"js1d>`
q>`a:'*'o
  ? pool n4 a_"js1
  ? brittle a4 *"e$"d!a
  ? clay n4 nt1f/`
  ? mineral n4 l_"/"
  ? agate n4 m>`n%`
  ? diameter n4 a:1ky"
  t`33 radius n4 ov"ky"
  ? spherical a4 js1ey1d!a
  t`33 sphere n4 js1f*`
  ? opaque a4 o/"f("my1d!a
  ? wavy a4 o<'cx"a_"d!a
  ? band n4 dw"h:a
  ? steely n4 kx'a/' & a4 kx'f+`d!a;kt'
dy"d!a
  ? bearing n4 a(1bz1
  ? shooter n4 i!"i(`2j.'i(`
  ? popper n4 p%"i(`
  ? translucent a4 ov"f("my1d!a
  ? championship n4 k?`o{'ew"
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 refer to''' *"a:`/ a:`d!ai:""""
  ,These figures refer to our book sales
in ,Asia4
  a!"e+'i/"k|"a:`d!ai:"3`mu1d!ai/'k*1hw"
)"a('d!ae{'c."-
  99 figure n4 i/"h:"
  #b4 come in''' {m(`/"o s`"""{t1e!",d>"
e{`dz`o
  ,The dress only comes in two colors1
light blue and dark purple4
  a!"l}`.1a_'a:`s`dv"cv1e!"|`iu'h:`e!"
c.`a&`t1e!"-
  #c4 spring up {g/1|`r("b='e=`ov'o b/'
et";f/1gv1q>'iz'
  spring vi4 f/1gv1b/'et"26`et" 7ev'fw"
$133 spring1 sprang1 sprung7
  ,We didn't know how to deal with the
problems that sprang up4
  3`mu1o/"a:'d%"{"g/1r!1b/`c*`a!"e+'f/1
q>'d!a="f*1-
  #d4 catch sb's attention e*'?`m(`gu1
d!aa/"*"
  ,Stacy tried to catch ,Doug's
attention by wearing a short red skirt4
  i:`dw"e*'b}'ix"r&1d}`j41*`i:"f/1e*'?`
d%"k!1d!aa/"*"-

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#d 8" #ba g:" bx1pt'8"d/1

      ,Marbles3 ,A ,Game for ,The ,Ages
      ;-fv1-2 b/'j|"$" i:"k+"dv"a/'k?`
o{'ew"
  8,As legend has it1 ,S+ ,V0 d!a6"q>`

  ,Lots of variations on the game of
marbles have popped up over the
millennia4 ,Descriptions of these
different games using the same toys
could easily fill a book4 ,The ,British
and ,World ,Marbles ,Championship is but
one example of these games1 but it
captures the essence of all marble
games4
  ,The history of this game goes back to
#aehh1 at the time of ,Queen ,Elizabeth
,I4 ,As legend has it1 the game was
chosen to decide which of two suitors
would win the hand of a maiden4 ,True or
not1 this romantic story has shaped the
modern game1 played on every ,Good
,Friday since #aicb in the parking lot
at the ,Greyhound public house in
,Tinsley ,Green1 ,West ,Sussex1
,England4 ,Nowadays1 it is a team event1
attracting international competitors
from the ,,UK1 the ,,US1 ,Germany1
,Canada1 ,Estonia1 ,Belgium1 ,Japan1 and
other places4 ,The ,British ,Marbles
,Board of ,Control organizes this
championship4 ,The specific type of game
is called 8,Ring ,Taw0 or 8,Ringer40
,Basically1 #di target marbles are
grouped closely1 similar to how billiard
balls are placed1 inside a 
#a.h-meter-diameter1 raised concrete 
ring covered with sand4 ,Two teams of 
six players each take turns using a 
larger marble to drive the smaller 
marbles out of the ring4 ,The first team
to hit #be marbles outside the ring 
wins4
  ,Contestants have been known to wear
colorful costumes1 including bright
jackets and even capes and masks4 ,Some
players registering for the event choose
weird team or individual competitor
names4 ,It's all in good fun4 ,The
winners take home a silver trophy1 and
everyone takes home memories that last a
lifetime4

  #a4 ,What is ironic about the name of
the game of marbles8
  7,A7 ,Adults enjoy playing marbles as
much as children do4
  7,B7 ,Marbles have been played in many
countries over several millennia4
  7,C7 ,Toy marbles are usually not made
of the rock of the same name4
  7,D7 ,The modern ,English name of the
game is the same as the ancient
,Egyptian name for it4
  #b4 ,Which of the following statements
about toy marbles is ,,NOT true8
  7,A7 ,Marbles are made of different
materials but are always the same size4
  7,B7 ,Marbles may be made of glass1
metal1 or rocks4
  7,C7 ,Like playing cards1 the game of
marbles has many variations4
  7,D7 ,Toy marbles have been found in
ancient civilizations around the world4
  #c4 ,Which of the following statements
about the ,British and ,World ,Marbles
,Championship is true8
  7,A7 ,It is played in different
countries every year4
  7,B7 ,It is always played on ,Good
,Friday4
  7,C7 ,When played in teams1 members
must come from different countries4
  7,D7 ,First place winners of the
championship are awarded gold medals4
  #d4 ,According to the article1 how is
the game of marbles compared to the game
of pool8
  7,A7 ,They both originated in the
,United ,Kingdom4
  7,B7 ,At the beginning of the game1
the objects to be hit are grouped
together4
  7,C7 ,Only teams of six players each
are allowed to play4
  7,D7 ,The winner must eliminate #be
objects from the playing field4
          33333333333333333333

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bz1*'ou`i/'- y'k31i:"k+"dv"a/'k?`o{'ew"
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cx"mv"d!ak/"i:"y`e.`c!aet"dw"o*`ew"d!a
ey1i:"2h:" #aicb nt1*`cw12a!"e."o*`ew"
d('r$"hw"m0`nt1d!ar0'e!"ey'j*1/`|1y'k!1
cv1e*'e>"ew"l!"e:'k4"fy1e:'c*"k!1c?1d!a
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ey1- g/1k?'2a!"i:"*'e."f}1d$"r31d&"2e*'
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k}`c*`$`~1r$"b(1r9"- o*`ew"d!ak|"f*`c0"
ey1bz'h3" 8,Ring ,Taw0 r3" 8,Ringer04
k*'ou`ix"2e:"i:1ks`l!'m/"o{'dv"a/'o0"k?`
m*"qx"a:"{c0"e:"a_"js1qx"a:"d!aqx'i:"o
hw"*'k!"ix"f(1q/"kw"i>'h:a,a:1ky"*'dt`
o>'k&'b:`i%'$1k%'|1d*"mt"d!ai$`n*1r}1
a&'- c.`d$"k!"cs"my1e~`i(`m0`$"c=1cs16"
k{"d>"d!adv"a/'k.'k{"e{`d!adv"a/'fv1b/'
r}17"- i(`et'k.':"i:1/`l!'dv"a/'d>`b/'
r}17"d!ad$"/`k*1y1d!1iz"c*"-
  k|"c{`k+`2jv'ew"a!`r$"iu'b}'/`t1cs"e!"
d!aq/1a_'2o%'rv1et't"d!ak)1l!"2iu"a:"rw1
s`p*'qz'rv"mt"k|"- s`e+'dz'k*"jv'ew"d!a
e~`i(`r$"e~`h!1j*1k7"d!ad$"my1r3"k!"gu1
jv'ew"my1bz'- a!"*'j+"d('i:"$"c!ar%`}1-
y1k)'nz1dw"r$1*'h3"?1k.`o0'2:1m0`k!"gu1
d('nz1dw"r$16`iz'nv1_"d!ar$1*"-

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j:"a:'b/"o
  7,A7 d>"gu1rv"rw1h:a*'."e*`r}'}1dv"a/'
s1e*"-
  7,B7 i/"jt'nt1cw12e|`d3'k31k)'d!agu1
mu1d('}1k3"dv"a/'-
  7,C7 }1k|"dv"a/'f&'bx1o/"i:"s1f&1my1
d!ad>"c*`i:1e3`a:"bz1-
  7,D7 kw's1e*"d!aet"dw"y'=1my1bz'|`j*1
k/`w'k*1my1bz'e.'f&1-
  f*1k+`33ku'k|":"i:1g:"=1ax'd*"ev'd}"2
qz"j:"d!ai:"2dv"a/'et`i%`s1d>"c*`i:1a!"
a&`i:1f(1a:"bz12?'$"d>"c*`i:1fw"g}`j+`*"
e$"2k/" 7,C7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  #b4 e)"c+"k}'|1}1k|"dv"a/'d!ae|"i/"r!1
a!`$1q0'o
  7,A7 dv"a/'s1o/"f&1jw1c{"a:"bz12dv"d('
i:"e.'f&1d!ab:`j="-
  7,B7 dv"a/'l!`nz1s1o<'c*1,k?'i/`r3"t1
i:1a:"bz1-
  7,C7 ks"e."p/'l!"pw12dv"a/'s1e*"s`ru`
d3'ot"ey1-
  7,D7 i:"k+"k!"d*"d!ak/`=1my1d('s`q>'
et"}1k|"dv"a/'-
  f*1k+`33ku'k|":"i:1g:"=1ax'd*"ev'd}"2
a!"a&`js1ey1}1k|"d!apy1k4'a:1ky"8'$1*'
k&'qu'2dv"+`s`k{"e{`rv"k{"d>"d!aov`ou`
j=1hw"2|` 7,A7 e."e|"i/"o/"q/12k/"$1az"
e~`-
  #c4 e)"c+"k}'|1y'k31i:"k+"dv"a/'k?`o{'
ew"d!ae|"i/"r!1a!`$1au'o
  7,A7 f>'m0`nt1d('|1o/"f&1k31k)'k|`ey1-
  7,B7 f>'h&`hw"r0'e!"ey'j*1/`k|`ey1-
  7,C7 dx'f}1f*`jv'ew"i:12bz1~1o*"e|'cw1
h:"o/"f&1k31k)'-
  7,D7 kw'k?`o{'ew"d!ad*"*'my1k.'r3"ov'
k?'pw1-
  f*1k+`33ku'k|":"i:1*'g:"=1ax'd*":"d}"2
h:" #aicb nt1*`cw12a!"e."o*`ew"d('r$"hw"
m0`nt1d!ar0'e!"ey'j*1/`|1y'k!1cv1e*'e>"
ew"l!"e:'k4"fy1e:'c*"k!1c?1d!aks`o>'
;-k!1c01*'c+"j~`-2 d!afy1b!'bx`k|`ey12
k/" 7,B7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  #d4 ku'k|"ou`=12dv"a/'s1e*"g/1r!1|`a_"
js1s1e*"e.'o*`n*`o
  7,A7 f>'mu1d('j*`~1|1y'k31-
  7,B7 hw"s1e*"lw'i:`i:12o0"j{'k*1/"d('
o0"ow`hw"*'j*`-
  7,C7 a:`s`m0`h/`cs"my1e~`i(`d!ad$"/`
jw1nz1jv'k)'-
  7,D7 s'iz"a!`o*"e|'j&1o*`ew"bx`ix"*1
b/1:"i:1/`k!"/"f*`-
  f*1k+`33ku'k|":"i:1*'g:"=1ax'd*":"d}"2
e:"i:1ks`l!'m/"o{'dv"a/'o0"k?`m*"qx"a:"
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ix"f(1q/"kw"i>'h:a,a:1ky"*'dt`o>'k&'b:`
i%'$1k%'|1d*"mt"d!ai$`n*1r}1a&'2k/" 7,B7
e."y'$1az"e~`-

  d>1v"33 #a4 ,C #b4 ,A #c4 ,B #d4 ,B
          33333333333333333333
      
    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 variation n4 o/"f&1d!aot"r9"ey1
i:";b>'o+1
  ,There is wide variation in how some
,English words sound due to people's
accents4
  s1|1gu1mu1d!al(`?'o/"f&12e3`*`s`e+'y'
=1h:"fy'j*`cw1b>'o+1ru`d>"-
  #b4 description n4 m{1i/";ey1g&1
  t`33 beyond description /1q>`ey1g&12
nv1*`m{1i/"
  ,The horror of the plane crash was
beyond description4
  n>"j*`l&'nv"i:"kt"a:'l!`p>"q0't1|`e3`
nz1ey1g&1-
  #c4 capture vt4 o/`a3';dw"o/`
  ,The police have finally captured the
leader of the criminal organization4
  ky`qx'a&'|1dw"o/`c!akw'qv"h$"k*1f}1d!a
i(`n%`-
  #d4 essence n4 ky'e$`;ou`a:1
  t`33 in essence k*'ou`ix";ou`a:1ix"
  .k essentially adv4
  ,This monument is1 in essence1 a
tribute to the people who died during
the war4
  a!"h3"k*"nt"o0'k*'ou`ix"i:"{"e."hw"n>"
bx`av"az'a&'ex"iz'd!agu1a:"ky"-
  99 tribute n4 ky"*"
  #e4 shape vt4 y`e.`;ey1e/"2e/"h%"
  ,My relationship with my mother played
a major part in shaping my attitude
towards women4
  3`rv"m/`j?'d!ak}'e*"hw"ru`d>"bz1d/"ix"
y`e.`c!a3`d$"n|`ey"d!alv"q>`-
  99 play a part in''' hw""""qx'mt"s`a&"
{"ey"
  #f4 organize vt4 b(1r9"2b(1ov"
  ,Leo organized a surprise birthday
party for his girlfriend4
  c*`('$"n|`s`b(1ov"c!a*'bx`ky'e*`iz'g:"
pw"d$"-
  #g4 specific a4 k|"f*`d!a;my1j8"d!a
  t`33 be specific about''' k|"f*`/ e.1
e*"i3'my1"""
  ,Can you be more specific about when
the project needs to be finished8
  n*`nz1o/"nz1kz"k|"f*`i3'my1a!"e."j*"
r9"v"r!1i:1{"}1bz1o
  #h4 contestant n4 jv'ew"a!`
  t`33 contest n4 ky"ew"
  ,Hundreds of contestants ran the
marathon1 but a third of them gave up
before finishing4
  i/"ow`my1e~`i(`jv'k)'a!"j:"d!am>`c>'
e&'2dv"s`ev'qu'a:'*'a&'f/1ks"j*"ew"c!a-
  99 marathon n4 m>`c>'e&'
  ,Mary aims to win the ,English speech
contest4
  m>`c*"d!am/"o{'hw"|1y1d!1y'|`t`k.`o*`
ew"-
  #i4 award vt4 ov'q>'
  t`33 award sth to sb o>`m(`/"ov'k0`m(`
gu1
  .k award sb sth
  ,The army awarded a medal to ,Kevin
for saving the lives of eight people4
  k4'qx'?'lw`=1az`ks"c!ao>'f{1gu1my":1
ov'q>'k.`ax'k0`f>'-
  #aj4 eliminate vt4 b/1j|"2e{'b/1
  ,The government has announced that it
will take action to eliminate
corruption4
  az"q/`*`e~'o/"k.'jw`j|`ey1d&"e/"jy'fv'
/'-
          33333333333333333333
    
    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,As legend has it1 the game was chosen
to decide which of two suitors would win
the hand of a maiden4
  a/"*"
  ,As legend has it1 ,S+ ,V b}1i3'
a&'2"""
  t`33 ,Legend has it+ that h:`k|" b}1
i3'"""
  ,As legend has it1 the ,Marsh ,Monster
is part man and part animal4
  b}1i3'a&'2n>"a%`h!1k7"i("*'ov"i:"gu12
*'ov"i:"d&"/"-
  99 marsh n4 a%`h!12i:'d*"
  ,Legend has it that the lake was
formed by the tears of a goddess4
  b}1i3'a!"h3"r/1o<1i:"s1*'$"n|`iu1d!at`
c0"e3`ey1bz1d!a-
  ky'e~`i:"f*1
  ---- has it that seven dwarfs live in
the mountains4
  7,A7 ,License 7,B7 ,Legend
  7,C7 ,Comrade 7,D7 ,Channel
  
  ,Grammar ,Tips ,B ky'e~`i:"f*1d>1v"33
,B
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  ? millennia n4 i/"jt'nt1
  t`33 millennium n4 *'jt'nt1
  ? suitor n4 a$'js1a!`
  ? maiden n4 i%"n|`
  billiard ball a_"js16"js1
  ? billiard a4 a_"js1d!a
  ? concrete a4 r="ny1f/`d!a & n4 r="ny1
f/`
  ? costume n4 q/1a_'{s1a:`e*"q/1o
  ? cape n4 p*'qz';p*'kt';d(`pz1
  ? trophy n4 k.`o0'
  ? civilization n4 =1my1
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 pop up f/1gv1b/'et";f/1gv1q>'iz'
  ,Many cafes have popped up around my
university recently4
  h$"k?"3`d!ad>"e81e{"~1e:"a('f/1gv1m%"
b/'e|`d3'l>'q0'dt"-
  #b4 be covered with/ in''' o0""""q/"
kw"
  ,The buildings that are covered with
snow look beautiful from a distance4
  n>"e+'q/"mv`ow1e8`d!akt"a/1j&1~`b/"lv"
cw1ru`m0`-
  99 from a distance j&1~`qx'2j&1~`b/"
  #c4 take turns 7,V-ing7 c=1cs1{h3""""o
  ,My roommates and ,I take turns
cleaning our dorm room4
  3`ku'i:"s`c=1cs1d>`e%`e/"i!"qx1kt'-
  #d4 originate in/ from''' j*`~1/ ~1h:"
|1"""
  originate vi4 q>'~1;cw1h:"
  ,The ,Olympics originated in ,Greece
over #b1jjj years ago4
  %"4"j*`~1|1c.`jt'd3'nt1jt1d!ae*'c>"-
          33333333333333333333
         
    8,For ,Your ,Information0
  dv"a/'j*"i$`i:"hw"g:"ou`q0'bx1i("r}'y1
d!afv"e}'?`c{"2*`j*1f!"i/'d!ao%'a_'qx'
i:"=1my1- py1l(`*`*'l!'o<'c*1dv"a/'qz'
a/"2py1ky`c.`j!"%'g/"2{"r!'i:1k.'dv"a/'
)'g/"2i:`a:'d{"c3"hw"py1ky`b/"r("k*1l!`
?`6"-
  dv"a/'j*"i$`|1 #ahgf nt1s1k|'g:"e/'k!1
cv1*"{"k*"i:'kt'j*"+"k)'>'c*"iv'd>"-l>`
m01c=1-e*'m/` 7,Alexander ,Cameron ,Sim7
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#d 8" #bc g:" l!"c("h:"

      ,Underwater ,Art
      mv"o/"rw`d*` |"kt"h:"gv1|`*"i/"k&"
j=1d!am0`

  by ,Daniel ,Howard
  ,The ,Museo ,Atlantico is ,Europe's
first underwater art museum4
  d>"e*'.1o<1/"k}`i:"('a('i(`h3"i$`e)"*"
i/"o<1/"k}`-

  ,Beneath the waves off the coast of
the ,Canary ,Islands1 there is a unique
underwater art museum4 ,Called the
,Museo ,Atlantico1 this sculpture
garden of delights is only 7#a---7 to
divers1 but it is well worth the effort
to visit this incredible attraction near
the island of ,Lanzarote4
  ,The ,Museo ,Atlantico is the 7#b---7
of ,Jason de,Caires ,Taylor1 a ,British
artist1 diver1 and nature-lover4 ,This
isn't his first underwater art 
project--he also created similar
exhibits in ,Mexico and ,Granada--but
the ,Museo ,Atlantico 7#c---7 for both
its location and scale4 ,In total1 the
,Museo ,Atlantico 7#d---7 #aj separate
exhibits with a total of over #cjj
individual sculptures1 mostly statues of
people in various poses4 ,While this
would probably be enough1 the artist
also displays the beauty of nature in
the 7#e---7 clear water4
  7#f---7 statues1 the ,Museo 
,Atlantico provides a home for marine 
life4 ,Already1 a large variety of fish 
and other ocean creatures like octopuses
have moved in4 ,The statues are made of
a special concrete that won't pollute
the surrounding water1 and they are
specially designed to alter their
7#g---7 over time4 ,Coral has already
started to grow on some of the
sculptures1 bringing new life to the art
in a beautiful way4 ,This synergy is
part of the design to create something
that will adapt to the environment as it
changes4
      
  #a4 7,A7 exceptional 7,B7 confidential
      7,C7 vulnerable 7,D7 accessible
  #b4 7,A7 creation 7,B7 quest 
      7,C7 breakdown 7,D7 quantity
  #c4 7,A7 falls apart 7,B7 stands out
      7,C7 lags behind 7,D7 freezes up
  #d4 7,A7 encloses 7,B7 orbits 
      7,C7 simulates 7,D7 houses
  #e4 7,A7 intimately 7,B7 objectively
      7,C7 remarkably 7,D7 sensitively
  #f4 7,A7 ,Upon 7,B7 ,Besides 
      7,C7 ,Regarding 7,D7 ,Unlike
  #g4 7,A7 appearance 7,B7 tendency 
      7,C7 obedience 7,D7 vandalism
          33333333333333333333

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  d>1v"33 #a4 ,D #b4 ,A #c4 ,B #d4 ,D
#e4 ,C #f4 ,B #g4 ,A
          33333333333333333333

    &~1cw1g/1j:`y
  #a4 ,Called the ,Museo ,Atlantico1
this sculpture garden of delights is
only accessible to divers1 but it is
well worth the effort to visit this
incredible attraction near the island of
,Lanzarote4
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k}`2a:`s`jt1i$`a!`jw1nz1d%"d>12dv"nz1jv'
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  a4 7,A7 exceptional a4 k+1b/'d!a
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tournaments in a row4
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ev'bx`k?`o{'ew"-
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d!a
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personal information are kept
confidential4
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  7,C7 vulnerable a4 *"i("ix'd!a;j$"g3"
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he is vulnerable to colds4
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people with physical disabilities4
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k("ot"|1b/'g/"-
  b4 ku'k|"|`*"2 7,D7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  #b4 ,The ,Museo ,Atlantico is the
creation of ,Jason de,Caires ,Taylor1 a
,British artist1 diver1 and
nature-lover4
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  c*`s133
  a4 7,A7 creation n4 b_"h%"2b_"h3"
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designed many of his creations with the
intent to communicate with ghosts4
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js1
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totally unexpected answer4
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  7,D7 quantity n4 i/"c."{dz`|1 amount1
|`o/"l!`i/`my1j:1oy"6"o
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rice left in the bucket4
  n>"k!"f&`h:ac*`a:`iz"i%`c."d!am*`-
  b4 ku'k|"|`*"2 7,A7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  #c4 ,This isn't his first underwater
art project--he also created similar
exhibits in ,Mexico and ,Granada--but
the ,Museo ,Atlantico stands out for
both its location and scale4
  a!"oy"q0'f>'d!ad*"*'k!"i$`e)"*"i/"k*"
r9""1f>'+`hw"m<"e*'k!'k*1k!1c>'n>"d>1
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  c*`s133
  a4 7,A7 fall apart 9`k+`2p<"e$"
  ,My dictionary fell apart because ,I
used it all the time during my freshman
year4
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*'az`nt1*'a:1i:`6"f>'-
  7,B7 stand out f/1b/'2et`t`
  ,The professional basketball player
always stands out in a crowd because he
is #bjj cm tall4
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  7,C7 lag behind 7sb/ sth7
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  f&133 fall behind 7sb/ sth7
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long hike1 so don't lag behind and
complain4
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o/"{"c3"r("+`o/"{"o%"~"-
  7,D7 freeze up k.'a/"2d&"k+1
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d{"c!a-
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  #d4 ,In total1 the ,Museo ,Atlantico
houses #aj separate exhibits with a
total of over #cjj individual
sculptures1 mostly statues of people in
various poses4
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d!aav`cv`2h&`k&"s`ev'ow`d3'kt"d{'e/"h3"
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  c*`s133
  a4 7,A7 enclose vt4 e$1rv1q/"ix"
  ,Teddy enclosed a photo in the letter
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  fw"d*1hw"k*"k0`c%`pz1s`d!ae?"c*`q/"ix"
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  7,B7 orbit vt4 g%"k$`d%"4"ey1 & n4 k$`
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  ,It takes the ,Earth #cfe days to
orbit the ,Sun4
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cs"i:1/`ft'-
  ,The artificial satellite is in orbit
around the ,Earth4
  a!"l!'gu1h%"$"ey'g%"a!ad*"js14"ey1-
  99 satellite n4 $"ey'
  7,C7 simulate vt4 m<1n*`
  ,Pilots are trained on computers that
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favorite possessions4
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  #e4 ,While this would probably be
enough1 the artist also displays the
beauty of nature in the remarkably clear
water4
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m*"d*"
  ,During his stay in that country1
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candidates objectively before she
decides whom to vote for4
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gu1a:'jt12nv1e*'et'l!"k}'d*"iu`i:"f>'mu1
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alike in appearance4
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  7,D7 sensitively adv4 m?`kv`d*"
  ,The investigation needs to be handled
sensitively4
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  b4 ku'k|"|`*"2 7,C7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  #f4 ,Besides statues1 the ,Museo 
,Atlantico provides a home for marine
life4
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$"rw`.1iz'/"f*1k&'k|'e3`-
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went to his mother's house right away4
  k+1g$"b/'|"r("ot"c*"k*1j|"m/`j?'k)'-
  7,B7 besides prep4 b/1"""a:'7" & adv4
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movies4 ,Besides1 it's raining outside4
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  f&133 concerning prep4
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report regarding the new tax laws4
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f&1
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better under pressure4
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  b4 ku'k|"|`*"2 7,B7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  #g4 ,The statues are made of a special
concrete that won't pollute the
surrounding water1 and they are
specially designed to alter their
appearance over time4
  a!"e+'d{'e/"i:"*`f!"i/'r="ny1f/`d>`h%"
:1bz12a!"a&`r="ny1f/`o/"r$"/'gv`a('h%'
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  a4 7,A7 appearance n4 7"o{`27"k}'
  ,Don't be misled by ,Andy's
appearance2 actually1 he is a very nice
person4
  o+1o0"v'd*1d!a7"o{`/"d%`c!a;i:"i:1ix"2
f>'i:"k!"r%`gu1-
  99 mislead vt4 /"d%` 7ev'fw"$133
mislead1 misled1 misled47
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  rz'c*"i3'r_`i:1_`_`r$"a>`t`ky'-
  7,C7 obedience n4 q/1j&12i="j&1
  ,The children's obedience during
training is impressive4
  a!"e+'rw1h:ahw"i("e4"i:1o{`et"d!ai="
j&1cy"gu1?"e."iu'l!"-
  7,D7 vandalism n4 p<"r7"k&'/"
  ,The image of part of the town has
already improved1 with a reduction in
graffiti and vandalism4
  e$1a!af/1)'rv"p<"r7"k&'/"ey1$1d!akt`
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  99 graffiti n4 j.1ix"d!af/1)'{o/"l!`
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  b4 ku'k|"|`*"2 7,A7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
          33333333333333333333
      
    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 sculpture n4 d{'e/"
  ,The sculptures will be on exhibition
until the end of this year4
  a!"e+'d{'e/"k.'av`b/'d%"k?'nt1d*`-
  #b4 delight n4 c!"j|"2|1l7"2e?'e*` &
vt4 i:`|1l7"2i:`k%'ey"
  t`33 take delight in''' e*`w""""
  ,Lance takes delight in telling
bedtime stories to his daughter4
  cv1e:'e*`r}'$"n|`:1d/1b_1ot'k/"i:"-
  ,The new animated movie will delight
kids of all ages4
  a!"o/"e?'d&"r9"pt"k.'i("d%"e3`s`nt1cy1
jz1rw1f&1d!ae*`w"-
  #c4 incredible a4 o/"l!`e:'*"d!a
  ,Jane's language ability is
incredible4 ,She speaks ,English1
,French1 and ,Spanish4
  >'au'd!a|`t1nz1c*"au'i:"r%`d!ao/"d!1
c{`- f>'r$"k.`y'|`,q>"|`k*1e*'ov')1|`-
  #d4 exhibit n4 av`cv`{r$"o;av`i:"p?` &
vt4 av`b/'2av`cv`
  f&133 exhibition n4
  t`33 on exhibit av`b/'a&'
  .k on exhibition
  .k on display
  ,The famous artist's oil paintings are
on exhibit at ,Sun ,Yat-sen ,Memorial
,Hall4
  n>"$"my1r9"k)'d!as1r9"az"hw"k31q/"k*"
nt"k}`av`b/'a&'-
  ,The artists exhibited their paintings
in the gallery4
  a!"e+'*"i/"k)'hw"r9"cx1av`i:"f>'mu1d!a
r9"h3"-
  #e4 location n4 $"a:"2d*"dt`
  ,The price of a house usually depends
on its location4
  qx1h:ad!ak)"k!1f&'bx1i:"j*1d*"d}":1
dy"-
  #f4 scale n4 k$'m<1
  t`33 on a''' scale *`"""d!ak$'m<1
  ,As war broke out1 people fled the
city on a large scale4
  av"az'o%"q>'i:12gu1mu1d>"k$'m<1d!af%1
c*1kw'i:"-
  #g4 statue n4 d{'e."
  ,The city of ,Chicago unveiled a
magnificent statue of ,Michael ,Jordan4
  a:'k)'k!'$"*'h3"r&1$`d!amw"l!`-j{1dv'
d{'e."k+'m/"-
  #h4 pose n4 h:'i:" & vi4 {$"a%"e."r3"
r9"e."dz`o ow`h:'i:"
  t`33 hold/ strike a pose ow`h:'i:"
  ,The champion struck a triumphant
pose4
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  99 triumphant a4 iz"c*"d!a
  ,Randy and ,I posed for a photograph
in front of the ,Statue of ,Liberty4
  3`rv"cv1d*1av"hw"h:"s1n|`iu1e."jt1ow`
r%`h:'i:"pw'a%"-
  #i4 marine a4 rw`.1d!a
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marine life4
  i$`cs1y`e.`a!arw`.1iz'fw"d!ae|`d3'jz1
mt"-
  99 current n4 i$`cs1
  #aj4 concrete n4 r="ny1f/`
  #aa4 pollute vt4 /'gv`
  ,The exhaust from cars not only
pollutes the air but also causes asthma
in children4
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j*"2+`r$"i:`rw1h:ac*1r}"j*"b}`-
  99 exhaust n4 {?`jy1pw1b/'d!ao q0"j*"
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  ,The shirt is a little too large for
me1 so it needs to be altered4
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e|'{"es'kw`-
          33333333333333333333
     
    8,Words to know0
  ? diver n4 iu'rw`jt1i$`~1
  t`33 dive vi4 jt1g/"{i$`a&'o;f{"i$`
  ? octopus n4 ax'|1{dv'i/"ey1o
  t`33 octopuses n4 ax'|1{q/"i/"ey1o
  .k octopi n4
  ? synergy n4 {c.`k!"r3"d3'k!"k&'e:'r3"
gu1e*'i(`r("bv`iz'd!ao e+1f&1h3"6"
          33333333333333333333
       
    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 off the coast of''' hw""""d!a7"rw`
  ,Several ,Spanish ships were sunk off
the coast of ,Florida4
  s`r%`k*`e%'e*'ov')1b}1a:'bu1m<"hw"q<1
c31c*`d>17"rw`-
  99 sink vi4 e)"bu1;bu1m<" 7ev'fw"$133
sink1 sank1 sunk47
  #b4 provide ,A for ,B f*1k&' ,A k0` ,B
  f&133 provide ,B with ,A
  ,The charity provided the earthquake
victims with blankets1 tents1 and food4
  kw'j:1iv"k*'k("f*1k&'m%1fv`,ax"pz1rv"
i:1/"k0`d*"au"hw'm?1-
  #c4 adapt 7oneself7 to ,N/ ,V-ing
  {i:`h:"k*`o i:"y""""
  ,Many people who grew up in the
country can't adapt to city life4
  e|`d3'hw"e.'j='ax`d>"d!agu1/1q>`i:"y"
bz1i:"iz'r31-

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#d 8" #bd g:" e?'d3'*"

      ,,NEW ,,TOEIC
    e?'d3'*"jy1ky"i:"f*1k&'c8"

      ,Part #g ,Reading ,Comprehension
  ,Directions3 ,In this part1 you will
read a selection of texts1 such as
magazine and newspaper articles1
letters1 and advertisements4 ,Each text
is followed by several questions4
,Select the best answer for each
question and mark the letter 7,A71 7,B71
7,C71 or 7,D7 on your answer sheet4
,Questions #a-b refer to the following
lease4

  ,Lease ,Agreement
  ,This is an agreement between the
landlord1 ,Cameron ,Klein1 and tenant1
,Amanda ,Chu for the purpose of renting
the premises at #gib ,Drummond ,Drive1
,New ,York1 ,New ,York4 7#a7 

  ,The terms of this agreement shall be
valid for one year1 effective from
,February #a1 #bjag4 ,It is renewable
upon mutual consent of the landlord and
tenant4 ,Either the landlord or tenant
may wish to discontinue the contract
after the expiry date of the lease4

  7#b7 ,The contract may not be 
terminated during the duration of the
lease1 with the exception of a serious
medical reason or an emergency deemed
acceptable by the landlord or violation
of the terms of the contract1 including
defaulting in payment for more than #ae
days4

  ,The tenant agrees to pay the sum of
,,US 4#b1hjj to rent the premises1 to be
paid on the #ast of each month4 7#c74
,Furthermore1 the tenant must pay a
damage deposit equal to one month's
rent1 which is refundable when he/ she
moves out of the premises1 subject to
the landlord's discretion4 ,The tenant
also agrees to keep the premises clean
and maintain a reasonable noise level in
the apartment4

  ,The landlord agrees to repair the
facilities he/ she has supplied 7e4 g4
air conditioner1 washing machine1 etc47
unless caused by neglect or willful
damage by the tenant4 7#d7

  ,Landlord's signature ,Tenant's
signature
  ,Cameron ,Klein ,Amanda ,Chu

  ,Witness' signature 7optional7

  #a4 ,What is suggested about the
agreement8
  7,A7 ,It expires on ,January #a1
#bjah4
  7,B7 ,The rent is due before the end
of each month4
  7,C7 ,It is the landlord's
responsibility to furnish the apartment4
  7,D7 ,It can be extended only if both
parties agree4
  #b4 ,In which of the positions
marked 7#a71 7#b71 7#c71 and 7#d7 does
the following sentence best belong8
8,However1 written notice must be given
#fj days prior to the end of the lease40
  7,A7 7#a7 7,B7 7#b7 
  7,C7 7#c7 7,D7 7#d7 
  
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    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
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  #b4 tenant n4 qx1l!";h/'r/"
  #c4 premises n4 qx1/'k*1f/`d*";bx`d*"
{rz1$1q/"i/"o
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l!`i/`o
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{h3"o"""
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k|"
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modern conveniences4
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i!"o0"-
  #ag4 party n4 {q>`c|"ix"d!ao *'qx'

  e)"j*1|"k%"33 ,Part #g ,Reading
,Comprehension

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#d 8" #be g:" =1*"e~`ft1

      ,Wonderful ,Morgan's ,Wonderland
      m01s`qu'o+1d!al7"c!""1m<1ku'et'ky"

  by ,William ,Ryan
  ,Thanks to one man's vision1 children
with special needs are having more fun
than ever before4
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js1d!arw1h:ao*`j*`j&1jt16`s`kz"d3'c!"
j|"-

  ,Theme parks and amusement parks have
been making children happy for many
decades4 ,While such places are often
required by law to provide wheelchair
ramps and restroom facilities for
disabled people1 millions of children
with special needs could never enjoy the
fun and laughter of 7#a---7 around in a
water park or the thrill of a fast
roller coaster ride4 ,Finally1 there is
a theme park that's fully accessible to
children with special needs4 ,Not only
is it designed to 7#b---7 them1 but they
are also admitted free of charge4
,Morgan's ,Wonderland1 along with how it
came to be1 is a 7#c---7 story of
inclusivity and hard work4
  7#d---7 on an area of #be acres near
,San ,Antonio1 ,Texas1 ,Morgan's
,Wonderland is the first fully
wheelchair accessible theme park4 ,It is
named for the daughter of its 7#e---71
,Gordon ,Hartman4 ,Hartman's daughter1
,Morgan1 had 7#f---74 ,Other children
didn't know how to 7#g---7 her condition
and often refused to play with her4
,Heartbroken and unable to find a theme
park 7#h---7 she could have some fun
with kids like her1 ,Hartman built it
himself4
  ,Morgan's ,Wonderland is not just for
kids with special needs4 ,In fact1 most
of its child visitors are not
handicapped or disabled4 ,Hartman wanted
to create a place where children from
all backgrounds could play together as
7#i---74 ,There is a ,Ferris wheel1 a
few playgrounds1 a carousel1 miniature
trains1 and a 7#aj---7 added water park
called ,Morgan's ,Inspiration ,Island4
,All of these attractions are fully
accessible to the handicapped4 ,The
,Morgan's ,Wonderland website shows many
uplifting photos of children1 with and
without disabilities1 happily enjoying
the theme park and having fun together4

  7,A7 heartwarming 7,B7 ,Inhabiting
  7,C7 creator 7,D7 accommodate
  7,E7 deal with 7,F7 splashing
  7,G7 where 7,H7 frankly
  7,I7 equals 7,J7 autism
  7,K7 recently 7,L7 ,Situated
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  #a4 ''' millions of children with
special needs could never enjoy the fun
and laughter of splashing around in a
water park or the thrill of a fast
roller coaster ride4
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shallow end of the swimming pool4
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accommodate them1 but they are also
admitted free of charge4
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  99 up to+ i/"h:" d3'd>1/ k%'d>1"""
{i/"m/"o
  #c4 ,Morgan's ,Wonderland1 along with
how it came to be1 is a heartwarming
story of inclusivity and hard work4
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about a girl and her faithful dog4
  a!"o/"dt"y`e|"i/"*'$"n|`rw1|`*'a:'a&'
j~`d!a='e?'kv`gu1k/"i:"-
  #d4 ,Situated on an area of #be acres
near ,San ,Antonio1 ,Texas1 ,Morgan's
,Wonderland is the first fully
wheelchair accessible theme park4
  m<1ku'et'ky"$"hw"d!1l!"e>"e:'a('iz"v'
d&'n*1%"i:"q/"k?"*'l7":"i:1/`y'm/`d!af/`
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  be situated on/ in/ at''' $"|1"""
  ,Keelung is situated on the northern
tip of ,Taiwan4
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e~`-
  #e4 ,It is named for the daughter of
its creator1 ,Gordon ,Hartman4
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f!"mv"o2d!1a:'l&"k!1y'a:"my1j:1-
  b4 e~`e."a&'$1my1j:1d!as` 7,C7 creator
{b_"i:`gu1o, 7,I7 equals {f&1dz`d!agu1
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k|"|`*"2 7,C7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
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  ,Walt ,Disney is the creator of
,Mickey ,Mouse4
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a!`-
  #f4 ,Hartman's daughter1 ,Morgan1 had
autism4
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e."y'$1az"e~`-
  c4 autism n4 h:"o*"az"
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interact socially with others4
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k{'r/"d&"-
  #g4 ,Other children didn't know how to
deal with her condition and often
refused to play with her4
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  f&133 handle vt4
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deal with his divorce4
  r>'c*"jy`c!a*'ey'j*1k)"j|"b/`c*`c*1r='
i:"*1-
  #h4 ,Heartbroken and unable to find a
theme park where she could have some fun
with kids like her1 ,Hartman built it
himself4
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r("s`*'}1az`h:`k|"2d!1a:'l&"k!1y'a:"nz1
es'i:"d*"qx'd!ak}'e*"q/"j:1 where cw1?`
d%`ey1g&1j:1h:`k|"es'i:" a theme park4
  ,In the college where ,John studies1
all freshmen are required to live in the
dorms4
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*'e81iz'd('o0"k$'dy"{"a/"e{"-
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e+`o
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where children from all backgrounds
could play together as equals4
  r>'f!"mv"e.`b_"h%"*'k!"cw1h:"e3`s`o0"
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  c*`s133
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dz`d!a;nz1iz'gu"d!a
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{gu1o iz'gu"m(`i:"
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no equal4
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d!ad$"i(`-
  ,A kilogram is equal to #a1jjj grams4
  *'k&'k?'dz`|1*'jt'k&'l!"-
  ,Tim is equal to the task because he
has a lot of experience in this area4
  f*1m/`nz1iz'gu"n>"k!"gu"/"2?'$"f>'hw"
a!"qx'mt"ru`s`ky't"-
  #aj4 ,There is a ,Ferris wheel1 a few
playgrounds1 a carousel1 miniature
trains1 and a recently added water park
called ,Morgan's ,Inspiration ,Island4
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{fv`ow1d*"o k*1 7,K7 recently {h$"k?"o2
$1ku'k|"|`*"2 7,K7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  c4 recently adv4 h$"k?"2k?"cw1
  t`33 recent a4 h$"k?"d!a
  ,You shouldn't be so hard on ,Annie1
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recently4
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h$"k?")'c*"ru`d>"-
  99 be stressed out )'c*"k3"d>"d!a
  ,Mrs4 ,Krause is somewhat puzzled by
her daughter's recent behavior4
  l!"c31e:'fw"fw"d$"f>'n|`:1k?"cw1d!aey1
$1kv`d%"s`e+'o/"k+`-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 be accessible to sb
  d$"m(`gu1:1t1g&1*"i:`6"/ j|`d!1d!a
  accessible a4 *"j|`d!1d!a;*"i:`6"d!a
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  *'ov'd>"a&"/1q>`j|`d!1k4'i:"k*'m*"=1
kt"-
  99 confidential a4 k*'m*"d!a
  #b4 be designed to ,V o0"i!"k*"cw1"""
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  ,That knife is designed to carve wood4
  n>"o>`d%'i:"i!"k*"cw1d{'l!"m/"f(1d!a-
  ,This new aircraft is specially
designed for space travel4
  a!"k)"e?'d!aq0'ey1j*"i:"a}'$"fw"l&'c|`
ey1:1i!"k*"d!a-
  99 aircraft n4 q0'ey1j*"2q0'k*'{dv'q/"
i/"f&1ey1o
  #c4 free of charge mt`q0"d!a
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anything free of charge4
  dx'm<"iz'gu1mt`q0"f*1k&'k0`n*`gu"r!1
d&'e*ai:1/"o*"{"e{`e?'-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  ? amusement park s1c!"~1
  ? amusement n4 |1c!"2e{'jt`
  roller coaster 41e{'q0'b!'
  ? inclusivity n4 o%'g&1;o%'rv1
  t`33 inclusive a4 o%'rv1d!a
  ? acre n4 y'm/`
  ,Ferris wheel m<1ft'c=1
  ? carousel n4 e~1a}`m/"m>`
  f&133 merry-go-round n4
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  #a4 vision n4 ~"ky`;e.`e.";i:"c*"
  t`33 envision vt4 e.`e."2av`_"
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for the next #aj years4
  a!"k!"k31r$"*"~1kw"i/"c!af>'d$"$"cw1
i:1nt1d!a~"ky`-
  99 congressman n4 {m0`k31o k31r$"*"~1
  ,Tammy envisions her company expanding
by the end of this year4
  fw"m*'av`_"f>'d!ak&'e:'hw"nt1d*`i:1nz1
l3"d>"ky'y1-
  #b4 ramp n4 e+1p<'2p<'d%"
  ,This ramp enables people in
wheelchairs to enter the store4
  a!"k!"e+1p<'gx"h3"c=1*`d!agu1d!1*`k?"
g/"ix'dt"-
  #c4 facility n4 i!"i:'2i!"o0"{bx16"q/"
i/"o
  ,The facilities at the laboratory are
very advanced4
  n>"kt'i:1t"i:"d!ai!"o0"ru`et'k?"-
  #d4 disabled a4 jv1k*1d!a2iu'ax"d!a
  t`33 the disabled iu'e?'ax"w"a!`
  disability n4 {iu'e?'qx'mt"d!ao ax"w"
  ,Wheelchairs that run on electricity
were invented to help the disabled get
around4
  dt"d&"c=1*`d!aq>'my1i:"$"c!aox'a/"iu'
ax"a!`d%"b/"ey1d&"-
  99 get around e:"b/"h(`d&"
  #e4 thrill n4 j:"k*'2ey'qu" & vt4 i:`
ey'qu"
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of the chase4
  s`e+'gu1j|"d>`c+"i:"$"c!aa$'o/`c+"/"
d!al7"kv`-
  ,It thrills ,Mrs4 ,Simpson that her
son was elected as a class leader4
  e?'p/`eu'fw"fw"d$":1h:adx'e~`ov'ax`*'
i:"kv`d%"ey'qu"-
  #f4 admit vt4 a=`e|`k?"g/";bz1gu"
  t`33 be admitted to''' o0"a=`e|`k)'
g/""""
  ,Steven was admitted to the exclusive
club after he passed the background
check4
  i:`d*"qu'f&'k3"o0"ky`d{"b>1r("2r3"a=`
k)'g/"a!"k)'k%'k*1k|"c!"o/"-
  99 exclusive a4 k%'k*1d!a;d/1*'/1:"d!a
  #g4 heartbroken a4 e?'e$"d!a
  f&133 broken-hearted a4
  ,My sister is heartbroken because she
just split up with her boyfriend4
  3`d!am0"m0"e?'e$"c!a2?'$"f>'kx'rv"nv1
s`qu'i(`-
  #h4 handicapped a4 iu'e?'ax"w"d!a2jv1
k*1d!a
  ,Though ,Edward is physically
handicapped1 he has never used this as
an excuse to escape any challenge4
  e$'gv1w"d!1r91d!aiu'f*`s`jv1j8'2dv"f>'
j&1$"*`j:`$1k+"l(`cw1f%1o*"gu"r!1f{`av"-
  #i4 miniature a4 m*1n*`d!a2$1ey1d!a
  ,Sally bought a miniature chair for
her daughter's doll house4
  i>'c*"ox'n|`:1d!a}1k|"/'mw`c!a*'ax'e{`
*`h:a-
  #aj4 inspiration n4 cy1kv`;j*`q>'
  t`33 inspire vt4 k*'q>'2k*'c*"
  inspire sb to ,V k*'c*"/ k/`/`m(`gu1
{h3"o"""
  ,As a writer1 ,Tom gathers inspiration
from everyday life4
  iu'$1h3"k)'2fx'm/`j&1g:"bx1iz'r31a&'
i('k*1cy1kv`-
  ,Paula inspired me to pursue my dream
of opening my own coffee shop4
  o%`c>'k*'c*"3`a$'e41h:"k*`lw'*'k)'l>'
q0'dt"d!amz"e.`-
  #aa4 uplifting a4 cy"gu1au"qu"d!a
  ,Listening to uplifting and
motivational music is said to be good
for our mental health4
  cy1fy'cy"gu1au"qu"rv"k*'c*"gu1e?'d!a?'
8"k|"i3'd$"e?'cy1kt"lx's`ox'a/"-
  99 motivational a4 k*'c*"gu1e?'d!a

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#d 8" #bf g:" a/`f*1k|"e+`h3"

      ,Field ,Trips
      e{"7"k{"e81
  8wish/ hope+ 7that7 h:`k|"0 d!a6"q>`

  &f*1i:"y
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e+`*'pt'8' #aej a:" #agj k!"dv'j:1
7words7 d!ay'=1h3"=12=1qu'c.`d}"2d*"*'
d}"*` ,Like many students around the
world1 ,I have gone on many field trips4
lw'f(1;d*":"d}"h!1*` ,Of all the field
trips ,I have been on1 there is one that
really left a deep impression on me4 lw'
f(1oy"k)'*`q>'av`-
  &e+`h3"e{`av"y
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i/"h:"k*`d$"e{"7"k{"e81d!alv"q>`2e+`h3"
a&"dt`hw"|1i3'my1e{"7"k{"e81d!a*"*"- d*"
:"d}"h!1i3'my1?"e."h$"iu'l!"d!a*'j:"e{"
7"k{"e81k*1j*1y`e.`-
  &d>"kx'y
  c*"6" #b,W 7,What+ ,Which7
  d*"*'d}" ,What is your opinion of
field trips8
  d*":"d}" ,Which field trip left the
biggest impression on you8
  k+1c="k|" ,The visit made me even more
interested in science than ,I was
before4

  d*"*'d}"?`d%`k|"33 ,Like many students
around the world1 ,I have gone on many
field trips4
  a4 ,Even if not all class outings are
that interesting1 ,I still consider them
a good chance to learn something new4
  b4 ,We can also gain a greater
understanding of our world4
  d*":"d}"?`d%`k|"33 ,Of all the field
trips ,I have been on1 there is one that
really left a deep impression on me4
  a4 ,That was the first time ,I went to
the ,National ,Science ,Museum4
  b4 ,Most of the displays were
fantastic1 particularly the ones about
outer space4
  c4 ,When our teacher called us back to
the bus1 ,I wished ,I could have stayed
longer in the museum4
  k+1c="k|"33 ,The visit made me even
more interested in science than ,I was
before4
          33333333333333333333

    &qv"=1y
  ,Like many students around the world1
,I have gone on many field trips4 ,Not
every field trip1 or class outing1 is
interesting4 ,Even if it's not that much
fun1 ,I believe that each class outing
is a good opportunity to learn something
new4 ,With each field trip we go on1 we
gain a greater understanding of our
world4
  ,Of all the field trips ,I have been
on1 there is one that really left a deep
impression on me4 ,It was the time we
went to the ,National ,Science ,Museum4
,The exhibits were excellent1 especially
the ones about outer space4 ,It was
interesting to learn about the planets
and other parts of our vast universe4
,Since it was my first time visiting the
,National ,Science ,Museum1 ,I wanted to
see as much as ,I could4 ,When my
teacher told us it was time to leave1 ,I
wished ,I could have stayed behind4 ,Of
course1 that wasn't possible1 so ,I
boarded the bus along with the rest of
the class4 ,This visit made me even more
interested in science than ,I was
before4
          33333333333333333333

  g/1f&1j~1i:"k+"d!ae|`d3'e81iz'23`jz1
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d$"i:"k+"r$"s`kz"d3'd!ac{`k+`-
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ey"j|"-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,When my teacher told us it was time
to leave1 ,I wished ,I could have stayed
behind4
  a/"*"
  wish/ hope+ 7that7 h:`k|" e*'_""""
  wish a:'r("k+' that h:`k|"i:1{"i:`6"
k)`i!"|`j*"2j:`i:1o{`;-dv"~"-22k/"g3"|`
et"hw"i:"i:1e.'qv`2d&"j:1{"i:`6"k3"j|"
i:" 7g3"$1 be d&"j:12*'c|"i:`6" were72
g3"|`k3"j|"i:"i:1e.'qv`2d&"j:1h!1e|'i:`
6"k3"j|"}1bz1i:"- :1 hope a:'r("k+' that
h:`k|"i:1h!1o{`;-j*1_"-2 a:'*"2j*1r("d&"
j:16"*'ov'i:1fw"-
  ,Cody wished that he could forget the
unpleasant experience he had4
  l("d*1e*'_"h:"k*`nz1_"k*"jz1s`d!ao/"|1
l7"ky't"-
  ,I wish ,I had studied harder when ,I
was young4
  au'e*'_"3`nt1jy'i:1nz1kz"6"k&'ks"r%`
c!a-
  ,I hope you will have time to help me
this weekend4
  3`e*'_"a!"k!"a('m<"n*`s`i:1kt'ox'mx1
3`-
  ,Warren hoped that his sister would
forgive him for breaking her toy4
  r91c=1e*'_"f>'m0"m0"nz1~1c."f>'n&"r7"
c!af>'d!a}1k|"-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 outing n4 7"b/';b/'s1
  #b4 opportunity n4 k*'r$"
  t`33 seize the opportunity o>`3"k*'r$"
  seize vt4 a9'a/"2a3'a/"
  ,You should seize the opportunity to
study abroad4
  n*`y'kw'o>`3"b/'k31cs1e81d!ak*'r$"-
  #c4 exhibit n4 av`cv`{r$"o;av`i:"p?` &
vt4 av`b/'2av`cv`
  t`33 on exhibit av`b/'a&'
  .k on exhibition
  .k on display
  ,Our photographs were on exhibit at
the art competition4
  3`mu1d!ai!"y`h3"p?`hw"*"i/"ky"ew"a&'
av`b/'-
  ,The gallery exhibited works from a
world-renowned graffiti artist4
  kw'r9"cx1av`b/'*'$"=1my1j~1js1d!af/1)'
*"i/"k)'d!ah3"p?`-
  99 graffiti n4 {j.1ix"d!ao f/1)'
  #d4 vast a4 k_`l3"d!a;{c."o ru`d>"d!a
  ,The government plans on putting vast
amounts of money into the country's
education system4
  kw'k31az"q/`k*"r9"f(1g/"d>"c."h:'k?'
hw"k{"|"f*`e*"a&'-
  #e4 board vt4 dz'ix"{b!',b}1,q0'k*'
dz`o
  t`33 aboard prep4 hw"{b!',b}1r3"q0'k*'
dz`k{'f&'k&'k|"o ix"
  ,Passengers are waiting to board the
plane back to ,New ,York ,City4
  bz1l!"az"dz`r("dz'k*'q0'r$1ns`8'i:"-
  ,We got aboard the plane at six
o'clock this morning4
  3`mu1k?'h%`cs"dt`dz'k*'-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  ? a field trip e{"7"k{"e81
  ? outer space 7"fw"l&'
  ? universe n4 |`a("
  t`33 universal a4 j~1|`a("d!a;j~1i:"
k+"d!a;p/`ot"d!a
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 even if''' k*1i:`/ h&"gv1"""
  f&133 even though'''
  ,Even if you are angry1 you shouldn't
take it out on others4
  k*1i:`n*`ru`iz'j*"2+`o/"kw'o>`j*"b/'
hw"o+1gu1iu'ix"-
  ,Even though ,Mandy had a bad cold1
she still went to her son's graduation
ceremony4
  k*1i:`mv"d*"a&"kv`m%"2f>'rw1i:"j|"jv'
k)':1h:ad!ao*"+"dt`c*`-
  #b4 along with''' |`"""*'j*`;*`k*1"""
  t`33 get along with sb |`m(`gu1e.'b/`
  ,My camera was stolen1 along with my
cellphone4
  3`d!ae."k*'ct1f&1i(`k*'*'j*`o0"f('c!a-
  ,It's hard to get along with selfish
people4
  rv"h:"e:'d!agu1e.'b/`i:"*'kt"ru`l="nv1
d!ai:"-
          33333333333333333333

    &k?"k+'qv"=1y
  ,As a student who has often
participated in field trips1 ,I am a
firm believer in the value of class
outings4 ,To me1 these organized
mini-tours of museums1 factories1
historical buildings1 and other places
of interest are superb ways of
broadening students' horizons4 ,Without
class outings1 students would be missing
out on valuable resources for learning4
,Field trips are like windows into the
world outside of school4
  ,While ,I have been on numerous field
trips1 the one that made the biggest
impression on me is the one ,I took with
my classmates last year to the ,National
,Science ,Museum4 ,Since ,I have a keen
interest in astronomy1 ,I found the
astronomical exhibits the most
fascinating4 ,I was in awe of the
informative displays1 and ,I wished ,I
could have spent more time at the
museum4 ,Unfortunately1 we could only
stay for a few hours1 and ,I felt both
frustration and dismay when the teacher
announced that we had to leave4 ,The
visit reinforced my desire to be a
scientist one day1 and it also
highlighted the importance of good field
trips4
          33333333333333333333

  iu'$1*'$"ky'bx1jv'|"e{"7"k{"e81d!ae81
iz'23`kt'e?"e{"7"k{"e81s`j*1k)"a:1- d$"
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k}`,k&'bx`,c*"i:`kt"a/1,k*1j*1f>'s`j|"
d*"qx'd!ae{`c|`ey1i:"f3"av`e81iz'i:"+`
d!ak81k)'qx'i:"- g3"m01s`e{"7"k{"e812e81
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i:"k+"d!ab_'r/"-
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a&'2gx"3`?"e."h$"iu'l!"d!ai:"j|"nt13`rv"
f&1e81jt1_`k31k)'l!'e81o<1/"k}`d!an>"j:"
jv'k}'- s1|13`d$"ft'=1e81s`j.1c+"d!aey"
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+`e*'_"nz1hw"o<1/"k}`dw"ks`*'dt`- l!`e*1
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e81d!aa&"{"ey"-

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#d 8" #bg g:" bx1pt'8"d/1

      ,Japan's ,Mascot ,Culture ,Gets a
,Shake-,Up
      ;-r0'e61-2 c*"rw" e61ou`e61d!amw"
mz1ky'k*"e81
  8bear0 d!a6"q>`

  by ,Brian ,Foden
  ,Despite a 8virtual restructuring0 of
mascots in ,Japan1 a certain cute bear
named ,Kumamon remains popular4
  k?`k}`g:"ou`k*1e.1/"k?"ey1c!a;-e|'n*`
b&1h/`-22*'a:'my1k{"e61ou`e61d!al!`w"e61
e61gz1d>"i("r}'y1-

  ,Japan loves cuteness1 and there may
be nothing cuter than the thousands of
cuddly mascots in the nation that are
used to promote government departments1
cities1 tourist attractions1 and a vast
array of consumer products4 ,However1
there is now a bit of a crisis in this
mascot-land after civic officials across
the country were ordered to reduce their
use of these life-sized mascots1 which
are known in ,Japan as yuru-chara4 ,The
term directly translates to mean 8loose
character10 and1 in this case1 it
signifies gentle or lighthearted
figures4 ,Despite the ,Japanese public's
fondness for mascots1 the government has
determined that a lot of them are really
just a waste of money4 ,Osaka1 for
example1 has cut down on the number of
mascots from #ib to #fi1 meaning the
city doesn't need to hire as many people
to don the mascot costumes and attend
events4
  ,While many yuru-chara have been
downsized in what one ,Osaka official
cleverly described as 8virtual
restructuring10 there is a superstar
among ,Japanese mascots that's unlikely
to ever face the chopping block3 a plump
bear named ,Kumamon4 ,Appearing as a
predominately black bear with big red
circles on his cheeks1 big eyes1 and a
large1 white snout turned into a wide
smile1 ,Kumamon was created in #bjaj4
,The character was part of a campaign to
attract tourists to ,Japan's ,Kumamoto
,Prefecture1 following the opening of a
high-speed rail line in the region4
,From that humble beginning1 ,Kumamon's
popularity grew and grew until he became
a nationwide icon4
          33333333333333333333

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          33333333333333333333

    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 mascot n4 k*1e.1/"
  #b4 virtual a4 e|'n*`d!a
  t`33 virtual reality e|'n*`i:1ky"
  ,The website offers you a chance to
take a virtual tour of outer space4
  a!"k!"_`av"gx"n*`s`k*'r$"f>"ix"e|'n*`
d!a7"fw"l&'a:'c|`-
  ,Virtual reality is the latest trend
in video games4
  e|'n*`i:1ky"i:"dt"}1s1e*"d!ah$"e?'b%1
cs1-
  #c4 restructure vt4 b&1h/`
  t`33 structure vt4 kt"c*";h/`a:' & n4
kt"a/1/"
  ,If our company is going to survive1
it must be seriously restructured4
  g/1k3`3`mu1k&'e:'{"iz'j=1e)"j|"2ks"o*"
e|'{"r%`r%`d*"k?"ey1b&1h/`-
  ,We have to carefully structure and
rehearse each scene4
  3`mu1m0`*'bx`e*"d('o*"e|'gu"au'k("e:'
k*1pw1ct"-
  99 rehearse vt4 pw1ct"
  ,That odd structure is actually a
museum4
  n>"d&"k7"*"d!akt"a/1j*1i:1i:"*'kt'o<1
/"k}`-
  #d4 civic a4 i:"m?1d!a;k&'m?1d!a
  ,It is your civic duty to report your
income and pay your taxes4
  o%"i$"|`k{`i$"i:"n*`y'k?"d!ak&'m?1*"
/"-
  #e4 loose a4 e&'ev`d!a;e&'lw'd!a
  t`33 come loose e&'d&"2e&'lw'
  ,My shoelaces always come loose when
,I am running4
  m0`j:"p%`o/"i:123`d!ae+1dw"h&`i:"r$"
e&'d{"-
  #f4 signify vt4 o{`i:"2*"$"
  ,The frown on ,Ben's face signified
that he was in a bad mood4
  >'ov'a("a!am01f(12o{`i:"f>'e?'jy1o/"
r%`-
  99 frown n4 a("m01f(1
  #g4 don vt4 b}'ix"2dw"ix"2e*"ix"
  f&133 put on'''
  ,Do you know the man donning the blue
jacket8
  n*`gu"i:"n>"$"b}'ix"cv1k)1l!"d!anv1h:`
m>ao
  ,Eric put on his coat before going out
for dinner4
  w"g$"l!"b/'mu1b:'}`jv'jt1b}'ix"f>'d!a
7"f%"-
  #h4 costume n4 q/1a_';e*"q/1
  ,Guests dressed up in elaborate
costumes for the ,Halloween party4
  o?'l!"b}'a!aky'e?'i!"k*"d!aq/1a_'j|"
jv'k)'}"iz"k+1pw"d$"-
  99 elaborate a4 ky'e?'a:"h3"d!a2ky'j{`
d!a
  #i4 downsize vt4 & vi4 {k&'e:',j*"+"
dz`o jw1kt`2e3'e{`k$'m<1
  ,The boss said that we are in danger
of having to downsize our sales staff4
  c%`ov`i3'k&'e:'az"b/`hw"o*"e|'jw1kt`+"
/"~1d!a$1et`b/`ky"a&'-
  99 be in danger of''' s`"""d!a$1et`
  ,The bad economy is forcing businesses
to downsize4
  ky'k*"o/"ky`j*"p<"i:`k&'e:'rx1r%"jw1
~1-
  #aj4 predominately adv4 av"k81d>"d3'
i/"d*"
  ,That party predominately consists of
rich and conservative people4
  n>"k!"az"dx`d>"d3'i/"s1q/"s`rv"o%`i(`
d!agu1i:"h/`bz1-
  99 party n4 az"dx`
          33333333333333333333

    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,Despite a 8virtual restructuring0 of
mascots in ,Japan1 a certain cute bear
named ,Kumamon remains popular4
  a/"*"
  bear n4 e61 & vt4 gu`i(";dw"s` & vi4
y`e.` 7ev'fw"$133 bear1 bore1 borne7
  t`33 cannot bear to ,V /1q>`gu`i(""""
  bear in mind+ that h:`k|" c%1k*""""
  bear on''' d$""""s`y`e.`;|`"""s`k}'e*"
  ,I cannot bear to hear the puppy
whining outside my door every night4
  3`/1q>`gu`i("m0`}`fy'kt"e{`k(`hw"3`mu1
7"w'r%1-
  99 whine vi4 w'r%1
  ,Bear in mind that you'll get nowhere
without working hard4
  jy`c%1k*"2n*`g3"o/"n/`c*"ks"o/"r$"s`
b/'e*1-
  ,I don't know how that information
bears on this case4
  3`o/"a:'d%"n>"e+'e4"e*1ku'a!"j*`v"kt"
s`iu1m!ak}'e*"-
  ky'e~`i:"f*1
  ,Please ---- in mind that this work
takes a great deal of time and energy4
  7,A7 tear 7,B7 gear
  7,C7 wear 7,D7 bear

  ,Grammar ,Tips ,A ky'e~`i:"f*1d>1v"33
,D
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  ? shake-up n4 kw`h/`;f{1az`
  ? cuddly a4 d("gu1e*`w"d!a
  ? lighthearted a4 jy'e&'|1l7"d!a
  ? fondness n4 e*`w"2a&'w"
  t`33 fond a4 e*`r}'d!a2w"r%"d!a{|`k+"
j:1 of oy"6"o
  ? chopping block au'ov`{;-hw"au'ov`
ix"-2 o*`|"jy1i:"o/"m{"2iu"a:"l!`nz1d>"
nv"c?1f(1o
  ? plump a4 px"d/'d/'d!a
  ? snout n4 {d&"/"d!ao l(`o*1o/"
  ? prefecture n4 {g:"ou`d!ao et"
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 an array of''' *'ct1b}"/ *'d>"
d$'"""
  array n4 d>"c.";e*"c+"
  ,I found an array of different colored
socks behind the dryer4
  3`hw"r&'kv'k*'r("mt"a%`d%"*'d>"d$'o/"
f&1t1e!"d!a9"h:a-
  #b4 be ordered to ,V o0"my"cy"{h3"o"""
  ,The soldier was ordered to get rid of
the dangerous insects4
  kw'i:"oy'o0"my"cy"j|"jy'b/1n>"e+'$1et`
d!al='b&1-
  #c4 a waste of''' cx"q0""""
  ,It is a total waste of money to buy
expensive items you don't really need4
  mw`n>"e+'n*`6"o/"a%1d!ax1k$"/"p?`ku'
ou`ks"i:"hw"cx"q0"jt1-
  #d4 cut down on''' e8"kt`/ e3'kt`"""
  ,Marvin needs to find a way to cut
down on his daily expenses4
  m>`=1d0`e.`k!"ov"q>`kt`i%`f>'d!ag:"bx1
lw'e{'-
  #e4 from 7the7 humble beginning
  b/'iu'o0'$1
  humble a4 o0'$1d!a;jt'e|'d!a
  ,The successful businessman emerged
from humble beginnings4
  a!"$"bz1k&'d!aiz'*"gu1b/'iu'o0'$1-
  99 emerge vi4 b/'et"

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#d 8" #bh g:" bx1pt'8"d/1

      ,Japan's ,Mascot ,Culture ,Gets a
,Shake-,Up
      ;-r0'e61-2 c*"rw" e61ou`e61d!amw"
mz1ky'k*"e81
  8measurable0 d!a6"q>`

  ,To say that ,Kumamon has taken ,Japan
by storm would be an understatement4
,The mascot's popularity is actually
measurable4 ,Here are some of the
recognizable bear's impressive
statistics3 ,Kumamon's image is found on
more than #ajj1jjjproducts1 including
almost everything from stickers to
computers1 cars1 and airplanes4 ,In a
survey conducted in #bjaa1 ,Kumamon was
voted as the most liked of all the
mascots in ,Japan1 garnering more than
#bhj1jjj votes4 ,Moreover1 the character
has roughly #ejj1jjj followers on
,Twitter4 ,During the first two years
after ,Kumamon's creation1 it earned a
total of ,,US 4#a.b billion worth in
economic benefits for the prefecture4
,This resulted from ,Kumamon's likeness
being used to promote tourism1 product
sales1 and to generate publicity4
  ,So1 just what accounts for all this
massive marketing success from a
fictional bear mascot8 ,A big part of it
stems from the fact that ,Kumamon is
undeniably cute in a nation famous for
its love of all things kawaii 7a
,Japanese word meaning1 essentially1
8cute074 ,Adorable features1 such as
large eyes and a big1 round face1 pudgy
body1 and a big1 infectious smile1 go an
awfully long way4 ,Kumamon is even more
relatable because he has been imbued
with a specific personality described as
naughty but nice4 ,Indeed1 it's almost
as if ,Kumamon is considered to be a
real animal4 ,After a #f.b magnitude
earthquake struck ,Kyushu in ,April
#bjaf1 messages asking whether ,Kumamon
was okay appeared on social media4
,There is more to the cute bear's
popularity than just how he looks and is
perceived4 ,Another factor is ,Kumamoto
,Prefecture's decision to license the
use of ,Kumamon's image free to those
who wish to employ it4 ,The only catch
is that the products or services must
come from inside the prefecture4 ,It
certainly seems ,Kumamon is here to
stay4

  #a4 ,What crisis is mentioned in the
first paragraph of ,Day #a8
  7,A7 ,There are not enough mascots in
,Osaka4
  7,B7 ,Japanese people are getting
tired of seeing mascots4
  7,C7 ,Governments in ,Japan are
reducing the use of mascots4
  7,D7 ,The demand for mascots in ,Japan
has become too great4
  #b4 ,Why was ,Kumamon created8
  7,A7 ,To promote a high-speed rail
system4
  7,B7 ,To create a national icon for
,Japan4
  7,C7 ,To allow companies to use its
image4
  7,D7 ,To attract visitors to a certain
region4
  #c4 ,Why does the writer mention the
earthquake that hit ,Kyushu in #bjaf8
  7,A7 ,To show how popular and loved
,Kumamon is4
  7,B7 ,To explain how ,Kumamon is used
to sell products4
  7,C7 ,To demonstrate ,Kumamon's
personality4
  7,D7 ,To illustrate the cuteness of
,Kumamon4
  #d4 ,Which is ,,NOT a reason for
,Kumamon's success8
  7,A7 ,Its cuteness4
  7,B7 ,Its owner's free licensing
strategy4
  7,C7 ,Its personal qualities4
  7,D7 ,Its use during a #bjaf
earthquake4
          33333333333333333333

  i3'e61ou`e61*`cy"j~1g:"ou`$1a:'qz'm*`
+`o/"$1k3"- a!"a:'k*1e.1/"d!agu1j*"i:1
k*"ix"i:"l!`*`rz1c.1d!a- a!"c*`s`*'e+'|`
a!"a:'a:'my1d/"k%'d!ae61s`k}'j+`cy"gu1?"
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d3'}"a&`bv`p?`ix"a%`d%"e61ou`e61d!ae{"
e."2o%'k9'j&1f+'a:`d%"dt"n%`,j*"b!'k*1
q0'k*'dz`k*'r/'e3`s`*'j+"- hw" #bjaa nt1
k?"ey1d!a*'e."d{"b>1a&'2e61ou`e61o0"p{"
e~`$1g:"ou`h$"i("e*`w"d!ak*1e.1/"2r3"d!1
b%'k3":"i:1o>'}"ax'e~`p{"- j:`7"2a!"k!"
k{`e!"hw" ,Twitter ix"d>"8's`/`i:1}"my1
a$'h&'a!`- hw"e61ou`e61o0"b_"h%"b/'cw1
r("d!ajt1c.`nt1j*1kt'2f>'$"e61ou`et"a}"
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k_'d/"-
  e3`*`2ks"ky"i:"iu1m!ah%"ks"c!aa!"a:'
e|'k("d!ae61k*1e.1/"d>"k$'m<1d!abz1k&'
ey1e{'n!ao j*1a&'ru`d>"*'o/"qu"i:"s1|1
hw"*'k!"*`e*`w" kawaii {*'k!"g:"|`dv'
j:12k*'ou`ix"i:"a:`;-l!`w"d!a-2o i:"/"=1
my1d!ak31k)'a&'2e61ou`e61i:"o/"l!`q(`gu"
d*"l!`w"- l!`w"d!af!"az'i:"d>"s`ox'a/"
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j+`r$"kv`gv`gu1d!a$1e{"- ?'$"e61ou`e61
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e3`*`kz"nz1?`j*`k&"my1- i:"i:1ix"2e61ou`
e61k*'r/'o0"i:"$1au'az"d!ad&"/"- #bjaf
nt1e:"8"2ks`a('q>'iz'c!acs"dt`:"k*1d*"
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j~1d!ak81dy"- $1*'d!af{1kt"i:"a!"e+'bv`
p?`r3"q/1/"o*"e|'cw1h:"|1e61ou`et"- e61
ou`e61d!ag!"b%1e:"r/'r$"*'a:1qz'm*`e)"
j|"-

  #a4 d*"*'ft'=1ax'd!ad*"*'d}"f*1d%"iu1
m!a."d!a$1k*'o
  7,A7 d>"ov`m01s`h/1k("d!ak*1e.1/"-
  7,B7 g:"ou`gu1d$"|1lv"d%"k*1e.1/"kv`
d%"t"k~"-
  7,C7 g:"ou`az"q/`az"hw"kt`i%`i:`6"k*1
e.1/"-
  7,D7 g:"ou`d$"|1k*1e.1/"d!ae|'js1*`ky'
k3"d>"-
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js1kt`i%`i:`6"a!"e+'|`au'gu1*'."d>"d!a
k*1e.1/" 7j*1hw"g:"ou`o0"bz'h3"
yuru-chara7 a:'r("2a!"k!"k*1e.1/"a:'d*"
g/1k?'j=1s`*'e+'$1k*'2k/" 7,C7 e."y'$1
az"e~`-
  #b4 $"iu1m!ae61ou`e61r$"o0"b_"h%"b/'
cw1o
  7,A7 $"c!af$'k_`k%'e/"f+`c/"e*"f&`-
  7,B7 $"c!ab_"h%"*'k!"g:"ou`d!ak31k)'(`
e."-
  7,C7 $"c!a4`e|`k&'e:'i:`6"j*1e{"e."-
  7,D7 $"c!ae*'?`s1l!"d%"m(`k!"d*"j|'-
  f*1k+`33ku'k|":"i:1j*'g:"=1ax'd*":"
d}"2e61ou`e61|1 #bjaj nt1o0"b_"h%"2e$1
a!ag:"ou`e61ou`et"k%'e/"f+`c/"d!alw'f&'2
kw'k{`e!"*"i:"e*'?`s1l!"jt1_`kw'j|'r31
d&"d!a*'o/"qu"2k/" 7,D7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  #c4 $"iu1m!ah3"a!`f*1d%" #bjaf nt1e*1
k*1ks`a('d!ad*"au"o
  7,A7 $"c!aet`i:"e61ou`e61i:"d3'm!ai("
r}'y1j+`i("d%"e*`w"-
  7,B7 $"c{`k+`i:"e61ou`e61i:"g/1r!1o0"
4"6"cw1e{'i("bv`p?`-
  7,C7 $"c!aav`i:"e61ou`e61d!ak!"ey"-
  7,D7 $"c!ai3'my1e61ou`e61d!al!`w"-
  f*1k+`33ku'k|":"i:1o>'g:"=1ax'd*":"
d}"2 #bjaf nt1e:"8"2ks`a('q>'iz'c!acs"
dt`:"k*1d*"au"r("2hw"i!"k{'m01f*`ix"ks"
b/'et"*'e+'e41="e61ou`e61i:"q(`v'gv1/1."
d!ae4"e*12l!`f$'c="gu1mu1e.'dx'k}'a/"e61
ou`e612k/" 7,A7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  #d4 e)"c+"r!1a!`o/"i:"e61ou`e61bz1k&'
d!a~1?'o
  7,A7 f>'d!al!`w"-
  7,B7 j*1e3`s`j~1gu1d!amt`q0"i:`6"e|`
l!`j!"c8"-
  7,C7 f>'d!ak!"gu1f!"a:1-
  7,D7 f>'hw" #bjaf nt1d*"au"j*1kt'd!a
i:`6"-
  f*1k+`33ku'k|":"i:1o>'g:"=1ax'd*":"
d}"2a!"a:'l!`w"e61e61d!ai("r}'y1bz1d/"
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i("j~1d!ak81dy"2k?` 7,D7 e."$"o0"f*1k*12
k/"$1az"e~`-    n

  d>1v"33 #a4 ,C #b4 ,D #c4 ,A #d4 ,D
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 understatement n4
  o%`i(`d!abu1i/"
  t`33 to say 7that7''' is an
understatement
  i3'"""e}"i:"l!"j*"d!a
  qv`33 overstatement n4 l9'd>"j*1j:1
  ,To say the film was bad is an
understatement4
  i3'a!"o/"dt"y`o/"r%`lv"*`e}"i:"l!"j*"
d!ac!a-
  ,It is an overstatement to say that
,Gina is talented4
  i3'k*1n>"ru`s`jw1r91i:"t1k3"j*1i:1-
  #b4 recognizable a4 l!`ot"gu"d!a
  t`33 recognize vt4 gu"b/'
  ,Is this handwriting recognizable to
you8
  a!"k!"o*`k*'n*`gu"d!ab/'cw1m>ao
  ,I could barely recognize ,Holly after
her makeover4
  r!1c*"ky'k3"d>`ov"r("3`k*'r/'gu"o/"b/'
cw1-
  99 makeover n4 a_'ov"2kw`h%"
  #c4 garner vt4 r3"d!1
  ,The director garnered several awards
for his groundbreaking film4
  n>"$"d%`t`*`f>'b_"e?'d!adt"y`g&1r3"i/"
k!"k.`e."-
  #d4 roughly adv4 d>"8'
  ,Greg owed roughly ,,US 4#aj1jjj in
student loans4
  k!`g$"jt"c!ad>"8'*'}"m0`~1d!ae81iz'dw"
l}`-
  #e4 generate vt4 bv`iz';h%"bz1
  ,More windmills are being used to
generate electricity4
  et"hw"s`8"cw18"d3'd!aqz'b!'o0"6"cw1q>'
dt"-
  99 windmill n4 qz'b!'
  #f4 adorable a4 l!`w"d!a
  ,Michael's dog is so adorable that ,I
can't help playing with it whenever ,I
see it4
  mw"l!`d!ak(`k(`ru`l!`w"2m0`j:"3`lv"d%"
f>'d('r$"gu`o/"a/"ku'f>'}1-
  #g4 infectious a4 b}1gv`{ey"o d!a
  t`33 infectious disease b}1gv`oy"
  ,Kathy was diagnosed with an
infectious disease and had to be
quarantined4
  lw`e*'o0"au`d}"b/'d!1c!ab}1gv`oy":1o*"
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  99 be diagnosed with''' au`d}"b/'c*1
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  quarantine vt4 i:`k!1c*1
  #h4 license vt4 e|`l!`;q>'e|`l!`az" &
n4 a:1a%"
  t`33 be licensed to ,V i("s`h3""""d!a
e|`l!`{az"o
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  ,Dr4 ,Jones is not licensed to
practice medicine in that country4
  j61e:'*'iz'm01s`cy`d%"n>"k!"k31k)'d!a
ey1*'a:1a%"-
  ,David's driver's license was
suspended for drunk driving4
  d>"$"?'$"ks`k)":1o0"d{"l("k)"a%"-
  99 suspend vt4 d{"e{'{k)"a%"o;i:`a&'
a:`
  #i4 employ vt4 i:`6";k/"6"
  ,The factory employed people from the
surrounding towns4
  n>"k)'k&'bx`k/"6"c!aa/"hw"a('h%'bz1au"
d!agu1-
  #aj4 catch n4 k{'r}"f{1kt";?`jx1d!al="
nv1
  ,Most people think the policy would be
a good thing1 but there is a catch4
  d3'i/"gu1gu"$1kw'az"j!"i:"*'kt"r%`i:"2
dv"f>'v"jx1?`s'-
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    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,The mascot's popularity is actually
measurable4
  a/"*"
  measurable a4 l!`j!"c.1d!a;e.'dx'd3'
d!a
  t`33 measure vt4 & vi4 rz1c.1
  measure up to''' q/1r!1"""
  .k live up to'''
  ,We have made measurable progress in
three months4
  a!"ev'k!"8"cw13`mu1*`s`e.'dx'd>"d!ak?"
av`-
  ,Regular tests are used to measure the
students' progress4
  3`mu1dy"j*1k|`ov"l%`i:"cw1rz1c.1e81iz'
d!ak?"o/"jy1l_"-
  ,The trip didn't measure up to what we
had expected4
  a!"fx"c|`ey1oy"o/"q/1r!13`mu1d!aj*1_"-
  ky'e~`i:"f*1
  ,Most children hope they can ---- up
to their parents' expectations4
  7,A7 interfere 7,B7 measure
  7,C7 enroll 7,D7 participate

  ,Grammar ,Tips ,B ky'e~`i:"f*1d>1v"33
,B
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    8,Words to know0
  ? sticker n4 f+'a:`
  ? publicity n4 my1iz';m01f*`p/"k_'
  ? fictional a4 e|'k("d!a
  t`33 fiction n4 e|'k("d!a=1e81h3"p?`
  ? undeniably adv4 /1l!`q(`gu"d*"
  ? pudgy a4 px"d/'d/'d!a;w`px"d!a
  ? awfully adv4 q0'bx12ru`
  ? relatable a4 l!`?`j*`k&"my1d!a
  ? naughty a4 }1p*1d!a2f{1p*1d!a
  ? magnitude n4 {d*"au"o k$'m<1
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 take''' by storm i:`"""$1a:'qz'm*`
  ,This young designer has taken the
fashion industry by storm4
  a!"$"nt1jy'd!ai!"k*"i:'qz'm*`c!aaz`k!"
i:1ix"j~'-
  #b4 result from''' j*`?'|1"""
  ,Social problems like violence result
from poverty4
  e."o%"c*"a!"c0"d!ai!"r$"="f*1bx1j*`?'
|1p?1j61-
  99 poverty n4 p?1j612p?1l="
  #c4 account for''' i:""""d!a~1?';i3'
my1"""
  ,James's unhappy childhood accounts
for his strange behavior4
  av'm/`i:"o/"|1l7"d!af&1nt1i3'my1c!af>'
ey1$1k7"*"d!a~1?'-
  #d4 go a long way d>"s`ox'a/"
  ,In the movie industry1 good looks can
go a long way4
  hw"dt"y`j~'a&'2ax`e."r%`lv"i:"d>"s`ox'
a/"d!a-
  #e4 be imbued with''' b&'mv`"""
  imbue vt4 i:`b&'mv`;iu'iu'y`e.`
  ,The work of that poet is imbued with
deep1 religious feeling4
  kw'$"i:'gu1d!ah3"p?`b&'mv`c!aiu'iu'd!a
h&'k{"a:'jy1-
  #f4 as if''' qx`q/1/ r%`e.""""
  ,John just won the lottery1 but he
acted as if nothing had happened4
  8'rv"kx'kx'a&"c!"f("2dv"f>'j8"o{`et"
d!ag3"/1j*1i:"-
  #g4 be here to stay bz1$1qz'ix"2i("d%"
p/`ot"k+'i("
  f&133 have come to stay
  ,Smartphones are here to stay because
they improve people's lives4
  a:"r$"ey1i(`k*'kw`iv"c!agu1mu1d!aiz'
r312e3`*`bz1$1c!aqz'ix"-
  #h4 get/ be tired of''' d$""""kv`d%"t"
k~"
  ,I am tired of having to take work
home all the time4
  3`d$"|1c%`i:"{"dw"k&'h3"r$1k)'kv`d%"t"
qv1f("dy`-
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    8,For ,Your ,Information0
  e61ou`e612s"*"$1mz1e61r3"e61=12$1g:"
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  jy`ku'k|"k|"*"rv"=1q>`e~`b/'*'k!"h$"
az"j8"d!ad>1v"-
  #a4 ,All of the arrangements should be
completed prior to your ---- to study
abroad4 7#d/#d7
  7,A7 departure 7,B7 hesitation
  7,C7 structure 7,D7 limitation
  #b4 ,Arthur was very ---- when his car
broke down in the middle of a busy
intersection4 7#d/#e7
  7,A7 inspired 7,B7 impressed
  7,C7 embarrassed 7,D7 exhausted
  #c4 ,Fifty years ago1 ,Taipei was ----
different from what it looks like today
because there were few tall buildings4
7#d/#aj7
  7,A7 necessarily 7,B7 diligently
  7,C7 completely 7,D7 deliberately
  #d4 ,Parents should ---- children's
,Internet access so that they do not see
inappropriate material4 7#d/#ab7
  7,A7 violate 7,B7 formulate
  7,C7 highlight 7,D7 regulate
  #e4 ,Since ,I overslept this morning1
,I missed the speech contest that ----
at the school auditorium4 7#d/#aa7
  7,A7 ran errands 7,B7 took place
  7,C7 made sense 7,D7 got along
  #f4 ,Isabelle ---- blushed when a
handsome-looking guy told her that she
was wearing her sweater inside out4
7#d/#ac7
  7,A7 accordingly 7,B7 immediately
  7,C7 respectfully 7,D7 traditionally
  #g4 ,My brother ---- playing video
games during the entire winter vacation
and didn't do anything meaningful4
7#d/#ad7
  7,A7 consisted in 7,B7 originated in
  7,C7 resulted in 7,D7 indulged in
  #h4 ,The professor sets ----
deadlines1 so you will lose points for
handing in your paper late4 7#d/#af7
  7,A7 poetic 7,B7 naive
  7,C7 strict 7,D7 fatal
  #i4 ,Sometimes1 stress can be helpful4
,If managed properly1 it can become
the ---- to perform better4 7#d/#ai7
  7,A7 motivation 7,B7 document
  7,C7 compromise 7,D7 boundary
  #aj4 ,Every four years1 people the
world over watch ,Olympic athletes ----
in various events4 7#d/#bj7
  7,A7 compete 7,B7 hesitate
  7,C7 quarrel 7,D7 murmur
  #aa4 ,The government has announced
that it will take action to ---- poverty
in the country4 7#d/#ba7
  7,A7 advocate 7,B7 eliminate
  7,C7 delegate 7,D7 coordinate
  #ab4 ,People who can't ---- new
environments tend to have a great deal
of difficulty in life4 7#d/#bc7
  7,A7 lie in 7,B7 take on
  7,C7 adapt to 7,D7 marvel at
  #ac4 ,If ,I were given the ---- to
audition for a play now1 ,I would jump
at the chance4 7#d/#bf7
  7,A7 perspective 7,B7 perseverance
  7,C7 opposition 7,D7 opportunity
  #ad4 ,People can now explore a
shipwreck from ,World ,War ,,II by using
these ---- reality headsets4 7#d/#bg7
  7,A7 virtual 7,B7 technical
  7,C7 immortal 7,D7 external
  #ae4 ,There were ---- #a.e million
people unable to work last ,September
because of hurricanes ,Harvey and
,Irma4 7#d/#bh7
  7,A7 verbally 7,B7 superstitiously
  7,C7 roughly 7,D7 predominately

  d>1v"33 #a4 ,A #b4 ,C #c4 ,C #d4 ,D
#e4 ,B
  #f4 ,B #g4 ,D #h4 ,C #i4 ,A #aj4 ,A
  #aa4 ,B #ab4 ,C #ac4 ,D #ad4 ,A
#ae4 ,C
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