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  by ,paul ,h9es
  ,madagasc>'s unique capital &! c.Try's
4t9ctive culture o6} adv5tur|s t|ri/s !
trip (a life"T4
  ,"o ( ,tana's mo/ fam|s build+s 0
built 9! late #ai? c5tury & is call$ !
,palais d',&afiav>atra1 or 8,&afiav>atra
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"Kn td z ! ,&afiav>atra museum4 ,h{"E1
,malagasy culture is n j limit$
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2lieve t a p}son has n -pletely di$
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  ,9 spite ( ,antanan>ivo's social
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hi/or y1 ! c.Try's vibrant culture &
unique tradi;Ns o6} t|ri/s :o >e se>*+
=a g5u9e adv5ture ! trip (a life"T4

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  by ,paul ,h9es
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nv1_"d!a*'j:"l%`i:"ky't"- :1o/"k}`i:"n>`
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ky't"jw1i:"h$"a&"{"j+`nv1nz1l!`k$"d!al

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  d*"*'d}"33cy"3`?"e."h$"iu'l!"d!a*'j:"
l%`i:"ky't"k*1j*1c*`s1-
  3`?"e."h$"iu'l!"d!a*'j:"i:"k?'nt1nt1
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f&'k3"a!"k!"l%`i:"c!a-
  hw"*'j*`ct"e*1d!ak3"bz1a&'rv"f&1e81bz1
c!aau'az"{"r%`d!apz1s`-

  c*"6" #b ,w + #a ,h 7,: + ,:y + ,h{7
  d*"*'d}"  ,: exam t ,i've tak5 made !
bi7e/ impres.N on me & :y8
  ,! te/ t made ! bi7e/ impres.N on me 0
! "o ,i took = my music class e>li} ?
ye>4
  ,! exam 9volv$ 2+ on /age 9 front ( an
audi;E :ile play+ a di6icult s;G on !
flute4
  ,= me1 x wasn't t easy4
  d*":"d}"  ,h{ wd ,i 2nefit f ? exam8
  ,z soon z ,i he>d ! audi;E clapp+1 ,i
knew ,i _h pass$ ! exam4
  ,my classmate & ,i 2came re,Y gd frs
9! process ( practic+ ! flute tgr4
  k+1c="k|"  ,i ?9k ! exp}i;E 0 valua#
2c ,i sp5t s m* "t prep>+ = x & ,i 2came
re,Y gd frs ) my classmate 9! process4

&d>"kx'y
  a/`f*1k|"33
  ,! te/ t made ! bi7e/ impres.N on me 0
! "o ,i took = my music class e>li} ?
ye>4
  a4 ,! exam 9volv$ 2+ on /age 9 front (
an audi;E :ile play+ a di6icult s;G on !
flute4
  b4 ,= me1 x wasn't t easy4
  q>'av`k|"33
  ,6prep>e =! music exam1 ,i practic$ =a
few ni<ts )a classmate :o 0 a 2tt} flute
play} ?an ,i was4
  a4 ,! ni<t 2f ! exam1 we practic$ up
until midni<t4
  b4 ,z ,i he>d ! audi;E clapp+1 ,i knew
,i _h pass$ ! exam4
  k+1c="k|"33
  ,i ?9k ! exp}i;E 0 valua# 2c ,i sp5t s
m* "t prep>+ = x & 2came re,Y gd frs )
my classmate 9! process4

&qv"=1y
  ,z a /ud5t1 ,i've tak5 _m exams ov} !
ye>s4 ,h{"E1 ! te/ t made ! bi7e/
impres.N on me 0 ! "o ,i took = my music
class e>li} ? ye>4 ,! exam 9volv$ 2+ on
/age 9 front ( an audi;E :ile play+ a
di6icult s;G on ! flute4 ,= me1 x wasn't
t easy4 ,al? ,i 5joy ! flute1 ,i 0 n
re,Y t pr(ici5t a play} at t "t4 ,i knew
t x wd 2 a big *all5ge = me 6n only play
! s;G well1 b 6d x 9 front (a cr{d4
  ,6prep>e =! music exam1 ,i practic$ =a
few ni<ts )a classmate :o 0 a 2tt} flute
play} ?an ,i was4 ,! ni<t 2f ! exam1 we
play$ tgr = s"Eal h|rs up until midni<t4
,dur+ ! te/1 ,i 0 v n}v|s1 b ,i surpris$
myf 0do+ v well4 ,z soon z ,i he>d !
audi;E clapp+1 ,i knew ,i _h pass$ !
exam4 ,i ?9k ! exp}i;E 0 valua# 2c ,i
sp5t s m* "t prep>+ = x & ,i 2came re,Y
gd frs ) my classmate 9! process4
  iu'$"*'my1e81iz'2k3"j|"k*`nt1cw13`*`
jv'k)'k3"e|`d3'l%`i:"- gv1:123`?"e."h$"
iu'l!"d!a*'j:"i:"k?'nt1nt1b/'?'8"l!"ix"
d!al%`i:"- a!"bx`l%`i:"e|'{"av"hw"k.`fw1
ix"mt"d$"k}'a&"2f&1i:1*`bx1d*1t`h("*'i(`
l="nv1d!ak!'j|`- d$"3`cw1i3'2a!"oy"q0'
n>"m!ag&1*"- e$'gv13`e*`w"b$'bx1d*12dv"
3`hw"n>"i:1oy"q0'au'd!ahw"rx1- 3`a:'d%"
o/"a:`{"t`h("r%`kw'j|`m/"j+`rw1{"hw"*'
j41k}'a&"jt1mt"t`h("2a!"d$"3`cw1i3'i:"*'
e."ru`d>"d!af{`av"-
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*'$"bx1d*1o*`3`t`h("d!1r%`d!af&1e81ct"
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mu1*'j*`ct"e*1c!ar%`k*`k!"e{`i:12a:1d%"
ov"+"- hw"l%`i:"k3"bz1a&'23`q0'bx1k?`
ax'2dv"3`d$"h:"k*`d!ar%`o{`et"kv`d%"ky'
)"- 3`*'fy'd%"k}'a&"d!aax`iz'ks"a:'d%"3`
f&'k3"a!"k!"l%`i:"c!a- 3`k81d!aa!"k!"ky'
t"ru`s`k)"a:12?'$"3`r9'c!aa!"m!ad3'd!a
i:1kt'cw1a=`o0"a!"bx`l%`i:"2:1j+`hw"k3"
bz1a&'rv"f&1e81bz1c!aau'az"{"r%`d!apz1
s`-

8,gramm> ,tips0
  ,z a /ud5t1 ,i've tak5 _m exams ov} !
ye>s4
  a/"*"
  j:`b/"?'s`i:1kt'q/"j:1pt"|` ov} ! ye>s
{k3"j|"k*`nt1cw1o2k/"e|'|`et"hw"}1bz1i:"
r3"et"hw"}1bz1k?"ey1i:"oy"6"- j:`c0"pt"
|`ix"s`33
  ov}/ =/ dur+/ 9+ ! pa// la/+ week/
mon?/ ye>/ decade/ c5tury
  k3"j|"*'ey'j*1/ *'k!"8"/ *'nt1/ i:1
nt1/ *'i:"k*"*`cw1{d%"et"hw"o
  ov}/ =/ dur+/ 9 + ! pa// la/ + few/
i/"h:" + "Ds/ weeks/ mon?s/ ye>s/
decades/ c5turies
  k3"j|""""""{i/"o ft'/ ey'j*1/ 8"/ nt1/
i:1nt1/ i:"k*"*`cw1{d%"et"hw"o
  ,|r t{n is boom+4 ,! popul,N has d|#d
ov} ! pa/ #aj ye>s4
  3`mu1d!ae{`au"pz1o<1q>'av`- k3"j|"i:1
nt1cw1d!agu1l(`*`bz1ax`c!a*'o0"-
  ,jane has visit$ five c.Tries ov} !
pa/ few mon?s4
  >'au'k3"j|"k*`k!"8"*`ky'h%"qx`k3"/`k!"
k31k)'c!a-
  ,nick hasn't 25 feel+ well =! la/ few
"Ds4
  n*1l!"k3"j|"k*`ft'cw1*'a:1kv`d%"o/"
i:"-

8,~Ws & ,phrases 9,use0
  #a4 9volve vt4 e|'{"2o%'rv1
  ,! rescue op},N 9volv$ s"Eal
helicopt}s4
  a!"k!"ks"~1ey1d&"e|'{"d&"6"d%"r%`k*`
k)"a:1iz'k*'-
  99helicopt} n4 a:1iz'k*'
  #b4 audi;E n4 k}'a&"{k*1r!1my1j:1o
  t`33 a l>ge/ small audi;E  *'d>"j41/
*'e{`j41k}'a&"
  an audi;E ( + i/"h:"  g3"kv'k}'a&"
  ,a l>ge audi;E came 6wat* ! musical4
  *'d>"j41k}'a&"jt1cw1k}'ix`a!"b/'?'8"
k|"-
  ,! 3c}t drew an audi;E ( #e1jjj4
  a!"bx`t`bx"r$"e*'?`c!a/`jt'my1k}'a&"-
  #c4 cr{d n4 *'j41gu1 & vt4 k*`mv` &
vi4 j41k|"
  t`33 cr{d >.D/ r.D''' $1k|""""""
  ,a lot ( factory "W}s cr{d$ ! s1food
re/aurant4
  e|`d3'k&'bx`k&'gu1k*`mv`c!aa!"k)'rw`
et'jv'fy'-
  ,! /ud5ts cr{d$ >.D _! t1*} 6wat* h} d
a *emi/ry exp}i;T4
  n>"e+'e81iz'$1k|"hw"c%`i:'iu'px1lv"f>'
h3"r9"e81i:1t"-
  #d4 n}v|s a4 k?`ax'd!a2k{'c|"o/"v'd!a
  ,! sp1k} /utt}$ "? 8 5tire pres5t,N 2c
he 0 n}v|s4
  n>"$"k.`a!`ru`k?`ax'2e3`*`hw"az`k!"i3'
my1r$"k3"bz1a&'o/"fy1k+'o>'-
  99/utt} vi4 k+'o>'2l(`k*1
  #e4 clap vi4 & vt4 pw'i(`2k/`ax`
  7ev'fw"$133 clap1 clapp$1 clapp$47

8,practical ,phrases0
  #a4 make an/ !''' impres.N on sb
  k0`m(`gu1cs1e)""""""?"e."
  impres.N n4 ?"e."
  ,m>k wore a suit 6make a gd impres.N
on 8 girlfr's p>5ts4
  m>`l!"b}'e*'a_'e.`gx"n|`s`d!aq/"m/`d$"
h:"k*`s`r%`?"e."-
  #b4 2 on /age  hw"/`fw1ix"o{`t`
  o*`k{"  on ! /age  hw"/`fw1ix"
  ,n9a loves 2+ on /age & p}=ms 9 plays
:5"E %e c4
  n*1n>"e*`r}'o{`t`2a:`{"s`k*'r$"f>'ks"
hw"e*"k|")"*'k{`-
  ,i j >rang$ ! furniture on ! /age =!
next sc5e4
  3`kx'kx'$"e)"k!"bx`ky`hw"/`fw1ix"ow`
i!"k)'k|"-
  #c4 9! process  hw"k3"bz1a&'
  t`33 9! process (''' hw""""""d!ak3"bz1
a&'
  ,! -pany is 9! process ( exp&+ xs
produc;N l9e4
  a!"k)'k&'e:'az"hw"l3"b&'j*1iz'bv`et"-

8,~Ws 6"k0
  flute n4 bx1d*12rz1d*1
  t`33 play ! flute  b$'d*1h:a
  play ! guit>  fv1k*1f>'
  play ! drums  d>`k/`

&k?"k+'qv"=1y
  ,( all ! num}|s exams ,i've tak5 z a
/ud5t1 "o 9 "Picul> /&s | 9 my memory3 a
music te/ la/ ye> 9 : ,i _h 6play a
di6icult s;G on ! flute4 ,i m/ admit t
my musical aptitude is n z grt z _m o!r
p's1 ev5 ?|< ,i d 5joy play+ ! 9/ru;T4
,z a result1 ,i 0 q n}v|s ab ! upcom+
te/1 especi,Y s9ce ,i knew ,i wd h 6p}=m
9 front ( n only my t1*} b al an audi;E
made up ( my classmates4 ,=tunately1 "o
( my classmates :o 0 a sup}ior flute
play} saw ,i 0 worri$ & su7e/$ t we
practice tgr4
  ,i rehe>s$ ) my fell{ classmate =
ne>ly a week 2f ! exam1 9clud+ ! ni<t 2f
! big "d4 ,on ! "d (! exam1 al? ,i knew
,i _h improv$ my play+ abil;Y ?anks 6my
repetitive practic+1 ,i / _h butt}flies
9 my /oma*4 ,despite t1 ,i manag$ 6p}=m
at a hi<} level ?an ,i _h "e a*iev$ 2f4
,lat}1 ,i f.D t ,i _h easily pass$ !
exam6 ,9 a4i;N 6ac+ ! music te/ & gett+
2tt} at ! flute1 ,i 2came re,Y gd frs )
my classmate "? ~? _m h|rs ( practic+4

  3`dx'e81iz'i:1e3`jv'|"d!a/1i/"l%`i:"
a&'2j*1a&'s`*'bx`l%`i:"f!"o+1hw"3`d!ak*"
*"a&'c*"ks`m*1e?'"1n>"ks"i:"j|"nt1d!a?'
8"l!"l%`i:"2l%`i:"a&'3`o*"e|'6"bx1d*1t`
h("*'i(`l="nv1d!aj|`m/"- 3`o*"e|'bz1gu"2
e$'gv13`ru`e*`r}'t`h("8"j*"2dv"3`d!a?'8"
ft'q/"oy"o/"g/1e|`d3'gu1*'."r%`- ?'j:`2
3`e.'dx'dv'e?'k*1k.'d%"cw1d!al%`i:"2s1
j*1i:"hw"3`a:'d%"3`o/"a:`i:"{"hw"c%`i:'
mt"jt1t`h("2rw1{"hw"*'j41d('i:"f&1e81d!a
k}'a&"mt"jt1t`h("- ey"r%`23`d!aj*1a&'*'
$"f&1e81i:"s'es"d!abx1d*1t`h("a!`2f>'lv"
d%"3`ru`dv'e?'ot"kt"*"*'f&1ct"e*1-
  l%`i:"jt123`rv"3`d!ar3`ov"*'j*`pw1ct"
c!ak?"*'k!"ey'j*12o%'k9'd>"l%`d!ajt1*'
}`- hw"l%`i:"dx'ft'2k?`k}`3`a:'d%"3`d!a
t`h("nz1c*"?'$"o/"d}"ct"e*1:1k?"o/"c!a2
dv"dx'ft'3`gz1gv1k?`ax'o/"*`- k?`k}`g/1
j:`23`n/`c*"o{`et"d!1o*`3`a:'jt1ct"e*1
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et"3`jy'*"d!af&'k3"c!al%`i:"l b/1c!a?'8"
l%`k%'qu'j+`bx1d*1b$'d!18"cw18"b=1i(1a:'
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3`d!af&1e81bz1c!aau'az"{"r%`d!apz1s`-
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  #g 8" #ac g:" 8"d/1{j!"t"o
    ,no?+ ,goes 6,wa/e 9,9dia
    /"k?"j*16"
    8h dx'i:`*"d&"j:10 d!a6"q>`

  by ,bruce ,e4 ,bagnell
  ,:at is unimag9a# 9 o!r >1s (! _w is
"p ( "Ey"D life 9,h9du ,9dia4
  hw"i:"k+"j*1f>'d*"qx'i:"cy"gu1nv1*`e.`
e."d!ajy1ky`2:1hw"e?"qz"?"d/"k{"d!a?"d/"
j8"i:"g:"bx1iz'r31a&'d!a*'o/"qu"-

  ,y c buy j ab any?+ onl9e ~! "Ds4
,major onl9e retail}s 9,*9a1 ,9dia1 &!
,we/ >e do+ a boom+ busi;S tak+ ord}s f
,9t}net cu/om}s & hav+ !m deliv}$
directly 6_! homes4 ,?|< ,9dia is / a
poor c.Try1 x hasn't /opp$ ! boom ( us+
onl9e s}vices 6place ord}s1 especi,Y =
c;Y resid5ts4 ,t 9cludes1 ( all ?+s1 c{
dung patties4
  ,if y "k any?+ ab ,h9du ,9dia1 y %dn't
2 surpris$1 ?|<4 ,c{s h 25 wor%ipp$
0,h9dus = mill5nia4 ,! sacr$;S ( c{s ev5
9cludes _! poop1 : is an 5viron;T,Y frly
s|rce ( f}tiliz} & c 2 us$ 6li<t fires =
cook+4 ,raw dung is mix$ ) dry hay & !n
p.D$ 96a hamburg}-patty %ape4 ,hundr$s (
millions ( cattle w&} >.D ! c.Try1
unbo"!d 0? religi|s n,N1 & millions m >e
rais$ = transport,N1 milk1 & dung4 ,c{s
f1ture prom95tly 9 _m religi|s
c}emonies1 s* z ,diwali & ,lohri4 ,_m
,9dians >e veget>ians1 s1 unlike mo/ o!r
c.Tries1 cattle >e norm,Y n slau<t}$ =
_! m1t or sk94 ,"s ,h9du ca/es &
,muslims >e free f ? re/ric;N1 ?|<4
  ,mo/ (! ord}s = dung cakes -e f c;Y
resid5ts1 :o >e too busy 6scav5ge = c{
poop 9! /reets or :o h too ll space
6raise s* a huge animal4 ,_m 7 born &
rais$ 9! c.Tryside1 ": religi|s tradi;Ns
>e gr1tly respect$4 ,!y want 63t9ue
obs}v+ _! *ildhood fe/ivals1 mo/ ( :
9clude ! burn+ ( c{ patties4 ,?us1 !y
turn 6onl9e retail}s 6meet _! ne$s4
,imag9e rcvg a ,lohri ,new ,ye>'s pres5t
( c{ dung patties1 gift-wrapp$1 no less1
f ,amazon or e,bay6

  #a4 ,:at is ? r1d+ ma9ly ab8
7,a7 ,important religi|s fe/ivals 9
     ,9dia4
7,b7 ,! use ( c{ dung 0,h9dus4
7,c7 ,! onl9e retail+ busi;S 9,9dia4
7,d7 ,di6};Es 2t rural & urban ,9dians4
  #b4 ,:at is sd ab onl9e retail+ 9
,9dia8
7,a7 ,2c ,9dia is a poor c.Try1 "! is ll
     ( x4
7,b7 ,only urban resid5ts c take
     advantage ( x4
7,c7 ,x is availa# only dur+ religi|s
     fe/ivals4
7,d7 ,x is gr{+ v qkly4
  #c4 ,: (! foll{+ is true ab ,h9dus1 ac
6! r1d+8
7,a7 ,!y specialize 9 mak+ l1!r crafts4
7,b7 ,!y practice ! same tradi;Ns z
     ,muslims4
7,c7 ,!y h made & eat5 c{ dung patties =
     mill5nia4
7,d7 ,!y wor%ip & protect _! cattle4
  #d4 ,:y d _m c;Y resid5ts 9,9dia rely
on ! ,9t}net 6buy c{ dung patties8
7,a7 ,!y want 6%{ o!rs h{ te*nic,Y
     pr(ici5t#ab !y >e4
7,b7 ,!y want 6%{ o!rs h{ ri* !y >e4
7,c7 ,x is m* m 3v5i5t 6d s4
7,d7 ,!y refuse 6approa* c{s 2c ( _!
     religion4

8,~Ws 6"k0
  ,h9du a4 ?"d/"{k{'o d!a & n4 ?"d/"k{"
f/1
  onl9e retail}  et"ix"cy1i("ix'
  retail} n4 cy1i("ix'
  boom n4 qv1g&12ey'_"{ou`=1|"$"g!"b%1o
  dung n4 {d&"/"d!ao qu"ot"
  mill5nia n4 jt'e*`nt1{q/"i/"ey1o
  t`33 mill5nium n4 jt'e*`nt1{dv'i/"ey1o
  sacr$;S n4 iu1iz"
  t`33 sacr$ a4 iu1iz"d!a
  a sacr$ c{  o/"g&1a:1*1d!ae?"nt"/ e*1
e/1
  f}tiliz} n4 q01c{"
  t`33 f}tilize vt4 i:'q01|1;i:`i("4"
  hay n4 kv'j%`
  ca/e n4 a&`ey";a&`ey"a:"d/";i!"r$"k+'
k*1
  gift-wrapp$ a4 o%'a_'bz1c*`p?`d!a
  wrap vt4 o%';k3` & n4 o%'a_'a:`;o%`et'
m<"{o/"l!`i/`my1j:1o

8,practical ,phrases0
  #a4 g 6wa/e  o0"cx"q0"d{"
  ,i alw eat "Ey?+ on my plate 2c ,i 0
tau<t n 6let food g 6wa/e4
  3`h&`i:"r$"o>`pv1n0"e3`s`d&'e*'b:'}12
?'$"3`o0"k{"d%`o/"nz1cx"q0"i:1/"-
  #b4 j ab''' k*'r/'""""";b>"o/"d3'"""""
  ,te5ag}s t5d 64agree ) _! p>5ts on j
ab "Ey?+4
  jy'i%"nt1_`_`m0`*'kt"i:"d('rv"q/"m/`
bx"qv`d{"-
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  ord} n4 dy"r3";dy"k("
  t`33 place an ord}  e)"dy"dv'
  ,we took an ord} =a jacuzzi at ! /ore
td4
  k?'ft'3`mu1dt"c*`k+'d%"*'h/`v"m<1|"kx'
d!ady"dv'-
  99jacuzzi n4 v"m<1|"kx'
  ,laura plac$ an ord} = ba?room
furniture "o mon? ago4
  c31c>'hw"*'k!"8"jt1dy"k("c!a|"i:"6"d!a
k)'k|"-
  #d4 w&} >.D 7'''7 {hw""""""q/"k?"o et1
r_"
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  #e4 2 free f/ (''' mt`|1/ m01s`"""""
  ,no "o is free f faults4
  gu1q0'iz"et12i/1nz1/1k3"-
  #f4 turn to''' js1a/"|1""""";a}`:1
{h3"o"""""
  ,"s ( my frs >e turn+ 6private tutors
6get ah1d at s*ool4
  $"c!a{"y1k3"ov'ix"j*1f>'f&1e8123`d!a*'
e+'pz1s`az"js1a/"|1k)'k{"-
  99get ah1d  cy`et'
  #g4 no less  rw1i:"2ky"i:"
  ,! aw>d 0 pres5t$ 0! presid5t1 no
less4
  a!"k!"k.`e."ky"i:"s1h&`f&`ov'q>'d!a-
  #h4 take advantage (''' c*"6""""""
  f&133 make use ('''
  ,! wise take advantage ( mi/akes1 ":as
! /upid only regret mi/akes !y h made4
  j&'my1d!agu1j&1j3"/"a&'e81e*12:1|1a!`
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