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#f 8" #a g:" 8"d/1{j!"t"o
  ,Study ,Looks at ,Young ,Picky ,Eaters
  nt1s"f{'i:1a!`d!at1ks"
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#f 8" #b g:" qv'*"
#f 8" #c g:" e?'=1k*1k?`
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#f 8" #f g:" l!"c("h:"
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#f 8" #g g:" j:1r$"j!"t"
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        ,June ,Letter to the ,Editor
#bjaf

  ,We here at ,Ivy ,League love all
kinds of music1 especially tunes that
make you want to dance4 ,Hip-hop has
only been around since the early #aigjs
in ,New ,York ,City4 ,Now1 a creative
,Broadway musical takes hip-hop back to
the #ahjjs in ,Hamilton4 ,Learn more
about this sold-out show ,A ,Hip-,Hop
,Twist on ,American ,History4 ,If
hip-hop is your thing1 maybe you like
tattoos1 too4 ,An amazing tattoo artist
is doing things in a different way4 ,In
,Tattoos by ,Foot1 read about ,Brian
,Tagalog who overcame many obstacles to
pursue his dream of making art4 ,In many
places1 people do tattoos with sticks of
bamboo4 ,In ,Taiwan1 bamboo culture
dates back centuries4 ,Check out
,Bamboos ,Rich ,Connection to ,Taiwan
this month and make yourself a lot
smarter in the process4
          33333333333333333333

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#f 8" #a g:" 8"d/1{j!"t"o

        ,Study ,Looks at ,Young ,Picky
,Eaters
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  by ,Brian ,Foden
  ,Research shows that picky eating in
children could be a sign of bigger
issues4
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  ,A study published in the journal
,Pediatrics in ,August #bjae suggests
that children who are picky eaters are
more likely to suffer from psychological
problems such as depression1 anxiety1
and attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder 7,,ADHD74 ,Academics at the
,Duke ,University ,Center for ,Eating
,Disorders examined the association
between a pattern of so- called
8selective eating0 in childhood and the
above-mentioned problems by doing
research on #iag children aged from two
to almost six4 ,The nearly #a1jjj
subjects were enrolled in a study on
anxiety1 and tests were done to examine
the kids' levels of anxiety4
,Researchers learned that about #bj`0 of
those children were picky eaters1 who
only ate a limited number of foods4
,Three percent could be classified as
8severe selective eaters10 which meant
they were so picky about the food they
ate that they couldn't eat with others
since they often couldn't eat outside of
their homes4 ,Those in the extremely
picky group were found to be twice as
likely to be diagnosed as having
depression compared to children who
weren't selective eaters4 ,Moreover1
they were discovered to be seven times
more likely to experience social
anxiety1 a fear of interacting with
other people in social situations4
  ,Although the findings may be
worrisome to parents1 ,Nancy ,Zucker1
director of the ,Duke ,University
,Center for ,Eating ,Disorders1 said
moms and dads shouldn't be overly
concerned by the study's results4 ,They
merely highlight the possibility that
picky eating is a sign of some type of
psychological problem4 ,In other words1
selective eating could be seen as a
signal that parents should take a closer
look at their child's psychological
well-being1 but parents should
ultimately make their own judgments as
to whether they should take their
concerns more seriously4

  #a4 ,What does the study indicate
about children who are picky eaters8
  7,A7 ,They are less successful when
they reach adulthood4
  7,B7 ,They are more likely to have
emotional problems4
  7,C7 ,They are extremely heavy eaters4
  7,D7 ,They need professional help to
be less picky eaters4
  #b4 ,Which of the following statements
is true8
  7,A7 ,The research examined kids who
were older than six4
  7,B7 ,Pediatrics is a book written by
,Nancy ,Zucker4
  7,C7 ,Nancy ,Zucker is a parent of a
picky eater4
  7,D7 ,Almost #a1jjj children partici
pated in the study4
  #c4 ,How many subjects were found to
be seven times more likely to have
social anxiety8
  7,A7 #c`04
  7,B7 #bj`04
  7,C7 ,About #ej`04
  7,D7 ,All of them4
  #d4 ,What does ,Nancy ,Zucker say
about the research results8
  7,A7 ,They could help alert parents to
problems their kids might have4
  7,B7 ,They show picky eating isn't
such a big problem4
  7,C7 ,They suggest selective eating is
a common phenomenon4
  7,D7 ,They can be used to find a cure
for selective eating4
          33333333333333333333

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    8,Words to know0
  99pediatrics n4 e{`:1l!'
  99psychological a4 e?'c*`{ix"o d!a
  99attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder 7,,ADHD7 a/"*"c*"o/"h/1k3"d&"
az"
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  hyperactivity n4 k3"d&"
  disorder n4 i:'f{1
  99above-mentioned a4 ix"i/"d!a
  99findings n4 t1ks"q>'et"{rz16"q/"i/"o
  99phenomenon n4 et"e."{dv'i/"o
  t`33 phenomena n4 et"e."{q/"i/"o
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 do research on''' h3""""qx'mt"
d!at1ks"
  ,After doing research on the ,Zika
virus1 medical personnel have come up
with a way to stop it from spreading4
  au'd$"h:'l>`oy"d/1k?"ey1t1ks"r("2*'c{1
gu1~1f*1b/'c!aqx1a:`j*1mv"t1d!aqx'q>`-
  99medical personnel n4 *'c{1gu1~1
  #b4 be enrolled in''' {i:`o a/"j!"/
dz'k*"ix"{e81e{",l!"bz1o
  f&133 enroll in'''
  ,Larry was enrolled in a class on
,Shakespeare this semester4
  cw"g$"a!"k!"e81j*1*`ky'e~`c!a*'mu1s`
k}'i>'i:"o*`)`d!al!"c!a-
  #c4 be classified as''' o0"qu'c0"/ k$'
c0"$1"""
  f&133 be categorized as'''
  classify vt4 qu'c0"
  ,The ,National ,Weather ,Service says
the hot weather in the ,Cape of ,Good
,Hope can now be classified as a
heatwave4
  k31k)'j*"e."k|1a:`b/'r%`_"k{`a:"g!"d!a
ft'j*"l!`o0"qu'c0"$1g!"cx"-
  #d4 be picky about''' d$""""ru`f{'
f*"/ k.`ks"
  f&133 be particular about'''
  .k be choosy about'''
  ,The owner is very picky about the
materials the designer uses in his
house4
  a!"$"/'a/`d$"kw'i!"k*"i:'hw"f>'qx1h:a
ix"e3`i:`6"d!ae/"jw1q0'bx1f{'f*"-
  #e4 be diagnosed as+ k*1oy"{ey1g&1j:1o
o0"au`d}"r}"s`"""k*1oy"
  diagnose vt4 au`d}"
  t`33 be diagnosed with+ k*1oy"{my1j:1o
o0"au`d}"r}"s`"""k*1oy"
  ,The patient's illness was diagnosed
as diabetic4
  kw'oy"gu1d!ak*1oy"o0"au`d}"$1fx1n{"
oy"-
  ,Stella was diagnosed with a stomach
ulcer last week4
  i:`dw"c>'ix"k!"ey'j*1o0"au`d}"b/'c*1
r}"$"l$".1-
  99ulcer n4 l$".1
  #f4 interact with''' |`"""r/"d&"
  ,People with autism find it hard to
interact socially with others4
  r}"s`h:"o*"az"d!agu1ru`nv1|`f>'gu1i!"
k{'r/"d&"-
  99autism n4 h:"o*"az"
  #g4 alert sb to sth ky`i:"m(`gu1m(`i:"
  ,The beeping noise made from the smoke
detector alerted us to the smoke coming
from the kitchen4
  s1t'/"fv"j!"j*"e3`q>'b/'d!ao*"o*"iz'
ky`k%"3`mu1s`t'/"j&1b/1qx1p{'b/'cw1-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,A study published in the journal
,Pediatrics in ,August #bjae suggests
that children who are picky eaters are
more likely to suffer from psychological
problems such as depression1 anxiety1
and attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder 7,,ADHD74
  a/"*"
  suggest vt4 et`i:"2o{`my1;v"i:"{j*1r("
k+' that h:`k|"2kw'h:`k|"i:`6"*'ov'i:1
fw"o
  f&133 show vt4
  ,A lot of evidence suggests that
,Perry is involved in the scandal4
  a&`a&`az"k|"v"i:"q0`g$"i!"k*1a!"a_'b(`
=1-
  o*`k{" suggest h3"88kt"*"00 i:12$1*"
a:"d&"j:12k/"j*1r("d!a that h:`k|"a&'{"
i:`6" should1 dv" should l!`|`*`iz`c8"2
:1a:1k+'k+'~1ey1d&"j:1- *"a:"d&"j:1$1o{`
i:"kt"*",{'js1,my"cy",k$'dy"dz`d!aj:1-
c*"g/133 urge {r/'|"o, advise {j~"k%"o,
recommend {kt"*"o, propose {f*1*"o dz`-
  ,My teacher suggested that ,I 7should7
take part in extracurricular activities4
  c%`i:'kt"*"3`y'kw'jv'k)'l!"7"r31d&"-
  99extracurricular a4 l!"7"d!a

  c*"k+"l%`f*1{l%`k/`f*1~1h:"c*"nt1l%`
f*1~1k|"oy"h3"o/"qu"iv'kt`o
  ,The tour guide suggested that we ----
several museums during our stay in
,Madrid4 &#ajj nt1a:`l%`y
  7,A7 visited 7,B7 visit
7,C7 are visiting 7,D7 visiting

  d>1v"33 ,B
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 a picky eater f{'i:1a!`
  picky a4 f{'f*"d!a
  ,My wife is very picky about what she
wears4
  3`fw"fw"d$"b}'a31q0'bx1f{'f*"-
  #b4 journal n4 j*1lv';g:"k*";g:"a:"
7o{`88e+`g:"a:"00 *'c|"i:`6"d&"j:1 keep1
:1q0' write7
  t`33 keep a journal e+`g:"a:"
  ,According to the medical journal1
chronic diseases can be prevented by
means of dieting and a change in
lifestyle4
  ku'k|"a!"ou`*'e81j*1lv'2mv"ey"k*1oy"
nz1k("f("k3"?`i:1l&"a:"r!1iz'r31qx'i:"
d!akw`ot"cw1|"qx1-
  ,Greg kept a journal to organize his
thoughts and feelings4
  k!1c01e+`g:"k*"cw1az`c*`h:"k*`d!ae.`
q>`|`kv`i("-
  #c4 anxiety n4 k{'c|"
  t`33 anxious a4 k{'c|"d!a;l!`_"d!a
  ,With so much to worry about1 it's no
wonder the majority of us are battling
anxiety4
  s`fw"d3'e|'{"dv'e?'2a!"+`nv1k7"3`mu1
d>"d3'i/"gu1d('hw"d$"lx"k{'c|"-
  ,Today1 more than ever before1 college
students are anxious about their future4
  k?'g:"2kz"iu"|1*`_`2d>"e81iz'd$"jt1f/1
kv`d%"k{'c|"o/"v'-
  #d4 academic n4 e81k+"gu1i:"{s1a:`d>"
e81k{"i:'o & a4 e81+"d!a;e81i/"d!a
  ,Academics claim that an excessive
dosage of sleeping pills may lead to hea
dache or dizziness4
  e81k+"gu1i:"iz'bz'k3"d3'k*"c."d!av'mt1
{"l!`nz1r$"d%`a:"f(1f&"r3"i:"4'e~"-
  ,Some experts claim that while a
school education puts stress on academic
success1 it tends to ignore the
importance of morals4
  s`e+'a}'k)'iz'bz'2dx'e81e{"k{"|"a31a&"
hw"e81+"ix"d!abz1k&'i:12_`_`r$"r/'c8"d%"
d!1d!aa&"{"ey"-
  #e4 so-called a4 e3`$"d!a
  ,The so-called scholar turned out to
be a swindler4
  a!"my1e3`$"d!ae81a!`ky"gv1i:"k!"pt"
f/1-
  99swindler n4 pt"h:a
  #f4 worrisome a4 cy"gu1dv's'd!a
  ,Researchers have proven a worrisome
link between social media and
cyber-bullying4
  t1ks"gu1~1*`az"i:1i!"j41m01f*`|`_`c/"
o>"cy1a:'kt'cy"gu1dv's'd!ak}'ct1-
  #g4 highlight vt4 f/1et`;f{'gv` &
n4 h$"ky'jw`d!ao/"qu";f{'gv`
  ,As a reporter1 it is my duty to
highlight the problems ,I see in
society4
  iu'$1*'my1k*"a!`2f/1et`3`e3`lv"d%"d!a
i!"r$"="f*1i:"3`d!aa:1h!1e3`hw"-
  ,I would like to highlight my hair so
that my new hair color looks more
natural4
  3`e.`f{'gv`3`d!af(1q>`2r%`gx"3`d!ae?'
q>`e!"lv"j*`cw1kz"h:"gv1-
  ,Winning an ,Oscar was the highlight
of the actor's career4
  n>"$"t`~1t`*"iz')1d!adt'qz'ks"i:"y1d!1
%"e:'l>`k?'e."k.`-
  #h4 well-being n4 kt"lx';v'c!"
  ,Public health has a direct bearing on
the well-being of our citizens4
  k&'k&"$"iz'|`gu1m?1d!akt"lx's`a:1k+'
d!ay`e.`-
  99have a bearing on sth d$"m(`i:"s`y`
e.`
  #i4 judgment n4 pv"d}"c*"
  ,Managers must exercise sound judgment
in all of their decisions4
  ky'c*`o*"e|'hw"f>'mu1e3`s`d!ak81dy"ix"
q>'r$'my1a:"d!apv"d}"c*"-
  99exercise vt4 4"6"2ey1i:`
  sound a4 my1a:"d!a;r!1c*`d!a

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#f 8" #b g:" qv'*"

  jy`k.'*`e)"c.`k!"f*1h/`d!aa&'=1k|"h:a
*"bz1az"j8",f&'i=",d>1*"d!ay'=1-

  #a4 b/1c!aw"k(`gu1i:"*`7"2et"hw"ct1l!'
e81k)'+`f&1*"88k(`i:"gu1c0"h$"r%`d!apz1
s`00 a!"k|"r9"-
  #b4 k?"g:"s`*'qu"t1ks"et`i:"2k(`k(`o/"
k?`nz1d/1d&`a/`gu1d!ajy1e|"2iu"a:"ct1m<"
iz'gu1d!ajy1e|"+`l!`*`-

  #a4 d*"*'f*1l!`*"$133
  ,Besides dog lovers1 even scientists
have come to agree with the saying1
8,The dog is man's best friend40
  qv'*"{"dt`
  a4 agree with''' f&1*"m(`i:"/ m(`gu1
  qv`33 disagree with''' o/"f&1*"m(`i:"/
m(`gu1
  ,We wholeheartedly agree with your
plan4
  3`mu1}1j~1f&1*"n*`d!ak*"r9"-
  ,The ,,CEO disagreed with ,John on
increasing the budget for the project4
  a:1ey1ax`o/"f&1*"8'rv"hz'k)'a!"e."a}'
v"d!a|"e}"-
  99budget n4 |"e}"
  b4 ou`k|"*"l!`*"$133 ,In addition to
dog lovers1 scientists now share the
view that dogs are man's best friends4
  #b4 d*":"f*1l!`*"$133
  ,A recent report has concluded that
dogs can read not only their owner's
emotions but those of strangers as well4
  qv'*"{"dt`
  a4 read sb's emotions d/1d&`m(`gu1d!a
jy1e|"
  t`33 read sb's palm lv"m(`gu1d!ai(`e."
  palm n4 i(`ax`{ou`h:"a&'d!a l o/"q>'
?'o
  ,The new study shows that horses can
read a person's emotions4
  *'e."e?'t1ks"a:`b/'m>`:1l!`*`d/1d&`*'
k!"gu1d!ajy1e|"-
  ,When the woman read my palm1 she said
,I'd have two children4
  n>"n|`h:`lv"3`d!ai(`e."i:12i3'3`*`r("
r$"s`c.`k!"e{`rw1-
  b4 not only''' but''' as well o/"
k?`"""2:1j+`"""
  f&133 not only''' but 7also7'''
  ,Gary is not only a doctor but a
writer as well4
  .k ,Gary is not only a doctor but
7also7 a writer4
  kw"g$"o/"k?`i:"$"*'iz'2:1j+`rw1i:"$"
h3"k)'-
  c4 ou`k|"*"l!`*"$133 ,Recently1 a
study revealed that canines are able to
understand the emotions of their owners
as well as those of strangers4

  *'ov'cw1i3'2gu1*'ft'e|'{"o>'k!"a&'f(1
d!ai$"mt12a!"i:`au`f(1bz1$"3`mu1h$"j?'
m*"d!aov"c|`- o/"i/'i:"d!aau`f(1l!`nz1
r$"k."d*'n*`d!ai$"mt1p?`a:12iu"a:"rw1l!`
nz1y`e.`n*`d!akt"lx'- ?'j:`2e~`h!1*'l!'
r!1i:"d!aau`f(1o/"k?`nz1kw`iv"n*`d!ai$"
mt12+`l!`*`$1r/"n*`k*`a$' 7spine7 d!akt"
lx'-

  #a4 d*"*'k|"l!`*"$133
  ,Roughly speaking1 humans need eight
hours of sleep per day1 which makes our
pillow one of our closest companions4
  qv'*"{"dt`
  a4 roughly speaking j/'c8"cw1i3'2kw"
k9'cw1i3'
  ,Roughly speaking1 the trip takes
about an hour and #bj minutes4
  d>"a:"cw1i3'2a!"fx"c|`bz1d>"kw"e|'{"*'
e{`i:1:"i:1qu'a&'-
  b4 pillow n4 au`f(1
  t`33 pillowcase n4 au`f(1f%"
  .k pillowslip n4
  ,Mary left a tip under the pillow in
her hotel room4
  m>`c*"hw"qv"dt"qx1kt'd!aau`f(1e)"cs1
e)"c!ae{`q0"-
  c4 companion n4 ov"c|`2f&1ov"{l!`i/"o
  t`33 companionship n4 p01ov"2s`*1{o/"
l!`i/"o
  enjoy one's companionship/ company e*`
r}'s`m(`gu1d!ap01ov"
  ,My dog is my closest companion and
has always been there for me4
  3`d!ak(`k(`i:"3`h$"j?'m*"d!ar3`ov"2f>'
h&`i:"p01hw"3`iu'ot'-
  ,Grandma enjoyed the companionship of
her grandchildren during summer
vacation4
  7"p<1ru`lw'e?'i/`k)"j*1kt's`e='h:amu1
d!ap01ov"-
  d4 ou`k|"*"l!`*"$133 ,Generally
speaking1 people need to sleep for eight
hours a day1 making pillows our best
friends4
  #b4 d*":"k|"l!`*"$133
  ,Uncomfortable pillows may lower the
quality of your sleep and even affect
your health4
  qv'*"{"dt`
  a4 lower vt4 k."d*'
  ,Eating more fruit and vegetables can
help lower your blood pressure4
  d3'b:'i/'k3`s`a/"|1k."d*'e8")'-
  b4 affect vt4 y`e.`
  t`33 effect n4 y`e.`2h3"6"{|`k+"j:1 on
oy"6"o
  have an effect on''' d$""""s`y`e.`/
h3"6"
  ,If ,I were you1 ,I wouldn't let
,Evan's words affect how ,I feel about
myself4
  g/1k3`3`i:"n*`23`o/"r$"gx"w"qv1d!ar9"
y`e.`d%"3`d$"h:"k*`d!ak}'kv`-
  ,Smoking will certainly have a bad
effect on your health4
  b('t'd$"n*`d!akt"lx'k81d$"s`o/"c.1d!a
y`e.`-
  c4 ou`k|"*"l!`*"$133 ,Uncomfortable
pillows are likely to lower your sleep
quality and even damage your health4
  #c4 d*"ev'k|"l!`*"$133
  ,Consequently1 choosing an appropriate
pillow can not only help you sleep
better1 but also help maintain the
health of your spine4
  qv'*"{"dt`
  a4 appropriate a4 i:"dx"d!a;r!1i:"d!a
  t`33 be appropriate for''' i:"r!1"""
  .k be suitable for'''
  ,Jeans are obviously not appropriate
for such formal occasions4
  a!"."az"i:"d!abx1r!1et`gv1o/"i:"r!1b}'
a31ns1h:`l/"-
  b4 maintain vt4 $1b:12$1r/"
  ,In order to maintain her figure1
,Beth exercises every day4
  $"c!a$1b:1iu'jw12o0"e:'m0`ft'4"d&"-
  99figure n4 iu'jw12f*`ey1
  ,The previous owner maintained the
house so well that we did not have to
fix it up much4
  jt1gu"/'a/`o>`qx1h:a$1r/"d!aru`r%`2?'
j:`3`mu1o/"e|'{"d>"e:"az`es'-
  c4 spine n4 k*`a$'
  t`33 send chills up sb's spine i:`m(`
gu1m%1k/`e&`gv1
  ,Harry's ghost story sent chills up my
spine4
  r>'c*"d!ak$`k/"i:"gx"3`m%1k/`e&`gv1-
  d4 ou`k|"*"l!`*"$133 ,As a result1
choosing a suitable pillow can help
promote your sleep quality and keep your
backbone in good health4
          33333333333333333333

    &k+"f*1q>'r$'y
  #a4 e$'gv1 ,Nina d!ac="dt`p<`k|"i$"q/1
c*"2dv"3`rw1i:"o/"f&1*"f>'d!alv"q>`-
  7f*1i:"33 agree with'''7
  #b4 ,Willy gu"$1hw"n|`s`iz'g:"i:1$"f>'
k|`ey1*'k!"ky'e*`pw"d$"i:"r!1i:"d!a-
  7f*1i:"33 be appropriate for'''7

  jv'l%`*"k|"
  #a4 ,Although ,Nina's argument sounds
convincing1 ,I don't agree with her4
  #b4 ,Willy thought it would be
appropriate for him to throw a surprise
party for his girlfriend on her birth
day4

  {k_`o<'c%`i:'d!ao/`b&'k{"jw1i('c/"|1
r/"d&"k{"e81k_'d+1n0"2r3"jy`ix"bx1b='fz1
_`c/"i/'bz1d!amt`q0"k_`o<'b>1e41o

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#f 8" #c g:" e?'=1k*1k?`

        ,Microsoft to ,Donate ,Cloud
,Services ,Worth ,,US 4#a ,Billion
        $1g}`j:1iv"41d}'k*"r9"

  ,Microsoft's chief executive ,Satya
,Nadella announced in ,January that the
technology firm will donate ,,US 4#a
billion worth of its cloud services1 at
market value1 to nonprofits and
university research teams around the
world over the next three years4 ,He
said that the donation is intended to
8drive new growth equally40
  ,According to ,Microsoft1 it aims to
serve #gj1jjj nonprofits in the next
three years with ,Microsoft ,Cloud
,Services4 ,Charities were able to apply
in the spring of #bjaf4 ,The news came
in the wake of ,Microsoft's announcement
in ,December #bjae that it would be
launching ,Microsoft ,Philanthropies1
which is a dedicated organization within
the company that focuses on driving
digital inclusion and empowerment around
the world4
  ,Brad ,Smith1 president of ,Microsoft1
said1 8,We're committed to helping
nonprofit groups and universities use
cloud computing to address fundamental
human challenges40
          33333333333333333333

  $1g}`a:1ey1ax`e>"d*")`-n>"d!1c>'|1k?'
nt1*'8"e~'o/"hw"$"cw1ev'nt12kw'l!'k*"k&'
e:'k.'r$"k~'b/'j*1i:"a:1i:1*"m0`~1d!a41
d}'q/1/"k&'j~1js1k!"d*"q0'y1c*"h/`a:'k*1
d>"e81t1ks"f}1d$"i:`6"- f>'o{`i:"j:`j:"
k~'hz"a:`hw"88k&'py1d!aj|'d&"*'o<'e?'bz1
ax`-00
  ku'k|"$1g}`f("c/"2f>'mu1d!am/"o{'i:"
hw"k+'e)"cw1d!aev'nt1n0"$"j*'}"k!"q0'y1
c*"h/`a:'f*1k&'$1g}`41d}'q/1/"- j:1iv"
k*'k("l!`*`hw" #bjaf nt1b='ft'f*1b/'iu'
jy`- a!"h!1e?'=1i:"hw"$1g}`|1 #bjae nt1
i:1:"8"e~'o/"f>'mu1k.'q>'j*`$1g}`j:1iv"
k*'k?'r$"a:'r("q>'o/"d!a2$1g}`j:1iv"k*'
k?'r$"i:"kw'k&'e:'n0"o/"d!aa}'mu1k*'k("2
a31t`|1f$'d&"j~1js1i/"$"o%'g&1{ot'v"33
i/"$"o%'g&1e*"a:`*'k!"m01s`h:'e4"ax"w"
d!ai!"r$"2gx"m0`$"m?1a&"d('e.`s`f&1dz`
d!ah:'e4"k+'b/"|`i:`6"k*'r$"-o k*1i/"$"
q/"j~1{ot'v"33 i/"$"q/"j~1k*1a:`m0`*'$"
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  $1g}`h&`jw1o/"cw1d!1-i:`m*"e:'o{`i:"33
883`mu1az"a:"c*"|1e+1a/"q0'y1c*"f}1f*`|`
d>"e81i:`6"41d}'4"e}"cw1k+`k81gu1c0"d!a
k*'ou`nv1f*1-00
          33333333333333333333

    8,For ,Your ,Information0
  #bjae nt1i:1:"8"2$1g}`|1n0"o/"bz1c*"
c!a$1g}`j:1iv"k*'k?'r$"2a:`hw"f$'d&"j~1
js1d!ai/"$"o%'g&1|`i("j~12$1g}`h&`jw1o/"
cw1d!1-i:`m*"e:'o{`i:"2kw'k&'e:'d!aj*1
a&'*'k!"m/"o{'i:"|`q0'y1c*"h/`a:'r!1d>"
e81r!1h3"2oy"j8"o%`kz"d3'gu1l!`b/"k*141
d}'4"e}"k*1mv`h/1i!"r$"e|'js1-
  q/1r!1h:'k!1d!aq0'y1c*"h/`a:'k.'l!`mt`
q0"j=1j|`$1g}`d!ak!"e."41d}'q/1/"- k|`
c*":1t12q0'y1c*"h/`a:'k.'l!`j=1j|`$1g}`
hw"j~1js1e3`i!"c*"d!ah:'c{"a&"e?'2c*"6"
j*14"e}"|`b/1j=1h:'~1cw1a:1ey1bz1i:"- $1
g}`k/'k*"kw'k*'k?'r$"k?'nt1ks"r$"k~'b/'
k)"a:1ev'dt`/`*"m0`~1d!a41d}'q/1/"-
  7h:'c{"cw1~133 i,Thome7
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  99chief executive a:1ey1ax`
  executive n4 k%'k*1a/`k}`
  99market value i:"bx`k)"a:1
  99philanthropy n4 j:1iv"i:"+"
  99digital inclusion i/"$"o%'g&1
  inclusion n4 o%'rv1
  99digital empowerment i/"$"i("j~1
  empowerment n4 i("j~1
  99cloud computing 41d}'4"e}"
{41d}'4"e}"c*`d!a884100 ks"i:"a:`88_`
c/"00241d}'4"e}"ks"i:"c*"6"_`c/"k('f&'
d3'fw1dt"n%`d!a4"e}"k&'h3"2r3"i:"f("k3"
_`c/"ct1et"j|`d!1s1~`d}'a/`k*'f*1k&'d!a
q/1/"dz`o
  computing n4 i:`6"dt"n%`{4"e}"o
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 be intended to ,V a:`hw""""
  f&133 be meant to ,V
  ,This series of books is intended to
acquaint children with the beauty of
nature4
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  99acquaint vt4 i:`gu"i:"
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  ,The organization aims to help
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  f&133 commit oneself to ,N/ ,V-ing
  ,The retired athlete is now committed
to coaching4
  a!"my1f$"es'd!a4"d&"~1et"hw"a:"c*"|1
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          gggggggggggggggggggg

        ,Cuts and ,Other ,Problems
,Surrounding the ,Rio ,Olympics
        c*`8'%"4"mt"c?1|"e}"e3'kt`|`j*1
f>'="f*1

  ,When ,South ,America's first
,Olympics open later this year on
,August #e1 television viewers won't
notice that ,Rio organizers scaled down
the operating budget4 ,According to
officials1 about ,,US 4#ejj million was
eliminated to make the planning of the
games more cost-effective4
  ,Brazil was booming when it was
awarded the right to host the games in
#bjji1 but now it is buffeted by the
worst recession since the #aicjs4 ,Rooms
in the ,Olympic ,Village won't have
televisions4 ,Olympic sponsor ,Panasonic
has stepped in to give financial help to
run the opening and closing ceremonies4
  ,Other problems face ,Rio1 too4 ,In an
ongoing study by ,,AP1 ,Guanabara ,Bay1
a venue for sailing events1 shows
astronomically high levels of viruses in
its contaminated waters4 ,Organizers are
implementing only stopgap measures1
risking the health of athletes4
  ,Christophe ,Dubi1 the ,Olympic ,Games
executive director1 believes ,Rio's
natural beauty will make up for
everything else1 saying1 8,No one is
saying that the ,Olympic experience will
be affected4 ,On the contrary1 ,Rio will
be magic40
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          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 scale down'''/ scale''' down e3'
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result1 he worked overtime to make up
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drive1 drove1 driven47
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swim meet4
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clearing immigration with their own
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k+`k81{="f*1o
  ,The government is trying to address
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country4
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  e|`d3'gu1gu"$"3`mu1d!ak{"|"f*`a:"e|'{"
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  ,If people eliminate fatty foods from
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over the past few years4
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q>'av`a&'d!a
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attention4
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  ,The city has implemented a new plan
to help control traffic4
  kw'bz1i:"*`i:1i:'c!a*'e."e?'k*"r9"cw1
e+1a/"k}`a:"k{'f&'-

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#f 8" #d g:" k31k)'d*"c*`p?1d%"

        ,Mission ,Critical
        $1et`gu"/"

  by ,Marcus ,Maurice & ,Ivy ,Liu
  ,,NGC photographers travel to all
parts of the world to raise awareness on
dire issues1 such as wildlife
conservation4
  k31k)'d*"c*`p?1d%"d!ai!"y`i:'p%`ot"i:"
k+"k!"d*"2$"d!ai:"{"r}"j*`d>"a&"d$"a/'
g/1+`iz'd&"/"o%`|"dz`p<"j+"="f*1d!ak}'
a/"-

  ,Steve ,Winter is one of the best
photographers ,National ,Geographic has4
,He truly cares about the animals that
he photographs and believes that a
single photo can change the world4 ,His
mission is to bring big cats1 including
leopards and cougars1 to the forefront4
,Winter took a picture of a cougar near
the ,Hollywood sign in ,California1 and
everyone thought it was photoshopped4
,This particular picture has raised
awareness of the struggles facing big
cats and other animals in urban
environments4 ,Talks of conservation1
such as building a wildlife tunnel
across one of the busiest highways in
the world for cougars1 have been
discussed4 ,It was because of this
single photo that led to him working on
,Mission ,Critical3 ,Leopards at the
,Door for ,National ,Geographic ,Channel
7,,NGC74
  ,In ,Mission ,Critical1 ,Winter's goal
is to photograph the leopards of
,Mumbai1 ,India1 living close to the
city with a population of around #bd
million people4 ,Winter finds the
perfect spot on a walkway near an a
partment complex and has his crew go to
work4 ,They build a camera rig with
bamboo scaffolding1 and then they attach
cameras and lights to the branches4
,This way1 some stunning shots can be
easily captured at leopard level4 ,The
big cats only come out at night1 so
,Winter must remotely work using
infrared sensors4
  ,To get the perfect shot1 ,Winter
typically has to wait months on end4
,Eventually1 he gets his shots for
,Mission ,Critical as the biggest leo
pard of the bunch1 ,Big ,Daddy1 shows up
on the walkway4 ,Those dedicated to
filming these beautiful1 mighty
creatures firmly believe that
photography can make the future of
coexistence between big cats and humans
in urban places possible4 ,With this
enlightening show1 people can better
understand why ,,NGC's photographers
love what they do and how these types of
pictures hold the power to change the
world4
          33333333333333333333

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    8,For ,Your ,Information0
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          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  99leopard n4 r9'o%"2m0`a('o%"
  99cougar n4 m0`a('i:'
  99tunnel n4 e$"d%"2d*"d%"
  t`33 channel n4 i$`d%"
  99rig n4 bz1k)";a_'o0"
  99scaffolding n4 y'k)"
  99infrared a4 r&17"et"d!a
  t`33 ultraviolet a4 h:`7"et"d!a
  99bunch n4 *'j41;*'i/"
  t`33 a bunch of''' *'j41/ *'i/""""
  99coexistence n4 k&"j=1
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 bring''' to the forefront i:`"""
bz1$1k}'a/"k{'dt`
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dy"hw" ,B ix"
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  t`33 be attached to''' o0"k/"dy"hw"/
q/"a31hw""""ix"
  ,Jerry attached the speakers to his
laptop4
  k+1g$"k.'c>`o>'k+'d%"f>'d!ao*`k*"ey1
dt"n%`-
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truck4
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  #c4 on end ct1e|"d!a{o/"|`i/"h:"oy"6"o
  o*`k{" in a row ct1e|"d!a{|`i/"h:"oy"
6"o
  ,Jim sometimes plays computer games
for days on end4
  k*1m/`s`i:1r("r$"ct1e|"}1r%`k*`ft'd!a
dt"n%`s1e*"-
  ,Poor ,Chris was sick for five days in
a row last week4
  l!`ct1d!al!"c*`e:'ix"ey'j*1*'ct1oy"c!a
/`ft'-
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  f&133 be devoted to ,N/ ,V-ing
  .k dedicate oneself to ,N/ ,V-ing
  .k devote oneself to ,N/ ,V-ing
  .k commit oneself to ,N/ ,V-ing
  t`33 devote ,A to ,B k.' ,A qz"et"k0`/
a:"c*"|1 ,B
  ,The firefighters were dedicated to
rescuing the people from the burning
building4
  e{'qx1d$"~1mu1k?"j~1c*"j.`ks"iu'et"i:'
r3`d>"c(1d!agu1-
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researching lung cancer for the past #bj
years4
  bu1*'iz'k3"j|":"i:1nt1cw1*'a:1a:"c*"|1
t1ks"q0"t1-
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to taking care of the poor4
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hw"a%"k/"j61gu1ix"-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 mission n4 gu"/"
  #b4 critical a4 $1k*1d!a;k}'kt"ey"d!a2
k*1a&"{"d!a
  t`33 be in critical condition b/`|1$1
k*1d!aa_"l_"
  be in stable condition b/`|1=`dy"d!a
a_"l_"
  ,The patient is still in critical
condition so he is being monitored day
and night4
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a&"{"ey"-

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#f 8" #f g:" l!"c("h:"

        ,A ,Hip-,Hop ,Twist on ,American
,History
        rv"m*":`d=" ?`o%"ow`c%`r$"

  by ,Igor ,Bagrov
  ,Hip-hop culture conquers the past4
  e*'r>'=1r9"az'q/1c!ak3"j|"-

  ,In the summer of #bjae1 ,Broadway was
smitten with a new musical called
,Hamilton4 ,Blending hip-hop and
history1 the show has received
enthusiastic critical 7#a7 and
unprecedented box office success only a
few months after its first appearance on
,Broadway4
  ,The story is built on true facts from
the life and political activity of one
of ,America's 7#b7 ,Fathers1 ,Alexander
,Hamilton1 a famous fighter for
,America's independence1 talented
politician1 financier1 and an
influential lawyer4 ,The plot of the
musical is based on his 7#c7 published
in #bjjd by ,Ron ,Chernow4 ,Viewers 7#d7
to see the protagonist's younger years1
his marriage1 the beginning of his
revolutionary activities1 his rise to
power in the ,George ,Washington
administration1 and his political
struggle against his opponents4 ,His
untimely death in #ahjd at the hand of
,Aaron ,Burr1 an unsuccessful
presidential candidate1 who 7#e7
,Hamilton to a duel and mortally wounded
him1 becomes the focal point of the
show4
  ,The costumes and the set may help
viewers to imagine the epoch when the
events 7#f71 but all the dialogues are
arranged as musical numbers in a modern
hip-hop style1 which will appeal to rap
lovers4 ,Even one of the critics said1
8,I am 7#g7 to tell people to mortgage
their houses and lease#ac their children
to acquire tickets to a hit ,Broadway
show but ,Hamilton might just about be
worth it40 ,While ,Hamilton's live stage
production should be required viewing
for every ,American citizen1 listening
to its exhilarating recording is a much
more practical1 yet just as enjoyable1
stand-in4

  #a4 7,A7 boost 7,B7 acclaim
7,C7 dispute 7,D7 request
  #b4 7,A7 ,Founder 7,B7 ,Found
7,C7 ,Founding 7,D7 ,Founded
  #c4 7,A7 publicity 7,B7 expertise
7,C7 revelation 7,D7 biography
  #d4 7,A7 get 7,B7 set 7,C7 grow
7,D7 come
  #e4 7,A7 persuaded 7,B7 obliged
7,C7 challenged 7,D7 tempted
  #f4 7,A7 put off 7,B7 took place
7,C7 cut out 7,D7 dug into
  #g4 7,A7 loath 7,B7 sympathetic
7,C7 attracted 7,D7 admitted
          33333333333333333333

  #bjae nt1e)"ft'2*'b/'my1$1{rv"m*":`
d="o d!ae?'?'8"k|"cy"ow`c%`r$"iu1r=1dt'
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bx"pt"j8"+`i:"kz"i:1k*"s"f&1."k3"?`d!a
f*"dw"qx'i:"-

  d>1v"33
  #a4 ,B #b4 ,C #c4 ,D #d4 ,A #e4 ,C
#f4 ,B #g4 ,A
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  99twist n4 kw`ot"{j:`b/"|"$188y`e.`00o
  99financier n4 k?'g&1k)'
  99protagonist n4 a/`k{`
  f&133 main/ leading character
  99administration n4 {m(`gu1a:1az"i:1
j*1d!ao az"q/`
  99duel n4 k81d("
  99mortally adv4 a:"my"d!a
  99epoch n4 i:1dw"
  99number n4 t`h("8"j|`
  99exhilarating a4 cy"gu1k*'d&"d!a
  99stand-in n4 dw"f*"gu1/ /";f*"iu'
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 be smitten with''' $""""iu1r=1dt'
d%"
  ,These girls are quite smitten with
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  a!"e+'n|`rw1$"kw'k!'i(`d!am0"c*"e3`jy'
d%`-
  #b4 become/ be the focal point of'''
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  focal a4 k{'dt`d!a
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point of the government's plans4
  kt`i%`i:'+"gu1i/"i:"az"q/`k*"r9"d!aa&"
dt`-
  #c4 appeal to''' e*'?`"""
  ,We're certain that this new album
will appeal to all listeners1 both young
and old4
  3`mu1j8"dy"a!"ax'a}'k*1r$"c%`i%"et1*1-
  #d4 be worth it ru`a:1d!1
  f&133 be worthwhile
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the food is worth it4
  a!"k)'jv'fy'ru`k$"2dv"n>"c*`d!ajw"a:1
d!1a!"a&`k)"k!1-
  99costly a4 x1k$"d!a
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 conquer vt4 az'q/1;l!"q/1
  ,Roy finally conquered his drug habit
with the help of his friends4
  hw"pz1s`d!aox'a/"a:'e)"2c3"*'a&'|1l!"
q/1c!ad/1?`-
  99with the help of''' s`c!a"""d!aox'
a/"
  #b4 enthusiastic a4 l_1g!"d!a
  t`33 be enthusiastic about''' d$""""
g!"a&'
  ,The bottom line for this job is that
you must be enthusiastic about writing4
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o*"e|'d$"e+`h3"s`g!"bu1-
  99the bottom line ~1a:`88ax"ou`d*`
et"002j:`b/"a:`88h$"r("bz1e{"00 r3"88k*'
ou`{'js100
  #c4 unprecedented a4 i:`/1jt1c*"d!a
  t`33 to unprecedented proportions d%"
d>1jt1e3`$"s`d!abz1d/"
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to unprecedented proportions4
  hw"n>"h3"bz1i:"2s1m?1d!a="f*1*`t1a&"
d%"jt1e3`$"s`d!abz1d/"-
  #d4 box office n4 p{"qx1
  ,The film is a huge success in terms
of the box office4
  ks"p{"qx1:1t12a!"o/"dt"y`k*1$1bz1k&'-
  #e4 influential a4 s`y`e.`c*"d!a
  ,Gail hopes to work for an influential
publisher after graduating from college4
  kw":1e*'_"hw"d>"e81o*"+"r("nz1d%"*'k)'
k|"y`e.`c*"d!ab/'ov`i!"k&'h3"-
  #f4 plot n4 {e{`i3',dt"y`o jy1k+12o/"
k|1
  ,This movie has an all-star cast1 but
the plot is terrible4
  a!"o/"dt"y`j~1i:"d>"pw1l>`e:'2k/"i:"
jy1k+1j8"ru`h%'-
  #g4 revolutionary a4 k!1my"ey"d!a;b_"
e?'d!a & n4 k!1my"k)'
  #h4 political struggle az"a:"d("az'
  struggle n4 & vi4 az'd(";n/`c*";az'a>1
  t`33 struggle to ,V n/`c*"/ qu"c*"
{h3"o"""
  ,After a fierce struggle1 ,Darren got
his bag back from the robber4
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o>`f>'d!ao%'o%'j&1j.`q0`n>"c*`j.`r$1cw1
c!a-
  ,After being laid off1 my brother
struggled to stay afloat4
  3`k!'k!'o0"jw1~1r("n/`c*"d/"k3"jw1/"
l="ky"-
  99stay afloat d/"k3"jw1/"l="ky"
  #i4 untimely a4 k3"h%`d!a;o/"r!1i:1*1
d!a
  ,Lena fell apart after the untimely
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gu1d('oz'l$"c!a-
  99fall apart oz'l$";qu'k+`
  #aj4 candidate n4 r("e~`gu1;y"az'a!`
  ,Before the interview1 the candidate
spent several minutes adjusting his tie4
  mt"i:"jt12a!"$"y"az'a!`r9'c!ak*`qu'a&'
f{1az`f>'d!acy`dw"-
  #aa4 critic n4 py1c="k)';w"f{'f*"d!a
gu1
  t`33 commentator n4 i:1i:"py1c="a!`
  faultfinder n4 b$'m%1js1j:'a!`
  #ab4 mortgage vt4 & n4 d*`)'
  ,Johnson has to mortgage his house to
pay off his debts4
  j.1eu'o*"e|'d*`)'f>'d!aqx1h:a*`bx1r}1
aw"/"-
  #ac4 lease vt4 h/'k+" & n4 h/'8'
  ,The business center contains #ce
rooms1 about two thirds of which are
leased to the city government4
  a!"d&"ix'+"a&'e?'s`ev'i:1/`k!"qx1kt'2
dx'a&'d>"8'ev'qu'a:':"*`h/'k+"k0`i:"az"
q/`-
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not allowed to have pets in this a
partment4
  h/'8'f{18'a&'s`k$'dy"23`mu1o/"d!1hw"
a!"d&"k&'|"n0".`b&`/"-
          33333333333333333333

    &~1cw1g/1j:`y
  #a4 ,Blending hip-hop and history1 the
show has received enthusiastic critical
acclaim and unprecedented box office
success only a few months after its
first appearance on ,Broadway4
  a!"bx`o{`t`g&1r!1c!ae*'r>'|`c*"i:`2f>'
hw"ow`c%`r$"i(`j:"c."e."r("k?`k?`k*`k!"
8"ks"*`r3"d!1g!"c+"r%`py12hw"p{"qx1ix"+`
j|`d!1i:`/1jt1c*"d!abz1k&'-
  c*`s133
  a4 7,A7 boost n4 f*1au"
  ,The struggling economy needs a boost
from the government4
  d*'m*1d!aky'k*"e|'{"az"q/`d!af*1au"-
  7,B7 acclaim n4 & vt4 hv".12bz'hv"
  ,Rachel's innovative photography won
her worldwide acclaim4
  g$"js'b_"e?'d!ai!"y`i(`q>`y1d!1c!aj~1
i:"k+"d!ahv"|"-
  ,The writer's work has been acclaimed
as the best of its genre4
  n>"$"h3"k)'d!ah3"p?`o0"|"$1kw'=1c0"a&'
d!ak!"a&'j{1b/`-
  99genre n4 {?'8",=1*"h3"p?`dz`o c0"ey1
  7,C7 dispute n4 az'a:12ks'qu'
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educate their child4
  a!"d$"q/'q/"au'd$"g/1r!1k{"|"rw1h:a*'
i:"j*`c!aaz'a:1-
  7,D7 request n4 {'js1
  t`33 at sb's request/ at the request
of sb *'m(`gu1d!a{'js1
  ,Our new product was made at the
request of our customers4
  3`mu1d!ae?'ix'p?`i:"y"k/"l!"{'js1a:"
h3"b/'cw1d!a-
  b4 ku'k|"|`*"2 7,B7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  #b4 ,The story is built on true facts
from the life and political activity of
one of ,America's ,Founding ,Fathers1
,Alexander ,Hamilton'''
  a!"k!"k/"i:"i:"*'k|"m0`k31lw'k31~1e4'
a:'*')`c*"iv'd>"-rv"m*":`d="d!a*'iz'k*1
az"a:"r31d&"d!aau'i:1i:"k*'e3`kt"k(":1
bz1d!a"""
  c*`s133
  a4 ou`f*1j!"i:"*`e)"k/"dy"6"q>`33
  ,Founding ,Father {jv'k)' #aghg nt1m0`
k31a:"et"r$"*"d!ao a:"et"~1e4'2lw'k31~1
e4'{d>"e+`o;b_"kt"gu1
  ,The ,Founding ,Fathers of the ,United
,States include ,George ,Washington1
,Thomas ,Jefferson1 and ,Benjamin
,Franklin4
  m0`k31d!alw'k31~1e4'o%'k9'c!aj{1a:"-
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  b4 ku'k|"ix"i/"6"q>`2 7,C7 e."y'$1az"
e~`-
  #c4 ,The plot of the musical is based
on his biography published in #bjjd by
,Ron ,Chernow4
  ?'8"k|"d!ajy1k+1*`f>'d!aa}"k*"$1k*'
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  c*`s133
  a4 7,A7 publicity n4 my1j*";k&'lw';e~'
b}1
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bad publicity4
  ?'$"e~'b}1o/"r%`2cw1lv"a!"bx`t`bx"r$"
d!agu1c{1c{1/1k*`-
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  ,Peter's expertise in pottery has won
him great fame4
  o*`d!1hw"f%1*"qx'mt"d!aa}'+"a:'i:"i:`
f>'iz'my1d>"h%"-
  99pottery n4 f%1*";f%1j*"
  7,C7 revelation n4 k+'c/"
  ,The mayor resigned soon after
revelations about the embezzlement4
  i:"ax`hw"n316"k&'l}`v"o0"k+'c/"r("o/"
ks`ks"j:1a:1c!a-
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  7,D7 biography n4 a}"k*"
  ,Dr4 ,Wilson authorized ,Nick to write
his biography4
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k*"a:1o*`-
  b4 ku'k|"|`*"2 7,D7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
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protagonist's younger years1 his
marriage1 the beginning of his
revolutionary activities1 his rise to
power in the ,George ,Washington
administration1 and his political
struggle against his opponents4
  k}'a&"nz1lv"d%"a/`k{`d!ant1jy'e$"8",
r='?',k!1my"r31d&"d!a~1j*`,hw"j{1a:"-r91
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  c*`s133
  a4 ou`f*1j!"i:"*`e)"k/"dy"6"q>`33
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  ,I never have time to go to the movie
theater1 but once in a while1 ,I do get
to watch ,,TV4
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nz1lv"lv"dt"i:"-
  b4 ku'k|"ix"i/"6"q>`2 7,A7 e."y'$1az"
e~`-
  #e4 ,His untimely death in #ahjd at
the hand of ,Aaron ,Burr1 an
unsuccessful presidential candidate1 who
challenged ,Hamilton to a duel and
mortally wounded him1 becomes the focal
point of the show4
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  challenge sb to ,N/ ,V e."m(`gu1f{`av"
{h3"o"""
  ,Mike challenged me to a game of
chess4
  mw"l!"e."3`f{`av"e)"*'pv1e*'.1j*1-
  b4 j*1f>'e~`e."33
  7,A7 persuade vt4 i$"q/1
  t`33 persuade sb to ,V i$"q/1m(`gu1
{h3""""o
  7,B7 oblige vt4 p<"i:`;i:`q/"*"/"
  t`33 oblige sb to ,V p<"i:`m(`gu1"""
  7,D7 tempt vt4 ?`s"
  t`33 tempt sb to ,V s"i:`m(`gu1h3""""
  c4 ku'k|"|`*"k*16"q>`2 7,C7 e."y'$1az"
e~`-
  #f4 ,The costumes and the set may help
viewers to imagine the epoch when the
events took place'''
  q/1a_'r!1/`fw1o/"ky`nz1ox'a/"k}'a&"e.`
e."dx'i:1i:"kt"q>'iz'd!ai:1dw""""
  c*`s133
  a4 7,A7 put off'''/ put''' off o>`"""
t1j*1
  f&133 postpone vt4
  ,The meeting was put off until next
week4
  kw'r$"*"t1j*1d%"e)"a('-
  7,B7 take place q>'iz';k|`ey1
  ,Our charity auction will take place
this ,Friday4
  3`mu1d!aj:1iv"pw'mw"r$"k.'|1ou`a('/`
k|`ey1-
  99auction n4 pw'mw"{r$"o
  7,C7 cut out'''/ cut''' out k+"b/1"""
  ,Ted has made up his mind to cut out
alcohol from his life4
  fw"d!1*`e)"dy"k81e?'{"*'o0"h:ak+"ks`-
  7,D7 dig into''' k?'k?'s`$"d!a*"b:'"""
  ,Jerry dug into his lunch as soon as
he found a seat in the cafeteria4
  k+1g$"hw"h:"a/"jv'fy'*'a%`d%"h3"$"r("
ks"lw'i:`mw1f(1b:'/`jv'-
  b4 ku'k|"|`*"2 7,B7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  #g4 ,Even one of the critics said1 8,I
am loath to tell people to mortgage
their houses and lease their children to
acquire tickets to a hit ,Broadway
show'''
  iu"a:"j*1a&'*'$"k|"py1rw1o{`i:"33883`
ru`o/"~"*"k{"d>"k)'j|"d*`)'h:"k*`d!aqx1
h:aoy"o>`h:"k)'d!arw1h:ab/'k+"*`r3"d!1*'
b/'g!"mu1ow`c%`r$"?'8"k|"d!amu1p{""""
  c*`s133
  a4 7,A7 loath a4 o/"~"*"d!a
7.k unwilling7
  t`33 be loath to ,V o/"~"*"{h3"o"""
  ,My brother is loath to get out of bed
on cold mornings4
  3`d*"d*"o/"~"*"hw"rv1cz`d!ah%`bu1j*`
b_1-
  7,B7 sympathetic a4 f&1jy1d!a
  t`33 be sympathetic to''' d$""""o{`i:"
f&1jy1
  ,I am sympathetic to those who lost
loved ones in that tragic accident4
  3`ru`f&1jy1n>"e+'hw"a!"j*`jv`c+"d!ai:"
k/"a&'i:'j|"a:"w"d!agu1-
  7,C7 attracted a4 o0"e*'?`d!a
  t`33 be attracted to sb/ sth i("m(`
gu1/ /"e*'?`
  ,I was attracted to the exotic scenery
on that island4
  n>"h3"d%`ix"d!a*"k31qz'ky`ru`e*'?`3`-
  7,D7 admitted a4 o0"r3"a=`d!a
  t`33 be admitted to''' r3"a=`k?"g/""""
  ,Only #e`0 of the applicants are
admitted to the university4
  a:`s` #e`0 d!aiu'jy`a!`r3"a=`k?"g/"kw'
e3`d>"e81-
  b4 ku'k|"|`*"2 7,A7 e."y'$1az"e~`-

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#f 8" #g g:" j:1r$"j!"t"

  jy`ku'k|"k|"*"r!1=1q>`e~`b/'*'k!"h$"
az"j8"d!ad>1v"-
  #a4 ,I have warned the strange man
that if he doesn't stop ---- me1 ,I will
call the police immediately4
  7,A7 pretending 7,B7 harassing
7,C7 declining 7,D7 distracting
  #b4 ,According to the ,Corruption
,Perception ,Index released by ,Trans
parency ,International1 corruption has
reached ---- proportions in ,Somali
society4
  7,A7 splendid 7,B7 epidemic
7,C7 contaminated 7,D7 aggressive
  #c4 ,The book ,The ,Wang ,Family sheds
light on some unknown secrets of the
,Formosa ,Plastics ,Group and the
disputes between the late founder ,,YC
,Wang's ----4
  7,A7 warriors 7,B7 fianc8 es
7,C7 successors 7,D7 memoirs
  #d4 ,Each year1 many airline companies
from the ,Middle ,East come to ,Taiwan
to ---- new employees as cabin crew4
  7,A7 seduce 7,B7 repair 7,C7 dismiss
7,D7 recruit
  #e4 ,The spokeswoman for the magazine
admitted that the ---- mistake was a
slip of the pen4
  7,A7 exotic 7,B7 fictional 7,C7 random
7,D7 editorial
  #f4 ,The public figure's offensive
statements will inevitably ----
conflicts in some ethnic groups4
  7,A7 trigger 7,B7 recharge
7,C7 terminate 7,D7 conserve
  #g4 ,My little brother gave a ----
answer when our mother asked where he
had been that night4
  7,A7 fruitless 7,B7 vague
7,C7 multiple 7,D7 renewable
  #h4 ,The doctor suggested ,I use oil-
free ---- because ,I have a serious acne
problem4
  7,A7 chimneys 7,B7 ornaments
7,C7 cosmetics 7,D7 tissues
  #i4 ,Pearl ,Harbor was a ----
important ,,US naval base during ,World
,War ,,II1 as well as an important
symbol4
  7,A7 sheepishly 7,B7 casually
7,C7 strategically 7,D7 mindlessly
  #aj4 ,My father ---- for those
childhood days on ,Corsica ,Island when
life was much simpler and happier4
  7,A7 applies 7,B7 yearns
7,C7 registers 7,D7 accounts

  d>1v"33
  #a4 ,B #b4 ,B #c4 ,C #d4 ,D #e4 ,D
#f4 ,A #g4 ,B #h4 ,C #i4 ,C #aj4 ,B
          33333333333333333333

    &~1cw1g/1j:`y
  ,B #a4 3`*`ky'ky`k%"n>"my1m<"iz'nv1
h:`2g/1k3`f>'k*"e|"e%'g%`3`23`ks"r$"c*"
l!"o%"ky`-
  m*"k*"
  7,A7 pretend vt4 k)`a_'
  ,The teenage girl pretended that she
didn't care what people thought of her1
but she actually did4
  n>"my1i%"n|`k)`a_'h:"k*`o/"hw"r/'o+1
gu1d$"f>'d!alv"q>`2dv"j*1i:1f>'ru`hw"*"-
  7,B7 harass vt4 e%'g%`
  ,If you keep harassing ,Mr4 ,Wu1 he
will file charges against you4
  g/1k3`n*`k*"e|"e%'g%`/1et'iza2f>'ks"
r$"k%"n*`-
  7,C7 decline vt4 }`k|";k|"k81
  ,I politely declined ,Bruno ,Mars'
offer of a ride home4
  3`c*`m%"d*"}`k|"o/"c/`n3"-m>`:`e:'lw'
b!'e&"3`r$1k)'d!af*1*"-
  7,D7 distract vt4 i:`qu'e?'
  t`33 distract sb from ,V-ing i:`m(`gu1
h:""""qu'e?'
  ,The noise from the construction site
distracted me from my studies4
  kt"a/1k&'d*"b}1cw1d!ah%"?'i:`3`d/1i/'
qu'e?'-
  h:"j:1d>"o/`f+`
  a4 warn vt4 ky`k%"
  t`33 warn sb of sth ks"m(`i:"e."m(`gu1
f*1b/'ky`k%"
  ,Mom keeps warning us of the dangers
of smoking4
  c%`m>'o/"d}"ky`k%"3`mu1b('t'd!a$1rw"-
  b4 immediately adv4 c*"l!"2c*"k*1
  ,Whenever ,Katie sees a cockroach1 she
immediately runs away4
  lw`d*"m0`j:"lv"d%"ax'cx1ks"r$"c*"l!"
c3"r_':1f%1-
  ,B #b4 ku'k|"k31k*"f("my1h/`a:'e3`q>'
o/"d!ajy'ct1?"e."a:`i/"2fv'/'hw"e3`m>`
c*")`d!ai!"r$"a&'k*1$1qv"cv"-
  m*"k*"
  7,A7 splendid a4 r91c*"d!a2q/"c*"fx1
r_1d!a
  ,The young bride looks splendid in her
white wedding gown4
  n>"my1nt1jy'd!ae?'n.1b}'a31ow1e!"d!a
r='i>'2lv"j*`cw1m0`k*1c!a-
  7,B7 epidemic a4 qv"cv"d!a;b}1gv`d!a
  t`33 reach epidemic proportions d%"d>1
qv"cv"d!abz1d/"
  ,Poverty has reached epidemic
proportions in that country4
  p?1j61d!ajy1l_"hw"kw'k31*`ky'd%"d>1qv"
cv"d!abz1d/"-
  7,C7 contaminated a4 i("/'gv`d!a
  ,Many people didn't know that they had
been eating contaminated food for a long
time4
  e|`d3'gu1o/"a:'d%"f>'mu1*`bx1j*1i:16"
i("/'gv`d!ai:1/"-
  7,D7 aggressive a4 s`j?'c8"ey"d!a
  ,Justin ,Bieber's aggressive manner
has brought him notoriety4
  e{`k)`e:'fy'd!af{`e?"k|`a:`*`gx"f>'!"
my1~`o<"-
  99notoriety n4 r7"my1iz'
  h:"j:1d>"o/`f+`
  a4 ,Corruption ,Perception ,Index jy'
ct1?"e."a:`i/"{jy'ct1?"e."a:`i/"i:"s1k31
k*"f("my1h/`a:'h:" #aiie nt1j*`m0`nt1q>'
o/"d!apy1k/'o%"k%"2ks"i:"k+"k!"k31m?1a&"
d$"|1dx'd*"q/`ow"a_"l_"d!aa/`k}'kv`a:'
bz1d/"|`*`py1k/'k*1pw1my1o
  corruption n4 fv'/'
  perception n4 ?"e.";gu"a:';k}'dt`
  b4 ,Transparency ,International k31k*"
f("my1h/`a:'{kw'h/`a:'$1kt'b>1fv'/'q/`
ow"d!ak31k*"q0'az"q/`h/`a:'- |1m0`nt1k&'
o/"jy'ct1a:`i/"*`f*1k&'*'k!"l!`k&'o*`k{"
d!ak31k*"fv'/'a_"l_"c+"o{`o
  transparency n4 f("my1{d/"o
  c4 proportion n4 o*`c*"
  ,The ,Zika virus in ,Brazil has grown
to unprecedented proportions4
  hw"o>'e*'2h:'l>`oy"d/1d!a="f*1*`t1a&"
d%"jt1e3`$"s`d!abz1d/"-
  99unprecedented a4 jt1e3`$"s`d!a
  ,C #c4 {k*"bz1a!`mu133fw1e/"k+'ov'i:1
nt1m*"e?'o a!"ou`i/'k+'q>'c!afw1e/"k*1
f}1*'e+'o/"$1gu1a:'d!am*"m*"*`k*1kw'*`
k/"b_"ov"gu1_16`jy"k+'ov'gu1a:'kt'd!aqu'
az'-
  m*"k*"
  7,A7 warrior n4 6`i:"2av"i:"
  ,The warriors failed in their conquest
of the new territory4
  n>"e+'6`i:"m01nz1bz1k&'az'q/1n>"l7"e?'
cy`f/`-
  7,B7 fianc8 e n4 $"r='j*'
  t`33 fianc8 n4 $"r='q/'7q>'?'f&1
fianc8 e7
  ,Harry wants to get married with his
fianc8 e as soon as possible4
  r>'c*"e.`{"k?"l7"r!1f>'d!a$"r='j*'k+1
r='-
  7,C7 successor n4 k+'ov'gu1;r("k*"a!`
  ,The writer's style had a deep impact
on his literary successors4
  a!"$"h3"k)'d!ae+`h3"qz'k!1d$"r("i:"=1
gu1s`iu'~`d!ay`e.`-
  7,D7 memoirs n4 b}1c8";r$1*"c/"{rz16"
q/"i/"o
  ,The president's memoirs caused a
great sensation4
  kw'h&`f&`d!ar$1*"c/"h%"bz1r&'d&"-
  99cause a sensation ?`j*`r&'d&"
  h:"j:1d>"o/`f+`
  a4 shed light on''' k+'lw'"""2bz1
jy'"""
  ,We hope this letter will shed light
on the mystery4
  3`mu1e*'_"a!"qz'e?"nz1k+`lw'a!"k!"m*1
f}1-
  b4 dispute n4 az'a:12ks'qu'
  ,I was in a dispute with my roommate
over money4
  3`ku'i:"s`?'k?'jt1j*`c!aaz'a:1-
  ,D #d4 m0`nt1s`e|`d3'cw1h:"a&'d&'d!a
rx1l&'k&'e:'jt1cw1fw1}'a%'m/"e?'~1k&'dx'
l!"jx'h/`~1-
  m*"k*"
  7,A7 seduce vt4 ?`s";k('?`2f{`d("
  t`33 seduce sb into ,V-ing ?`s"m(`
gu1"""
  ,With provocative commercials1 the com
pany seduced consumers into buying its
weight-loss pills4
  kw'k&'e:'*`iv'd&"ey"d!ak_`k%"?`s"e{'
q0"a!`k("mw`f>'d!akt`q01{"-
  99provocative a4 iv'd&"ey"d!a2f{`o<'
d!a
  7,B7 repair vt4 es'c*`
  ,The broken computer needs to be re
paired4
  a!"fw1k/"ax"d!adt"n%`e|'{"es'c*`-
  7,C7 dismiss vt4 lw'b/1
  t`33 dismiss sb from his/ her job lw'
b/1m(`gu1d!aa:1$"
  ,Tom was dismissed from his job for
incompetence4
  >'fx'k!'?'o/"i:"gu":1h%'lw'b/1-
  7,D7 recruit vt4 a%'m/"
  ,This headhunting agency helps recruit
new employees and has saved our company
lots of time4
  a!"k)'c+"gu1f(1k&'e:'ox'mx1a%'m/"e?'~1
k&'2f*"3`mu1k&'e:'iz`e)"ru`d3'i:1kt'-
  h:"j:1d>"o/`f+`
  a4 cabin n4 k*'jx';b}1jx'
  b4 crew n4 {b}1ix"r3"q0'k*'ix"d!ao j~1
f*`k&'h3"gu1~1{k*1r!1my1j:12o/"l!`i/"o
  t`33 a crew of+ i/"h:" k*`$"k&'h3"gu1
~1
  ,We have a crew of #ae on our plane4
  .k ,We have #ae crew members on our
plane4
  3`mu1k*'ix"*'k&"s`i:1/`$"k&'h3"gu1~1-
  ,D #e4 kw'h>1a:"d!an|`q>'t1gu1bz1gu"
a!"k!"ot'k*1ix"d!aj3"/"i:"o*`/"-
  m*"k*"
  7,A7 exotic a4 b&'mv`*"k31jy1d{"d!a
  ,The group is known for their exotic
performances and traveling from place to
place4
  kw'f}1f*`?'j*1b&'mv`*"k31jy1d{"d!ao{`
t`*`k*1a('s1k!"d*":1b/'my1-
  7,B7 fictional a4 e|'k("d!a2ot'h%"d!a
  ,The events in this film are entirely
fictional4
  a!"o/"y`pt"c*`d!ai:"kt"b=1i/`e|'k("-
  7,C7 random a4 e$1k*'d!a2gu"*"d!a
  t`33 randomly adv4 e$1*"d!a2gu"*"d!a
  ,Shelly threw random pieces of silk
scarves into her ,Louis ,Vuitton leather
trunk4
  e8`c*"e$1*"ds'c!ak*`f{1e:'k?'d%"f>'d!a
c/"*"-$'dz'p*1e.'a&'-
  ,The man who randomly killed a child
for no reason should be severely
punished4
  n>"my1e$1k*'i>'rw"*'my1rw1f&1d!anv1h:`
y'kw'k+'i("t1c*"a:"jw1-
  7,D7 editorial a4 ot'k*1ix"d!a & n4
i!"c="
  ,The textbook publisher has an
editorial staff of #cj4
  a!"k)'k{"l!'i/'b/'ov`i!"s`ev'i:1$"ot'
k*1gu1~1-
  ,That newspaper's recent editorials
have been centering around environmental
issues4
  n>"k)'o%"i!"d!ai!"c="h$"k?"d('$1g%"hw"
r}1ky"*"f*1ix"-
  h:"j:1d>"o/`f+`
  a4 admit vt4 bz1gu"
  ,Contrary to her previous statement1
the suspect decided to admit her guilt4
  |`et'jt1k&"j:1e.'qv`d!ai:"2kw'et1qv"
k81dy"gu"h$"-
  b4 a slip of the pen o*`/"
  t`33 a slip of the tongue l(`/"
  ,It's just a slip of the pen4 ,I
didn't mean it4
  n>"a:`i:"o*`/"- 3`i:"/1e?'d!a-
  ,A #f4 n>"my1k&'a&"gu1/"k|"k&'k*1ey"
d!at1c="i:"o*"hw"*'e+'h/1j41a:'kt'?`q>'
b&'f/1-
  m*"k*"
  7,A7 trigger vt4 ?`j*`
  ,Ken's new girlfriend triggered a lot
of questions from his friends4
  >'lu`d!ae?'n|`s`?`q>'pz1s`mu1e41="f>'
e|`d3'="f*1-
  7,B7 recharge vt4 k.'{m(`/"o b&'dt"
  ,My i,Phone needs to be recharged
because the battery is dead4
  3`d!a i,Phone e|'{"b&'dt"2?'$"f>'m01
dt"c!a-
  7,C7 terminate vt4 k+`k/";a&'a:`
  ,Hillary sold confidential information
and was thus terminated by the company4
  e*'c>'g$`qv"i("k*'m*"h:'e4"2?'j:`h%'
k&'e:'k+`k/"-
  99confidential a4 k*'m*"d!a
  7,D7 conserve vt4 k+1iz`{nz1~1o;o%`|"
  t`33 conservation n4 o%`r/";{d&"a:1/"
d!ao o%`|"
  ,We should conserve as much energy as
possible4
  3`mu1y'kw'{"k?`c."k+18'nz1~1-
  ,Conservation is one way to make sure
we have enough natural resources in the
future4
  o%`|"i:"j8"o%`3`mu1k.'cw1s`h/1k("h:"
gv1h:'~1d!a*'a&`qx'q>`-
  h:"j:1d>"o/`f+`
  a4 figure n4 gu1/"
  b4 inevitably adv4 o/"l!`o*"mt`d!a
  ,People inevitably experience turning
points that
require them to make big changes in
their lives4
  gu1hw"*'iz'a&'o/"l!`o*"mt`d!ar$"ky'c*"
e|'{"h3"b/'a&"d>"kw`ot"d!aa}`c+"dt`-
  c4 conflict n4 b&'f/1;d*`b/"
  ,B #g4 dx'm>'m>'="e{`d*"dx'ft'}`ix"j|"
n>`:'i:12f>'k0`c!ak!"rv1r/1d!ad>1v"-
  m*"k*"
  7,A7 fruitless a4 m01s`k+1k3`d!a2/1e{"
k3`d!a
  ,The negotiation between the two
nations was fruitless4
  n>"c.`k31a:'kt'd!afv1pv"m01s`k+1k3`-
  7,B7 vague a4 m<1r/1d!a
  ,I have only a vague notion of what my
father does for a living4
  k}'|13`o>"o>"h3"i!1m!a$1iz'23`a:`s`k!"
m<1r/1d!akw"nt"-
  7,C7 multiple a4 d3'b&1d!a2a&"d3'd!a
  ,Britney's latest album consists of
multiple versions of the same song4
  o/"cv1n*1d!ah$"e?'a}'k*1i('c/"c!ae.'
f&1k!'j|`d!ae|`d3'ov`ou`-
  7,D7 renewable a4 {nz1~1o l!`hw"iz'd!a
  t`33 renewable energy hw"iz'nz1~1
  ,My brother is at last beginning to
invest in renewable energy4
  3`k!'k!'a&'|1lw'i:`{"f(1h:'l!`hw"iz'
nz1~1c!a-
  ,C #h4 ?'$"3`s`t1a&"d!ajy'b='d("="f*12
e3`*`*'i:'kt"*"3`i:`6"o/"rv1s1a:'d!ar9"
a_'p?`-
  m*"k*"
  7,A7 chimney n4 t'j&'
  ,Santa ,Claus came down the chimney
with a bundle of toys flung over his
shoulder4
  iz"dv"c%`k&'k&'j&1t'j&'p>1e)"cw12kt'
ix"o0'a!a*'dw"}1k|"-
  99a bundle of''' *'l=`/ i/""""
  7,B7 ornament n4 a_'i:"p?`
  ,Peter purchased a lot of ornaments
for his ,Christmas tree4
  o*`d!1$"f>'d!aiz"dv"i/"mw`c!ae|`d3'a_'
i:"p?`-
  7,C7 cosmetics n4 r9"a_'p?`{rz16"q/"
i/"o
  ,Shu ,Uemura had many types of
cosmetics on sale on ,Christmas ,Day4
  a:1j='es"hw"iz"dv"k+1n>"ft's`e|`d3'c0"
ey1d!ar9"a_'p?`d('f!"k)"-
  7,D7 tissue n4 $"iz'a:`
  ,I bought a pack of ,Disney ,Princess
series-themed tissues from ,Watsons4
  3`j&1j|'bu1i:"mw`c!a*'o%'d*1i:"n*1k&'
a/`a/`f*1e*"c+"d!a$"iz'a:`-
  h:"j:1d>"o/`f+`
  a4 suggest vt4 kt"*";et`i:"
  t`33 suggest+ that+ ,S+ 7should7+ ,V
kt"*""""
  ,The teacher suggested that ,Al study
three hours
  a day for the next two months to pre
pare for the big test4
  kw'c%`i:'kt"*"w":`$"cw1a!"c.`k!"8"a&'2
m0`ft'r9'ev'k!"e{`i:1d/1i/'cw1a=`o0"n>"
bx`d>"l%`-
  b4 acne n4 jy'b='d("2qu`j:"
  ,C #i4 hw"d*":"j:"i:"k+"d>"av"au'a/'
kx`i:"av"c8"ey"ru`a&"{"d!am0`k31rw`k4'
k*'d*"2f&1i:1+`i:"*'k!"a&"{"d!ae."az'-
  m*"k*"
  7,A7 sheepishly adv4 kv'k>"d!a;l="k6`
d!a
  ,Vicky grinned sheepishly when she
noticed the handsome man looking at her4
  $1j*1q>'et"n>"k!"i7"k!'hw"lv"f>'i:12
kv'k>"d!ae{"c!a*'e{"-
  99grin vi4 c/"b:`:1e{"
  7,B7 casually adv4 s'et1d!a
  ,Much to our surprise1 ,Belle was
casually dressed for the formal party4
  cy"3`mu1d>"kv`ky')"d!ai:"2o0":1ky"e$1
ey"d>`ov"jv'|"a!"bx`az"i:"t"r$"-
  7,C7 strategically adv4 av"c8"ey"d!a
  t`33 strategic a4 j!"c8"d!a;av"c8"d!a
  ,Strategically placed video cameras
can alert police to any trouble4
  j!"c8"ey"d!aqx"a:"i!"y`k*'nz1k("i:`ky`
qx'ky`k81d%"gu"r!1m>1qv1-
  ,East ,Asia has been a region of great
strategic importance to the ,,US4
  d$"m0`k31:1t12d&')`*'a:1i:"av"c8"ix"
k*1$1a&"{"d!aj|'|"-
  7,D7 mindlessly adv4 /1*"i:"d!a
  ,Peggy was sitting mindlessly in front
of the television until her bedtime4
  p0"k*1/1*"i:"d!ah3"hw"dt"i:"k*'jt1a:1
d%"f>'d!ai$"k{"i:1kt'-
  h:"j:1d>"o/`f+`
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  ,B #aj4 3`o>"o>"e."_`f&1nt1i:1dw"hw"
l!'e*'k)'d%`n>"a&`o*`k{"b=1p/1j+`l7"c!"
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  apply for''' iu'jy`"""{a:1$"o
  ,My sister applied to three
universities but was only accepted into
one4
  3`k+`k+`e."ev'e3`d>"e81f*1b/'g/"e81iu'
jy`2dv"a:`s`*'e3`c/"j|`f>'-
  ,Helen is going to apply for a job at
that bank4
  rw`c=1k*1k.'j|"n>"k)'?1rx1y"az'k&'h3"-
  7,B7 yearn vi4 e."_`2l!`_"
  t`33 yearn to ,V l!`_"{""""
  .k long to ,V
  .k be longing/ yearning/ eager to'''
  ,Henry yearns to travel to every
country in the world4
  rz'c*"l!`_"d%"j~1js1k!"d*"d!ak31k)'c|`
s1-
  7,C7 register vi4 dz'k*"2a/"j!"
  t`33 register for''' o%"my1jv'k)'""";
a/"j!""""
  ,I plan on registering for a ,French
course this summer at the ,French
,Training ,Center4
  3`k*"r9"hw"k?'nt1e)"ft'o%"my1ix"kw'q>"
|`k{"e81a&'e?'d!aq>"|`l!"bz1-
  7,D7 account vi4 k+`i:"2i3'my1{|`k+"
j:1 for oy"6"o
  ,Hard work accounts for ,Abby's
success4
  n/`c*"i:"w"o*`bz1k&'d!a~1?'-

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#f 8" #h g:" =1*"e~`ft1

        ,The ,Barefoot ,College
        hw"iz'nz1~1dw"cw1d!ak_'c."|`e*'
_""1b:"k{`e81~"

  by ,Paul ,Hines
  ,Underprivileged women are harnessing
the sun and empowering their
communities4
  g3"i:"q/"n|`c*"6"fw".1nz1*`$"f>'mu1d!a
i!"j|'q>'dt"-

  ,Throughout developing countries1
millions of people in poor rural
communities survive on less than one
,,US dollar a day4 ,Many of those who
reside in these districts typically have
no direct 7#a7 to fresh running water1
and electricity is more often than not
either scarce or nonexistent4 ,When
firewood is not available1 kerosene is
often used for cooking1 heating1 and
lighting1 which is not only expensive
but also has a 7#b7 effect on the
environment4 ,With the most rudimentary
of formal educations being the norm1 and
illiteracy being commonplace1
opportunities for individuals to escape
the poverty trap they are born into are
7#c7 and far between1 which is
especially true for girls1 women1 and
the elderly4 ,This somewhat 7#d7
scenario is what makes the success of
the ,Barefoot ,College such a remarkable
feat4
  ,The ,Barefoot ,College is an ,India-
based non-governmental organization
7,,NGO7 that was 7#e7 #dj years ago by a
small group of well-educated college
graduates4 ,They wanted to find
alternative methods of 7#f7 the poverty
afflicting rural ,India then and now4
,Incidentally1 the term 8,Barefoot0
actually originated in ,China1 7#g7
8barefoot professionals0 describes an
organization committed to helping the
poor1 neglected1 and marginalized
sections of society4
  ,In #aiij1 the college started the
solar program1 which provides
underdeveloped rural communities with
energy self- sufficiency4 ,Illiterate
women over the age of #ce travel to the
school1 if need be1 and are taught solar
engineering skills for six months4 ,When
they return to their communities1 they
are able to 7#h7 solar lamp kits and
panels linked to batteries4 ,They also
establish a local electronic 7#i7 for re
pairs4
  ,The ,Barefoot ,College foots the bill
for all of the 7#aj7 and invests a
further ,,US 4#ej1jjj on solar
equipment4 ,This is sufficient for
powering #abj households as well as
empowering the underprivileged1
particularly women4

  7,A7 few 7,B7 install 7,C7 where
7,D7 access 7,E7 established 7,F7 what
7,G7 depressing 7,H7 expenses
7,I7 casually 7,J7 detrimental
7,K7 workshop 7,L7 addressing
          33333333333333333333

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d3'ov"k&'y'o/"h/1r3"ku'ou`o/"j=1hw"- dx'
gu1mu1/1q>`j|`d!1m/"bw12m01s1ks"ky'bx1
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n>"o/"k?`k)"k!1x1k$"2+`r$"d$"r}1ky"h%"
bz1o/"c.1d!ay`e.`- s1|1h$"k*'ou`d!aaz"
i:"k{"|"bz1$1bx1fw"2=1mx1+`o/"h/1$1j*12
gu1mu1{"ow`f3'f>'mu1b/'iz'|1p?1l="b/`ky"
d!ak*'r$"i:"i%`a:'s"i%`2d$"|1n|`rw1,q/"
n|`*`k*1nt1ax`a!`:1t1kz"i:"g/1j:`- az"
i:"a!"a&`s`e+'cy"gu1kv`ix'd!ajy1l_"gx"
b:"k{`e81~"d!abz1k&'bz1$1*'e."q0'qv1bz1
ks"-
  b:"k{`e81~"i:"*'k)'h&`o/"i!"|1?"d/"d!a
q0'az"q/`h/`a:' 7,,NGO71 s1*'e{`j41i("
k3"c.1r%`k{"|"d!ad>"e81o*"+"iz'|1e:"i:1
nt1jt1b_"c*"- f>'mu1e.`{"a%`b/'f*"dw"qx'
v"2*`k+`k81k3"j|"r!1et"k?'d('l="g%`a!a?"
d/"e.'j='d*"j|'d!ap?1j61="f*1- q/"dw"*'
f*1288b:"k{`00 *'j:1i:1k*"ix"~1h:"|1a&'
k312hw"a&'k3188b:"k{`a}'+"gu1i:"00 m{1
i/"d!ai:"*'k!"h/`a:'2a:"c*"|1ox'a/"p?1
j61,i("d%"r/'i:"*`k*1ot'~1r9"d!ai!"r$"
k+'k*1-
  #aiij nt12kw'e81~"lw'b_"c!afw".1nz1k*"
r9"2$1$"lw'q>'d!ae.'j='d*"j|'f*1k&'nz1~1
h:"k*`- g/1k3`o*"{"d!ar9"2ev'i:1/`e$"*`
ix"d!a=1mx1n|`ey"r$"jt1_`kw'e{"e81e*1fw"
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dx'f>'mu1qv`r$1f>'mu1d!ai!"j|'i:12f>'mu1
ot"l!`*`v'a_'ct1k+'d%"dt"b:1d!afw".1nz1
dz'k|"f%"kt"|`fw".1nz1ov`- f>'mu1+`b_"
c*"c!a*'kt'dx'd*"d!adt"h:`$1es'k&'h3"
qx'-
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fw".1nz1i!"o0"f(1h:'/`}"m0`~1- a!"d$"*'
ow`:"i:1r/"gu1k)'f*1k&'dt"c*"cw1i3'*`h/1
k("2oy"j+`k0`|`g3"i:"h/1j41kz"d3'c*"c."2
s1j*1i:"n|`ey"-

  d>1v"33
  #a4 ,D #b4 ,J #c4 ,A #d4 ,G #e4 ,E
#f4 ,L #g4 ,C #h4 ,B #i4 ,K #aj4 ,H
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  99barefoot a4 b:"k{`d!a & adv4 b:"k{`
d!a
  99underprivileged a4 p?1l="d!a
  99harness vt4 c*"6";k)"|"
  99rural a4 e.'j='d!a;c3"r("d!a
  99nonexistent a4 o/"j=1hw"d!a
  99firewood n4 bw1r3`
  99kerosene n4 m01s1
  99rudimentary a4 k*'ou`d!a;b/'o/"d!a
  99poverty n4 p?1j612p?1l="
  99trap n4 et"ky`
  99feat n4 k&'k*'2a_"k|`
  99well-educated a4 i("k3"c.1r%`k{"|"
d!a
  99afflict vt4 a!1m<1
  99incidentally adv4 i="ot"*'f*1
  99marginalized a4 ot'~1r9"d!a
  99section n4 k+'k*1;o/"qu"
  99solar a4 fw".1nz1d!a
  99kit n4 p0"f%"~1kt"
  99panel n4 ov`;a}'mu1e{`h/`
  99household n4 k)'fy1
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 more often than not f&'bx12d3'ov"
  ,More often than not1 getting out of
bed in the morning is a struggle for me4
  d$"3`:1t12h%`ix"{"j&1o0"3'c*`p>1j*`cw1
f&'bx1ru`az'a>1-
  #b4 be committed to ,N/ ,V-ing a:"c*"
|1"""
  committed a4 a:"c*"d!a
  ,The rich man was committed to
building a school for the poor4
  n>"my1q/"&'a:"c*"|1ox'j61gu1kw"*'kt'
e81e{"-
  #c4 if need be g/1k3`s`o*"{"d!ar9"
  f&133 if necessary
  ,I'll ask someone to help you1 if need
be4
  g/1k3`s`o*"{"d!ar9"23`r$"a%`gu1cw1ox'
n*`-
  #d4 foot the bill q/"ax"
  f&133 pay the bill
  ,Dad always foots the bill when we go
out to dinner together4
  3`mu1r!1c%`o>"*'j*`b/'j|"b:'}`jv'i:1
d('i:"f>'q/"ax"-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 empower vt4 f*1k&'dt"c*";k0`|`c*"
c."
  ,Wealth empowered ,Jack to live a
comfortable life4
  k)'jw1}"k}"i:`d!ak+1l!"g:"h:ak3"d!aru`
r%`-
  #b4 reside vi4 k|'a/"
  t`33 reside in''' k|'a/"hw""""
  .k live in'''
  .k dwell in'''
  ,Only several hundred people reside in
that small town4
  a:`s`k*`ow`gu1k|'a/"hw"n>"h3"e{`au"
c*`-
  #c4 direct a4 a:1k+'d!a
  qv`33 indirect a4 kt"k+'d!a2|'r$1d!a
  ,Kevin's words are in direct conflict
with his actions4
  lw`=1d!at1ey1o/"*'-
  99be in conflict with''' |`"""b&'
f/1/ m%1d="
  ,We had to take an indirect route
because of the traffic jam4
  s1|1ew'b!'2e3`*`3`mu1o*"e|'g%"d%":1
ey1-
  #d4 scarce a4 j8'q>1d!a2o/"h/1d!a
  t`33 scarcely adv4 k*'r/'o/"
  ,Scarce resources lead to fierce
competition4
  h:'~1o/"h/1d%`a:"ky"az'k*'c+"-
  ,Terry is scarcely ever late for
school4
  fw"g$"ix"e81k*'r/'ru`i%`b:1d%"-
  #e4 norm n4 bx1fw"7a:'jt1a:"dy"k}"j:1
the72 k$'qv"{bx16"q/"i/"o
  t`33 social norms i!"r$"k$'qv"
  ,Sending kids to daycare centers is
gradually becoming the norm in modern
society4
  o>`rw1h:ae&"d%"v'j?'ov'hw"et"dw"i!"r$"
*`ky'a/1kt"ot"bz1*'a&`bx1fw"-
  ,Social norms are different throughout
the world4
  i:"k+"k!"d*"d!ai!"r$"k$'qv"d('o/"*'."-
  #f4 illiteracy n4 =1mx12o/"i:"h:"
  t`33 illiterate a4 o/"i:"h:"d!a & n4
o/"i:"h:"d!agu1
  #g4 commonplace a4 bx1kt"d!a
  ,Hardly anyone had a smartphone a few
years ago1 but now they're commonplace4
  k*`nt1jt1k*'r/'m01i!1m!agu1s`a:"r$"ey1
i(`k*'2dv"et"hw"j8"ru`bx1kt"-
  #h4 escape vt4 & vi4 f%1f3'2f%1c*1
  t`33 escape from''' j&1"""f%1c*1
  ,As many as #bej people escaped the
burning building4
  s`d3'd>1c.`ow`/`i:1gu1j&1n>"d&"a%1r3`
d!akt"a/1/"a&'f3'l="-
  ,The fly was desperately trying to
escape from the spider's web4
  a!"a:'jx'y1p?'my"e.`f%1c*1a:'a/'_`-
  #i4 scenario n4 jy1l_";jy1k+1
  #aj4 remarkable a4 c{`o/"j*`d!a
  ,Larry showed remarkable endurance
throughout his chemotherapy treatment4
  cw"g$"hw"r9"c{1j*1kt'av`et"b/'/1o*`d!a
gu`nw"c*"-
  99chemotherapy n4 r9"c{1
  #aa4 alternative a4 f*"dw"d!a & n4 e~`
h!1
  t`33 have no alternative but to ,V b/1
c!a{h3"o"""*`7"o+1/1e~`h!1
  ,With gasoline prices on the rise1
many countries are trying to find
alternative energy sources4
  e$1a!aj*"s1k)"k!1d!aix"iz'2e|`d3'k31
k)'az"i:"f/1a%`e41f*"dw"ey"nz1~1-
  ,I have no alternative but to report
you to the police4
  b/1c!ae."ky`qx'k%"q>'n*`a:'7"23`o+1/1
e~`h!1c!a-
  #ab4 originate vi4 j*`~1
  t`33 originate in''' ~1h:"|1"""
  ,Skiing originated in ,Europe and then
spread to other countries4
  r91e8`j*`~1|1('a('2k+'a!aot"o/"a:"j*1
f>'k31k)'-
  #ac4 neglect vt4 i/'r/';r/'i:"{ou`=1$1
k3"j|"qu'j:1h3"ey1g&1j:16"o
  ,John was fired for neglecting his
duties4
  8'rv"?'dw"r/'a:1h!1:1o0"b%`s1|1c!a-
          33333333333333333333

    &~1cw1g/1j:`y
  #a4 ,Many of those who reside in these
districts typically have no direct
access to fresh running water'''
  j*1a&'e|`d3'k|'a/"hw"a!"e+'d*"j|'d!a
gu1_`_`/1q>`a:1k+'j|`d!1b=1ky"d!ah:"cw1
i$`"""
  c*`s133
  a4 ou`f*1j!"i:"*`e)"k/"dy"pt"|`33
  have access to''' l!`j|`d!1""";s`j~1
i:`6""""
  ,Students have access to the swimming
pool as long as they show their ,I,Ds4
  kw'e{"d!ae81iz'a:`{"b/'i:"e81iz'az"ks"
l!`*`i:`6"s16`b:1-
  b4 ku'k|"ix"i/"6"q>`2 7,D7 e."y'$1az"
e~`-
  #b4 ,When firewood is not available1
kerosene is often used for cooking1
heating1 and lighting1 which is not only
expensive but also has a detrimental
effect on the environment4
  dx'gu1mu1/1q>`j|`d!1m/"bw12m01s1ks"ky'
bx1o0"dx'h3"pz'gu",k)'g!"r!1a%"my1d!a6"
f/12n>"o/"k?`k)"k!1x1k$"2+`r$"d$"r}1ky"
h%"bz1o/"c.1d!ay`e.`-
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1s`o/"dy"k}"j:1 a1 l&"k!1
r("s`my1j:1 effect {y`e.`o2d!1a:'l&"k!1
n0"y'a:"h:`?'$1i(`d!aey1g&1j:1*`es'i:"
effect4
  b4 e~`e."a&'q/1r!1ix"i/"d!as` 7,A7 few
{ru`i%`d!ao, 7,G7 depressing {cy"gu1k|`
ex"d!ao k*1 7,J7 detrimental {o/"c.1
d!ao2dv" a few r3" few a:'r("y'a:"q/"i/"
my1j:12l&"k!1r("d!amy1j:1 effect $1dv'
i/"2k/" 7,A7 e."o/"l!`e~`2ku'k|"|`*"2
7,J7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  c4 detrimental a4 s`rw"d!a;o/"c*"d!a
  t`33 be detrimental to''' d$""""s`rw"
  ,Smoking is detrimental to your
health4
  b('t's`rw"kt"lx'-
  #c4 '''opportunities for individuals
to escape the poverty trap they are born
into are few and far between'''
  """gu1mu1{"ow`f3'f>'mu1b/'iz'|1p?1l="
b/`ky"d!ak*'r$"i:"i%`a:'s"i%`"""
  c*`s133
  a4 ou`f*1j!"i:"*`e)"k/"dy"pt"|`33
  be few and far between rv`kt"d!a
  ,Nowadays1 people like that brave
young man are few and far between4
  e."n>"$"6`kv`d!ant1jy'gu1a:'cs1et"hw"
i%`a:'s"i%`-
  b4 ku'k|"ix"i/"6"q>`2 7,A7 e."y'$1az"
e~`-
  #d4 ,This somewhat depressing scenario
is what makes the success of the
,Barefoot ,College such a remarkable
feat4
  az"i:"a!"a&`s`e+'cy"gu1kv`ix'd!ajy1l_"
gx"b:"k{`e81~"d!abz1k&'bz1$1*'e."q0'qv1
bz1ks"-
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1s`q/"j:1 somewhat {s`*'
dt`o2l&"k!1r("s`my1j:1 scenario {jy1
l_"o2d!1a:'l&"k!1y'a:"ey1g&1j:1*`es'i:"
scenario4
  b4 e~`e."a&'$1ey1g&1j:1d!ak?`iz" 7,G7
depressing {cy"gu1k|`ex"d!ao2a:"g/"r("*"
q/1r!1|`*"2k/"$1az"e~`-
  c4 depressing a4 cy"gu1k|`ex"/ s'|"d!a
  ,It's hard for ,John to accept the
depressing fact that his girlfriend
doesn't love him anymore4
  8'rv"ru`nv1k+'i("f>'n|`s`*`o/"hw"w"f>'
a!"k!"cy"gu1k|`ex"d!ai:"i:1-
  #e4 ,The ,Barefoot ,College is an
,India-based non-governmental
organization 7,,NGO7 that was
established #dj years ago by a small
group of well-educated college
graduates4
  b:"k{`e81~"i:"*'k)'h&`o/"i!"|1?"d/"d!a
q0'az"q/`h/`a:' 7,,NGO71 s1*'e{`j41i("
k3"c.1r%`k{"|"d!ad>"e81o*"+"iz'|1e:"i:1
nt1jt1b_"c*"-
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1s` be d&"j:1 was1 l&"k!1
r("s`i:1kt'q/"j:1 #dj years ago {e:"i:1
nt1jt1o |`k+"j:1 by1 l!`a:'l&"k!1n0"y"
a:"g/"k3"j|"qu'j:1*`ey1bz1o0"d&"|`fw"-
  b4 e~`e."a&'$1k3"j|"qu'j:1d!ak?`s`
7,E7 established {o0"kt"c*"o2a:"g/"r("*"
q/1r!1|`*"2k/"$1az"e~`-
  c4 establish vt4 kt"c*"
  f&133 set up'''
  ,That company's short-term goal is to
establish its brand4
  kw'k&'e:'d!ad}`bz1m/"o{'i:"kt"c*"j*`
k&'e:'d!ap?`pw1-
  #f4 ,They wanted to find alternative
methods of addressing the poverty
afflicting rural ,India then and now4
  f>'mu1e.`{"a%`b/'f*"dw"qx'v"2*`k+`k81
k3"j|"r!1et"k?'d('l="g%`a!a?"d/"e.'j='
d*"j|'d!ap?1j61="f*1-
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1s`k+"j:1 of1 l&"k!1r("s`
my1j:1 the poverty {p?1j61o2l!`a:'l&"k!1
n0"y'a:"g/"d&"my1j:1ey1fw"d!ak*1/"d&"
j:1-
  b4 e~`e."a&'q/1r!1ix"i/"d!ak?`s` 7,L7
addressing {k+`k81o2a:"g/"r("*"q/1r!1|`
*"2k/"$1az"e~`-
  c4 address vt4 i!"q>`k+`k812b/`c*`
  ,The government is trying to address
the problem of illiteracy in the
country4
  kw'az"q/`az"i!"q>`k+`k81j*1k31k)'d!a=1
mx1="f*1-
  99illiteracy n4 =1mx12o/"i:"h:"
  #g4 ,Incidentally1 the term
8,Barefoot0 actually originated in
,China1 where 8barefoot professionals0
describes an organization'''
  q/"dw"*'f*1288b:"k{`00 *'j:1i:1k*"ix"
~1h:"|1a&'k312hw"a&'k3188b:"k{`a}'+"gu1
i:"00 m{1i/"d!ai:"*'k!"h/`a:'"""
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1s`o{`88d*"qx'00 d!amy1j:1
,China {a&'k31o2l&"k!1r("s`*'}1az`h:`
k|"2d!1a:'l&"k!1n0"y'a:"l!`es'i:"d*"qx'
d!ak}'e*"q/"j:1 where 7.k in which7 *`?`
d%`j*1r("d!aey1g&1j:1h:`k|"-
  b4 e~`e."a&'$1k}'e*"q/"j:1d!ak?`s`
7,C7 where {r!1b/"o2a:"g/"r("*"q/1r!1|`
*"2k/"$1az"e~`-
  ,The murder happened in ,Arizona1
where my best friend lives4
  a!"j*`m(1i>'v"q>'iz'hw")`c*"ex'n>"a('2
n>"c*`i:"3`r%`pz1s`k|'a/"d!ad*"qx'-
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solar lamp kits and panels linked to
batteries4
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  #i4 ,They also establish a local
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kt'-
  99convert vt4 kw`ot"2a}`ot"
  #aj4 ,The ,Barefoot ,College foots the
bill for all of the expenses and invests
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equipment4
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gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#f 8" #i g:"a/`f*1i:"e+`h3"

        ,Realizing ,My ,Grandmother's
,Dream
        $"nw`nw`~1mz"
  8have yet to ,V0 d!a6"q>`

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  c*"6" #b,W+ #a,H 7,What+ ,Why+ ,How7
  d*"*'d}" ,What dream do ,I want to
accomplish the most for my grandmother
and why8
  99,Taking my grandmother to an
amusement park is a goal of mine ,I have
yet to fulfill4
  99,My grandmother often talked about
her dream of visiting an amusement park4
  99,Ever since my grandmother was a
little girl1 she has always wanted to
go4
  99,When she got older and earned her
own money1 she was always too busy
working and raising her five children4
  d*":"d}" ,How do ,I help accomplish my
grandmother's dream8
  99,I have already made a plan4
  99,I calculated that after a month or
so at my new part-time job1 ,I will have
enough money saved up4
  k+1c="k|" ,My grandmother is one of
the most important people in my life1 so
it will be really satisfying to see the
look on her face when her wish is
realized6

  &d>"kx'y
  a/`f*1k|"33 ,Taking my grandmother to
an amusement park is a goal of mine ,I
have yet to fulfill4
  a4 ,All throughout my life1 my
grandmother often talked about her dream
of visiting one4
  b4 ,In fact1 ever since she was a
little girl1 my grandmother has always
wanted to go4
  c4 ,When she got older and earned
money of her own1 she was always too
busy working and raising her five
children4
  q>'av`k|"33 ,I currently don't have
enough money to help achieve my
grandmother's dream of going to a theme
park4
  a4 ,I have already made a plan4
  b4 ,I calculated that after a month or
so at my new part-time job1 ,I will have
enough money saved up4
  k+1c="k|"33 ,My grandmother is one of
the most important people in my life1 so
it will be really satisfying to see the
look on her face when her wish is
realized6
          33333333333333333333

    &qv"=1y
  ,Taking my grandmother to an amusement
park is a goal of mine ,I have yet to
fulfill4 ,All throughout my life1 my
grandmother often talked about her dream
of visiting one4 ,She told me that she
loved to see the pictures of amusement
parks in ,,TV commercials4 ,In fact1
ever since she was a little girl1 my
grandmother has always wanted to go4
,However1 her own mother and father
never took her there because they were
very poor4 ,When she got older and
earned money of her own1 she was always
too busy working and raising her five
children4
  ,Though ,I currently don't have enough
money to help achieve my grandmother's
dream of going to a theme park1 ,I have
already made a plan4 ,I have calculated
that after a month or so at my new
part-time job1 ,I will have enough money
saved up4 ,That way1 ,I can properly let
her have a good time at the amusement
park4 ,My grandmother is one of the most
important people in my life1 so it will
be really satisfying to see the look on
her face when her wish is realized6
          33333333333333333333

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$"i:1et"d!am/"o{'- hw"3`d!aiz'my"c*`2nw`
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}1d!alw'e?'- 3`nw`nw`i:"3`iz'my"a&'h$"
a&"{"d!agu1a:'*'2?'j:`2lv"d%"f>'~"_"i:1
et"i:1ct`ix"d!ao{`jy1k.'r$"au'az"cy"3`
e?'mv`*"h/1l
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  99commercial n4 {k_`o<',dt"i:"d!ao k_`
k%"{l!`i/"o & a4 ix'+"d!a 7commercial |`
advertisement k4'a:`88k_`k%"002o/"k3"
commercial a:`g/1dt"i:",dt"fw1d!ay`?'k_`
k%"2:1 advertisement h!1$1l!`o%'k9'=1
h:",y`?'qx'mt"d!ak_`k%"-74
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 sth of one's own m(`gu1h:"k*`d!a
m(`/"{$1ey1g&1j:1pt"|`2a:"|1my1j:1a:'
r("2es'i:"kw'my1j:1o
  o*`k{" on one's own d/1c*"2l%"m(`gu1
h:"k*`{$1q/"j:1pt"|`2es'i:"k|"a&'d&"j:1o
  ,I need a space of my own so ,I can
concentrate better4
  3`e|'{"h:"k*`d!al&'kt'2*`ot"nz1kz"k*1
a&'a/"*"c*"-
  ,Don't worry4 ,I can handle it on my
own4
  o/"6"dv'e?'- 3`*'k!"gu1ks"nz1b/`c*`
r%`-
  #b4 be busy ,V-ing mx1a!aj&1i:""""
  f&133 be busy with ,N
  .k be occupied with ,N/ ,V-ing
  ,Those workers were busy building a
new road4
  n>"e+'k&'gu1az"mx1a!akt"h%"*'f{1e?'
c/"-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,Taking my grandmother to an amusement
park is a goal of mine ,I have yet to
fulfill4
  a/"*"
  ou`k|"*"l!`e+`bz133
  ,Taking my grandmother to an amusement
park is a goal of mine ,I haven't
fulfilled yet4
  have yet to ,V ix"$"/ rw1m01"""
  f&133 have not+ p4 p4+ yet
  ,You are not allowed to go outside
because you have yet to finish your
homework4
  .k ,You are not allowed to go outside
because you have not finished your
homework yet4
  n*`rw1m01h3"}1k&'l!"e3`*`o/"a=`b/'mu1-
  ,Ted has yet to find the proper
balance between work and play4
  .k ,Ted hasn't found the proper
balance between work and play yet4
  fw"d!1ix"$"a%`d%"k&'h3"r!1|1c!"kt'd!a
i:"dx"py1rz1dt`-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 realize vt4 i:1et"{mz"e.`o;c{`k+`
  t`33 realize/ carry out/ fulfill/
achieve one's dream 7s7 i:1et"m(`gu1d!a
mz"e.`
  ,Ken finally realized his dream of
becoming a lawyer4
  >'lu`a&'|1i:1et"dx'c|"i:'d!amz"e.`c!a-
  ,I finally realized what ,John had
said was nonsense4
  3`a&'|1c{`k+`d%"8'rv"e3`i3'd!ar9"i:"*'
pw"r/1t1-
  99nonsense n4 r/1i3'o>'d%"2q0"r9"{o/"
l!`i/"o
  #b4 an amusement park s1c!"~12:1f&1c!"
~1
  amusement n4 |1c!"2e{'jt`
  t`33 amuse vt4 i:`|1c!"2i:`l7"c!"
  amuse sb with sth *`m(`/"d("m(`gu1lw'
e?'
  ,The clown amused the children with
magic tricks4
  a!"my1e{`b(`6"m<1i/"o>`e*"d("n>"e+'e{`
pz1s`lw'e?'-
  #c4 throughout prep4 hw""""j*1kt';ot"
k*1"""
  ,Anna was frightened throughout the
movie4
  a!"az`o/"dt"y`gx"v'n>"lv"d!ae?'ky'dv`
av"-
  ,Most people are against war
throughout the world4
  j~1i:"k+"d>"d3'i/"gu1d('qv`d$"av"az'-
  #d4 raise vt4 .`|"{rw1h:ao;e:".`{d&"
/"o;m/"{l}`o
  ,I was born in ,Taipei but raised in
,Taichung4
  3`hw"fw1o0`b/'iz'2dv"hw"fw1a&'o0"q/`.`
ax`d>"-
  ,Stephen has been raising chickens in
his backyard for years4
  i:`d*"qu'hw"f>'d!ar("~".`k*'*`ky'.`c!a
r%`k*`nt1c!a-
  ,The class raised ,,NT 4#aj1jjj and
collected five bags of clothes for the
disaster victims4
  j~1ov'$"hw'm?1m/"d%"e?'fw1o*"*'}"~1r!1
/`dw"*'/"-
  #e4 calculate vt4 k/'k*"{*` that h:`
k|"h3"i("j:1o;k*"e}"
  t`33 calculate that''' k/'k*""""
  .k estimate that'''
  ,The committee calculated that the
project would cost at least one million
,,US dollars4
  kw'$`~1r$"f$'k/'a!"k!"v"h:aa:"i%`e|'
r9'q0"*'ow`}"m0`~1-
  ,I calculate how much money ,I can
spend every month4
  3`k*"e}"m0`k!"8"nz1k("r9'q0"d!ak?'!1-
          33333333333333333333

    &k?"k+'qv"=1y
  ,My grandmother's dream is quite
simple and modest--to visit a theme
park one day4 ,While going to amusement
parks is commonplace for children of
this generation1 in my grandmother's
day1 it wasn't4 ,Many families in
,Taiwan were poor then1 and neither my
grandmother nor her brother ever had the
chance to enjoy going to an amusement
park4 ,Later1 when she became an adult1
other things got in the way of her
visiting a theme park4 ,These included
being a mother of five and working to
help support her family4 ,In addition1
my grandmother is a rather frugal woman4
  ,I intend to surprise my grandmother
by treating her to a day at a great
amusement park4 ,I know she will
absolutely love it1 but ,I don't have
much money in my savings account4 ,As a
result1 ,I searched for a part-time job
and found one recently4 ,This will
enable me to accumulate enough savings
to accomplish my goal of helping my
grandmother fulfill her dream4 ,In
addition1 ,I will make sure that ,I come
up with a super plan for that day4 ,I
want to also treat my grandmother to
dinner afterwards4 ,My grandmother is
wonderful1 and ,I am very close to her4
,It will be the proudest day of my life
to be able to do this for her4
          33333333333333333333

  3`nw`nw`d!amz"e.`e.'dx'kt`dv's"p/1
i:1"1e*'_"s`a%'*'g:"nz1h%"qx`a/`f*1k&'
~1- k?`k}`j|"s1c!"~1d$"3`mu1a!"*'i:"dw"
d!arw1h:amu1cw1i3'i:"k)'bx1ot"qv"2dv"hw"
3`nw`nw`d!an>"k!"nt1dw"j8"o/"i:"g/1j:`-
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k+'o/"jz1e.`i("k3"d%"s1c!"~1}1d!ak*'r$"-
r("cw12f>'bz1nt1a:'r("2j*1f>'d!ai:"jy1
h/`w"c!af>'h%"qx`a/`f*1k&'~1- a!"j*1a&'
o%'k9'c!aiu'$1/`k!"rw1h:ad!am/`j?'2*`k*1
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d%"f>'k81d$"r$"e*`r}'2dv"3`r/"f(1c*`oy"
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a:1k&'h3"d!ak*'r$"oy"hw"h$"k?"a%`d%"*'
qu"bw'i:"- a!"k.'gx"3`nz1k("c0`k*'h/1k("
d!aj=1l}`cw1}1bz13`ox'a/"nw`nw`i:1et"f>'
mz"e.`d!am/"o{'- j:`7"23`+`r$"j8"o%`3`
nz1e.`b/'*'k!"b%'k*1k*"r9"cw1y1k+'n>"
ft'- a:'r("3`rw1e.`jy`nw`nw`b:'qv"- 3`
d!anw`nw`ru`ox"23`ku'f>'ru`j?'k?"- n/`
c*"$"f>'i:1et"mz"e.`k.'i:"3`gu1iz'a&'h$"
k{'%"d!a*'ft'-

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#f 8" #aj g:" iu'd/"c|`s1

        ,Mad about ,Madagascar6
        l_1+`d>"h:"gv1"1m>`d>1k)'e:'k)'
  8boast0 d!a6"q>`

  by ,Paul ,Hines
  ,Time will tell whether this unique
island nation will eventually become a
future ecotourism hotspot4
  i:1kt'r$"az"my1a!"h3"d/1f!"d%`|`$"cw1
i:"q(`r$"bz1$1*'k!"iz'fw"c|`s1d!ag!"mu1
ky`dt`-

  ,The ,Republic of ,Madagascar is the
fourth-largest island in the world4 ,It
lies off the coast of ,Southeast ,Africa
in the ,Indian ,Ocean4 ,Around #hh
million years ago1 ,Madagascar split
from ,India during the breakup of the
supercontinent ,Gondwana4 ,The flora and
fauna there were then able to evolve in
isolation1 and as a consequence1 ,Ma
dagascar has an astonishingly unique
biodiversity1 with over #ij`0 of its
endemic wildlife found nowhere else on
the planet4 ,The country also boasts
stunning beaches1 dense forests1 and a
climate that ranges from tropical to
semi-arid4
  ,The name used to refer to the #bb
million ,Madagascar nationals is
,Malagasy1 which is also the name of the
language spoken1 although ,French is
also an official language1 as a legacy
of ,French rule between #ahig and #aieh4
,Prior to the ,French occupation1
,British missionaries built churches and
introduced ,Christianity4 ,Today1 about
half of the population is ,Christian1
while the other half practices
traditional religion1 which places
emphasis on the relationship of the
living with their ancestors4
  ,Madagascar's massive potential for
tourism has yet to be fully realized1
simply because the nation is
underdeveloped1 with the average annual
income being only ,,NT 4#ad1jjj4 ,On top
of that1 political instability1 coups1
and uprisings1 which have occurred every
#bj years or so1 deter companies that
might otherwise be interested in
investing in the country4 ,Deforestation
of what were once pristine forests also
threatens to permanently undermine the
viability of any potential ecotourism4
,Nevertheless1 travelers willing to take
the plunge and visit ,Madagascar more
often than not return to their homelands
singing the praises of the colonial
historical sites1 craftsmanship and
artistry1 and the laid-back lifestyle
found in the relaxed cities and towns of
this truly unique land4
          33333333333333333333

  m>`d>1k)'e:'k)'k&"r!1k31i:"i:"k+"ix"
d*"e:"d>"d%`- f>'$"|1q0'a('d&'nv1rw`v"
d!a?"d/".1ix"- 8'm<"o>'jt'o>'ow`}"nt1
jt12m>`d>1k)'e:'k)'hw"kx'9`n>"d>"c/"{ot'
v"33hw"d*"a:1e81a&'2kx'9`n>"d>"c/"{+`bz'
kx'9`n>"k/`c/"r3"nv1qx'd>"c/"o i:"*'k!"
k/`d>"c/"my1bz'2f>'i:"j&1pv1k/`d>"c/"qu'
c+"b/'cw1d!ac.`l7"b%'d>"c/"a:'*'2cy"*'
k!"b%'d>"c/"$1c%1)`d>"c/"2jz1ky'j=1hw"|1
nv1ov"js1-o ov`l7"qu'c*1i:1j*1h:"?"d/"
qu'c+"b/'cw1- n>"c*`d!ad&"a:1/"dx'i:1nz1
k("h:"ey1d/1c*"t`r9"2?'j:`2m>`d>1k)'e:'
k)'6`s`ky'gu1d!ad/1f!"iz'/"d3'."ey"2s`
b%'k3" #ij`0 i:"ix"j*1f>'d*"qx'd('a%`o/"
d%"d!af!"s`+`iz'd&"a:1/"- kw'k31rw16`s`
m*1gu1d!ai>'fv',m%"m*"d!aeu'c?12*`k*1qv"
$1j&1g!"dw"d%"ov"kv'rv"c0"ey1d!aj*"r("-
  m>`c>'k)'e:'i:"6"cw1o{`i:"c.`jt'c.`ow`
}"m>`d>1k)'e:'k)'k31m?1d!amy1bz'2+`i:"
dx'd*"e3`i:`6"d!a|`t1my1bz'2gv1:1q>"|`
h3"$1kw'k31|1 #ahig nt1a:" #aieh nt1kt'
hw"q>"k31f&`a:"e)"d!a*1bv`2+`i:"*'a&`k}'
qx'|`t1- hw"q>"k31av"cy`a:'jt12y'k31b}1
k{"i:"kt"h%"c!ak{"fx1oy"?`k?"c!ak*'d/'
k{"- i:1a:"k?'g:"2d>"8's`*'ov"d!agu1l(`
i:"k*'d/'f/12:1cy"*'ov"gu1l(`h!1qz"ey1
b}1f&`d!ah&'k{"2a!"a&`h&'k{"k.'a&"dt`qx"
hw"iz'a!`|`h/`et'd!act1e*"-
  m>`d>1k)'e:'k)'k}'k_'+"d!aiu'r("jt1c*"
ix"$"b&'qu"q>'r$'2a:`?'$"kw'k31$1py1k4'
nt1i('g/"k?`e?'fw1o*"*'}"e:"jt'~1d!ao/"
q>'d>1k31k)'- b/1j:`a:'7"2d>"8'm0`:"i:1
nt1r$"q>'iz'd!aaz"k|1d&"dx",az"ot"r!1o%"
d&"2gx"l!`nz1s`ey"j|"hw"kw'k31f(1h:'d!a
k&'e:'k3`h/1o/"jt1- lv`q>'jz1ky'b/`|1~1
i:`a_"fw"d!aeu'c?1+`s`l!`nz1r$"6`ks`p<"
r7"gu"r!1jt1hw"iz'fw"c|`s1d!al!`ey1ey"-
k?`k}`g/1j:`2~"*"m%"et`bx1i:"oy"h%"qx`
m>`d>1k)'e:'k)'d!ac|`l!"d3'ov"r$"r$1d%"
h:"k*`d!ah/`k31d>"c*"hv".1m>`d>1k)'e:'
k)'d!aa:1m?1c*"i:`*1k*',k&'*"*"i/"2*`k*1
hw"a!"l7"6`s`cy"gu1qx"e&'bz1au"d!aau'az"
d/1f!"f/`d*"ix"jw1l!`a%`d%"d!as'et1iz'
r31qx'i:"-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  99ecotourism n4 iz'fw"c|`s12iz'fw"k}'
k_'
  99breakup n4 qu'c*1;qu'i(`
  t`33 break up with sb r!1m(`gu1qu'i(`
  99supercontinent n4 b%'d>"c/"
  99flora n4 a:1/"j41
  99fauna n4 d&"/"j41
  99biodiversity n4 iz'/"d3'."ey"
  99endemic a4 d*"qx'f!"s`d!a;hw"f!"dy"
d*"j|'cs1ey1d!a
  99,Malagasy n4 m>`c>'k)'e:'|`{i:"*'a&`
nv1d%`|`e*"|`t12$1m>`d>1k)'e:'k)'d!ak}'
qx'|`t1a:'*'2m>`c>'k)'e:'|`k+'k?"|1p<1
c31a('nv1o/"2nv1k)'c*`mv"dv'o>'c*`f3'r!1
*'dw"d!a|`t1o
  99coup n4 az"ot"{h:"$` p o/"q>'?'o
  99deforestation n4 eu'c?1lv`q>'
  99craftsmanship n4 i(`/ k&'*"
  99artistry n4 *"i/"ey"
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 be mad about''' d$""""l_1g!"/ a%1
m*1
  f&133 be crazy about'''
  ,Patty is mad about watching ,Korean
soap operas4
  pw"d*"a%1m*1|1lv"rv1k|"-
  #b4 off the coast of+ d*"qx' m(`d*"d!a
7"rw`
  ,The tropical island is located off
the coast of ,Indonesia4
  a!"h3"g!"dw"d%`|`$"b/`?"n*17"rw`-
  #c4 split from''' j&1"""qu'c*1
  #d4 in isolation k/'c*"d!a
  t`33 live in isolation k3"a!a|`i:"k!1
k81d!aiz'r31
  ,Lucy lives in isolation like a
hermit4
  c/"e*'e."?`i:"ov'k3"a!a|`i:"k!1k81d!a
iz'r31-
  99hermit n4 ?`i:"
  #e4 prior to''' {i:1kt'ix"o hw"""" a:'
jt1 7.k before'''7
  #f4 on top of''' b/1"""a:'7" 7.k in
addition to'''7
  ,On top of grapes1 ,I also like
strawberries4
  b/1c!ap/1f%1*`7"23`+`ru`e*`r}'j%`m01-
  #g4 threaten to ,V s`l!`nz1"""
  #h4 take the plunge m%"et`*'i:"2qx"i(`
*'o<1
  ,Steven took the plunge and set up his
own business4
  i:`d*"qu'qx"i(`*'o<1lw'b_"h:"k*`d!ai:"
+"-
  #i4 more often than not f&'bx12d3'ov"
          33333333333333333333

    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,The country also boasts stunning
beaches1 dense forests1 and a climate
that ranges from tropical to semi-arid4
  a/"*"
  boast vt4 {m(`d*"qx'o 6`s`{r%`d!ai:"/"
r3" f!"az'o2*`{6`s`o""":1h:"r%1 & vi4
h:"l9'2l9'{"
  boast h3"k*1/"d&"j:1i:12a/`j:1f&'bx1
i:"m(`k*'k("r3"m(`d*"qx'- boast *"l!`h3"
o/"k*1/"d&"j:12o{`88h:"l9';l9'{"002|`k+"
j:1 of oy"6"2a/`j:1h!1$188gu100-
  t`33 boast of/ about''' h:"l9'"""2l9'
{""""
  .k brag of/ about'''
  ,The beautiful island boasts white
sand beaches4
  n>"h3"p{"c."d!ad%`|`6`s`k+1ow1d!ai>'
fv'-
  ,Alan likes to boast of his family
background1 which is why nobody likes
him4
  w"c=1e*`r}'l9'{"f>'d!ak)'fy1o0"ky`2a!"
i:"m01s`gu1e*`r}'f>'d!a~1?'-

  c*"k+"l%`f*1{l%`k/`f*1~1h:"c*"nt1l%`
f*1~1k|"oy"h3"o/"qu"iv'kt`o
  ,The city ---- four luxurious hotels
in the downtown area4 &#ajc nt1a:`l%`y
  7,A7 boasts 7,B7 consults
7,C7 conserves 7,D7 defends

  d>1v"33 ,A
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 astonishingly adv4 ky'gu1d!a
  #b4 semi-arid a4 ov"kv'h%"d!a
  arid a4 kv'h%"d!a;o/"m%1d!a
  #c4 legacy n4 *1bv`2*1hz"/"
  ,Those buildings are a legacy from
when the ,Dutch occupied ,Taiwan4
  n>"e+'kt"a/1/"i:"r!1cv1av"cy`fw1}'i:1
e3`cs1e)"cw1d!a*1/"-
  #d4 missionary n4 b}1k{"i:" & a4 b}1
k{"i:"d!a
  t`33 a missionary school/ hospital k{"
r$"e81e{"/ *'~"
  ,Mother ,Teresa and her ,Missionaries
of ,Charity are well known all over the
world4
  d!1c0`i>'es'n|`r!1f>'d!agu1w"b}1k{"es'
n|`r$"k|`i:"=1my1-
  ,Many young members of the ,Mormon
,Church spend time doing missionary
work4
  m<1mu1k{"r$"d!ae|`d3'nt1jy'bz1~1r9'q0"
i:1kt'j&1i:"b}1k{"k&'h3"-
  #e4 instability n4 o/"=`dy"
  qv`33 stability n4 =`dy"2v'dy"
  ,There is economic instability in that
country4
  kw'k31d!aky'k*"o/"=`dy"-
  ,The three circles in our company logo
symbolize stability1 honesty1 and unity4
  3`mu1k&'e:'ix'o{'d*"ev'k!"~1dw"o{`=`
dy",bz1e?"|`f}1k+1-
  #f4 deter vt4 h/`a:`
  t`33 deter sb from ,V-ing h/`a:`m(`gu1
{h3"o"""
  ,Bobby's first failure didn't deter
him from starting a new business4
  o%"o*`oy"m01s`?'$"i(`j:"i:'ow":1qx"j*"
lw'b_"e?'d!ai:"+"-
  #g4 pristine a4 ~1i:`a_"fw"d!a2$1b:1~1
m%"d!a
  #h4 permanently adv4 6`ks`d!a
  qv`33 temporarily adv4 av"i:1d!a
  t`33 permanent a4 6`ks`d!a26`~`d!a
  ,Winning the lottery permanently
changed ,Kyle's life4
  a&"c!"f("jw`6`~`kw`ot"c!alw`:`d!a*'
iz'-
  ,The restaurant is temporarily closed
for repairs4
  kw'jv'fy'?'az`es':1av"fy1y1+"-
  ,The operation left a permanent scar
on ,Rita's face4
  n>"j:"i(`i/"hw"g$"f>`d!act`ix"cs1e)"6`
ks`d!ao>'ru1-
  #i4 undermine vt4 p<"r7";ix'rw"
  ,Some people tried to undermine
,Alan's reputation by spreading rumors4
  s`gu1j*"f/1ev"o<'{1t1p<"r7"w"c=1d!amy1
iz'-
  99rumor n4 {1t12b}1=1
  #aj4 viability n4 l!`ey1ey"
  #aa4 laid-back a4 s'et1d!a

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#f 8" #aa g:" iu'd/"c|`s1

        ,Mad about ,Madagascar6
        l_1+`d>"h:"gv1"1m>`d>1k)'e:'k)'
  8row0 d!a6"q>`

  ,Without adequate infrastructure1 such
as sealed roads1 safe bridges1 and
tourist centers1 many of ,Madagascar's
tourist attractions provide little
economic benefit4 ,A case in point is
the ,Avenue of the ,Baobabs4 ,Baobab
trees1 which live for around #hjj years1
used to grow in the dense rainforests of
the western region of the island4
,Deforestation has left an irregular row
of a couple dozen #cj-meter-tall trees
along a dusty dirt track4 ,The landscape
creates a striking image that attracts a
steady flow of tourists from far and
wide1 yet without a tourist center or
gate fees1 the locals receive next to
nothing4
  ,On a brighter note1 ,July #bjae saw
the inaugural ,Annual ,Festival of
,Whales4 ,Each year1 humpback whales
make their way from the ,Southern ,Ocean
near ,Antarctica to the warm waters off
the coast of ,Madagascar to breed4 ,In
addition to whale-watching trips to
catch a glimpse of these much-loved
majestic creatures1 a concert and a
parade celebrating island culture1 along
with a major conference bringing
together international scientists1 made
this event a phenomenal success4
  ,Another tourism success story is
,Lemurs' ,Park1 a five-hectare botanical
garden and lemur reserve opened in
#bjjj4 ,Nine species of endangered
free-range lemurs1 which are mostly
confiscated pets1 receive rehabilitation
before being returned to the wild where
they rightfully belong4 ,They share
their home with #gj of ,Madagascar's
unique plant species4 ,With the backing
of two conservation ,N,G,Os1 along with
the efforts of #a1bgj teachers and
#cg1afc students1 more than #aa1jjj
native trees have been planted in the
reserve as part of the nation's
environmental studies curriculum4
  ,Projects such as these provide
evidence that ,Madagascar possesses the
tenacity to rise up and the potential to
be an ecotourism hotspot4
          33333333333333333333

  e|`d3'm>`d>1k)'e:'k)'d!ac|`s1ky`dt`d('
m01s`e."i:"o<1s1c/",v'j~1j{1c.1*`k*1c|`
s1a&'e?'dz`h/1k("d!ak*'b/`i!"i:'2?'j:`
a!"e+'ky`dt`k*'r/'f*1k&"o/"c{`gu"r!1ky'
k*"e{"*"- r(1mt"o%'i/"d>"d%"j)"r%`ks"i:"
*'k!"dt`ey1d!ac*"h:a- r(1mt"o%'i/"l!`*`
j=1r31d>"8'o>'ow`nt12jz1iz'ax`hw"kw'd%`
e*'o/"d*"j|'d!am%"m*"g!"dw"|`c?1c*`- eu'
c?1lv`q>'hw"t1a!a*'f{1bu1f/`q0'.1d!ae{`
d%"ix"cs1e)"c!a*'pw1o/"k$'h!1pw1c+"d!a:"
i:1k*`l!'k%'ev'i:1k&'b:`d!ai/"- a!"pt"
ky`k}'b_"h%"b/'d!am0"c*"ky`a:"e*'?`c!a
cw1h:"k!"d*"~1~1o/"d}"d!as1l!"2gv1:1m01
s`s1l!"a&'e?'r3"mu1p{"q0"2dx'd*"gu1i:"
d!ai('g/"$1r/'j*1$1-
  i3'dt`cy"gu1o*`k{"e?'$"d!a2 #bjae nt1
j*'8"y1cw1c!ai(`k+"ky'|1nt1d/"iz"dt`-
h3"f(1ky'm0`nt1d('r$"j&1l%"k?"nv1k*1a('
d!anv1d>".1s1d%"m>`d>1k)'e:'k)'t1rw`d!a
='n}`i$`|"qv1t`- b/1c!aix`ky'a:'c|`nz1*'
l$'a!"e+'o0"i("b&`w"d!ae61$`d&"/"a:'7"2
?'8"r$",jy"a/"d%`|`=1r9"d!as1ey12rw1s`
k|"k*1k31k*"l!'e81k)'d!aa&"{"r$"*"2k+'
gx"a!"k!"k+1jy"r31d&"et`d!aq0'qv1bz1k&'-
  r/1r(1k&'~1i:"cy"*'k!"dw"d&"k}'k_'+"
d!abz1k&'k/"i:"2kw'k&'~1|1 #bjjj nt1lw'
qx"2i:"*'h3"av"d*"/`k&'jy`d!aa:1/"~1k*"
r/1r(1h:"gv1o%`r/"j|'- ks`a&`o?'c?1k81
a&`d!aqx".`+`iz'r/1r(1{j*1a&'d>"d3'i:"
o0"b&'k&'d!ab&`/"o hw"k+'i("+`r9"e4"ct"
r("ot"r$"r$1k$'ou`cw1e3`i/`d!a+`7"iz'
r31- f>'mu1|`m>`d>1k)'e:'k)'d/1f!"d!aj*'
i:1a&`a:1/"/"a&`k&"e.`f>'mu1d!ak)'~1-
hw"c.`k!"q0'az"q/`h/`a:'d!aa:'b:1e)"2ct1
f&1*'jt'c.`ow`j*'i:1my1k{"i:'|`ev'}"j*'
jt'*'ow`cs"i:1ev'my1e81iz'd!an/`c*"2*'}"
*'jt'd3'l!'dx'd*"i/"m/"*`a&"a:1|1h:"gv1
o%`r/"j|'*`h3"$1j~1k31r}1ky"t1ks"l!"bz1
d!a*'o/"qu"-
  e."*`ix"a!"e+'k*"r9"az"my1m>`d>1k)'e:'
k)'k|"o0"c!ak81j*`d!agu"ey"*`k*1bz1$1iz'
fw"c|`s1g!"mu1ky`dt`d!ajt1c*"-
          33333333333333333333

    8,For ,Your ,Information0
  r/1r(1i:"i/"j*'d&"/"2a/`{"qu'o/"|1m>`
d>1k)'e:'k)'d%`- r/1r(1d!af!"az'i:"o*1
h:ad}`:1kt'2:`d3`d>":1kt'2j+`s`a!ad>"t`
ky'- f>'mu1d!a*`o>'ru`bx12bz1r/1ey12ks"
e."}`e61d!a*`o>'*'."-
  {h:'c{"cw1~133 $1k*'ow`l!'o
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  99infrastructure n4 k*'b/`kt"i!"{k*1
r!1my1j:12o/"l!`i/"o
  99humpback whale n4 h3"f(1ky'
  99lemur n4 r/1r(1
  99botanical a4 a:1/"d!a
  99rehabilitation n4 lx'q/";r$'q/"{ou`
=1a:`+`r9"e4"ct"o
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 a case in point i:"j+"d!ac*"az"
  #b4 from far and wide cw1h:"k!"d*"/
e:"mt"o>'qx'
  ,Teachers from far and wide attended
the seminar on cultural education4
  cw1h:"k!"d*"d!ak{"i:'jv'k)'c!aa!"bx`=1
r9"k{"|"h3"fv1r$"-
  99seminar n4 t1f%`r$"
  #c4 next to nothing k*'r/'m01s`
  ,My grandmother knows next to nothing
about text messaging or sending emails4
  3`nw`nw`d$"b}1kt`e4"r3"k*"dt"h:`s1kt"
a!"c0"d!ai:"k*'r/'*'j{"o/"f&'-
  #d4 make one's way to+ d*"qx' jt1k?"
a:"m(`d*"2hw"m(`d*"cs1ey1
  ,H& ,M finally made its way to ,Taiwan
in #bjae4
  ,H& ,M h$"a&'|1 #bjae nt1k?"k4'fw1}'-
  #e4 catch a glimpse of''' p+'kt""""
  t`33 give sb a glimpse into''' i:`m(`
gu1*'l$'"""
  ,Did you catch a glimpse of the man
that stole your purse8
  n*`s`lv"kt"f('n*`jt1o%'d!an>"my1nv1h:`
m>ao
  ,Volunteering at the hospital gave me
a glimpse into the world of medicine4
  hw"*'~"dx'*"k&'gx"3`*'l$'*'c{1d!ai:"
k+"-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,Deforestation has left an irregular
row of a couple dozen #cj-meter-tall
trees along a dusty dirt track4
  a/"*"
  row n4 *'pw12*'c+"
  t`33*'d}"i:1kt'+ in a row ct1e|""""*'
d}"i:1kt'{|`i/"h:"oy"6"o
  o*`k{" for days/ weeks/ months/
years'''+ on end ct1e|""""i/"ft'/ i/"ey'
j*1/ i/"8"/ i/"nt1dz`{o/"|`i/"h:"oy"6"o
  ,The people sitting in the front row
are ,V,I,Ps4
  h3"hw"jt1pw1d!agu1d('i:"k$"o?'-
  ,For two days in a row1 we didn't have
to go to school because of the typhoon4
  3`mu1?'$"fw1qz':1*'ct1c.`ft'o/"6"ix"
e81-
  ,The weather has been wet and cold for
several days on end4
  s"i:'s"cz`d!aft'j*"*`ky'ct1e|"r%`k*`
ft'c!a-

  c*"k+"l%`f*1{l%`k/`f*1~1h:"c*"nt1l%`
f*1~1k|"oy"h3"o/"qu"iv'kt`o
  ,Our seats were in the last ---- of
the theater4 &#ajc nt1a:`l%`y
  7,A7 flow 7,B7 shadow
7,C7 bow 7,D7 row

  d>1v"33 ,D
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 adequate a4 h/1k("d!a;i:"dx"d!a
  qv`33 inadequate a4 o/"h/1d!a2o/"i:"
dx"d!a
  ,You need adequate sleep1 or else your
health will suffer4
  n*`e|'{"h/1k("d!ai$"mt12q(`h!1n*`d!a
kt"lx'r$"i("e=`-
  ,The parking facilities are inadequate
for such a busy shopping center4
  fy1b!'i!"i:'o/"h/1*`y"q/"a!"."*'k!"qv1
mx1d!ak("/"a&'e?'-
  #b4 avenue n4 d>"d%"
  ,Lovers stroll along this avenue at
all hours of the night4
  az`k!"}`ix"d('s`jy1c|`mu1mv"o/"hw"a!"
f{1d>"d%"ix"-
  #c4 irregular a4 o/"k$'h!1d!a;o/"k$'
c|"d!a
  ,Henry's irregular eating habits
resulted in a stomach ulcer4
  rz'c*"o/"k$'c|"d!a?`i:1e*1k}"d%`a:"$"
l$".1-
  99ulcer n4 l$".1
  #d4 inaugural a4 i(`j:"d!a2lw'i:`d!a;
ks"gu"d!a
  t`33 an inaugural address/ speech ks"
a:1t`i3'
  #e4 breed vi4 & vt4 qv1a:1;e:".`
7ev'fw"$133 breed1 bred1 bred47 & n4 p?`
a&`
  ,Some animals breed only at certain
times of the year4
  m(`e+'d&"/"a:`hw"*'nt1a&'m(`k!"f!"dy"
d!ai:1k+1jw1r$"qv1a:1-
  ,I know a man from ,Norway who breeds
champion show dogs4
  3`gu"i:"*'$"e:".`k}"k4'j~`d!an31$'gu1-
  ,My favorite breed of dog is the
,Chihuahua4
  3`h$"w"d!ak(`k(`p?`a&`i:"k*1919'-
  #f4 majestic a4 e61$`d!a;$'t1d!a
  ,We stood in awe before the majestic
,Westminster ,Abbey4
  3`mu1ky"$"d!aav"hw"e61$`d!ae*'m?`e:"
jt1-
  99stand in awe ky"$"d!aav"c*"
  #g4 phenomenal a4 k+1b/'d!a;s'es"d!a
  f&133 outstanding a4
  ,Ken has been a phenomenal success in
the world of business4
  >'lu`hw"ix'k+"d!abz1ks"q0'qv1-
  #h4 free-range a4 h:"s1qx".`d!a
  #i4 confiscated a4 o0"m<"i('d!a{=1a&'
$1k3"j|"qu'j:1h3"ey1g&1j:16"o
  t`33 confiscate vt4 m<"i('
  ,A large shipment of illegal
cigarettes was confiscated at the
airport4
  s`*'d>"p*'q0'q>`e.'t'hw"k*'bx`h%'m<"
i('-
  99shipment n4 4"e&";a_'4"
  #aj4 tenacity n4 o/"j|'o/"n%1

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#f 8" #ac g:" 8"d/1{j!"t"o

        ,This ,Tutu is ,Too ,Much6
        b}'a31qu`r&1o>'c0`/`j41d!anv1gu1
  8dance to'''0 d!a6"q>`

  by ,Bruce ,E4 ,Bagnell
  ,Love has no bounds88 not even a man
dressed in a tutu4
  w"m01s`k+"et""1ks"ct1*'$"b}'a31o>'c01
/`j41d!anv1h:`d('o/"i("et"-

  ,In ,Walt ,Disney's classic full-
length cartoon movie ,Fantasia 7#aidj71
one of many unforgettable scenes is a
herd of female hippos wearing only tutus
dancing gracefully to a ballet4 ,One
might be forgiven for thinking of ,Bob
,Carey in his equally unforgettable
photos4 ,Carey is a heavy1 muscular1 and
hairy man4 ,He looks as though he is a
wrestler4 ,So when he dons a tutu1 you
just have to wonder4
  ,Cross-dressing is not his purpose4
,Instead1 he hatched the idea of wearing
a tutu--and nothing else--in order to
make his wife1 ,Linda1 laugh4 ,She was
diagnosed with breast cancer in #bjjc1
and the treatments for any cancer are no
fun at all4 ,On top of that is the worry
of having a disease that often ends in
early death4 ,To help alleviate her
physical and emotional pain1 ,Bob chose
something so unusual that anyone would
laugh seeing his photos4 ,In this1 he
was highly successful4
  ,Linda took ,Bob's pictures with her
to her treatments to share with others4
,They roared4 ,Bob soon traveled around
the world accompanied by his trademark
pink tutu--the billowing skirt worn by
ballerinas--for his photo shoots4 ,After
all1 he is a professional photographer
and knows something about taking
successful pictures4 ,Bob can be seen in
his trademark outfit in places like
,Times ,Square1 the ,Grand ,Canyon1 de
partment stores1 subway stations1 and
beaches4
  ,The ,Careys started their non-profit
the ,Carey ,Foundation to help patients
with breast cancer4 ,Check it out and
maybe buy a pink tutu from their foun
dation4 ,They say1 8,Laughter is the
best medicine10 and one look at ,Bob's
photographs will make you laugh and feel
better right away4

  #a4 ,What is the main purpose of this
article8
  7,A7 ,To ask for funds for the ,Carey
,Foundation4
  7,B7 ,To tell the story of the love of
a man for his wife4
  7,C7 ,To inform the public of the
dangers of breast cancer4
  7,D7 ,To encourage men to take up
ballet4
  #b4 ,Why was the movie ,Fantasia
chosen to introduce this article8
  7,A7 ,To point out the fact that
hippos can also get breast cancer4
  7,B7 ,To explain why ,Bob ,Carey chose
a tutu to make others laugh4
  7,C7 ,To make a comparison between
comical ballerina hippos and ,Bob
,Carey4
  7,D7 ,To explain how the ,Disney movie
,Fantasia became a classic4
  #c4 ,According to the article1 why was
,Bob ,Carey successful8
  7,A7 ,He became a famous photographer
after he wore a tutu4
  7,B7 ,He made enough money by taking
pictures to start a foundation4
  7,C7 ,He helped make the movie
,Fantasia a classic movie4
  7,D7 ,He helped others laugh when they
needed it most4
  #d4 ,Which of the following statements
about the ,Carey ,Foundation is true8
  7,A7 ,It was founded in the same year
as ,Fantasia was made4
  7,B7 ,It makes enough money for ,Bob
,Carey to travel around the world4
  7,C7 ,It gives support to sufferers of
breast cancer4
  7,D7 ,It sells medicine that helps to
cure breast cancer4
          33333333333333333333

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          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  99tutu n4 o>'c0`/`j41
  99scene n4 {dt"y`o bx`ky`
  99herd n4 b/"j41;*'j41
  99hippo n4 r!1m>`{i:" hippopotamus d!a
e3'e+`o
  99muscular a4 k*'g("q>'d>1d!a;kt"a_"
d!a
  99wrestler n4 i7'k{`i(`
  99don vt4 b}'a31;p*'ix"
  99cross-dress vi4 b}'*"ey"q/1a_'
  99hatch vt4 j!"r9";q/'r9"
  99roar vi4 l_1e{";d>"r(`
  99billowing a4 k/`j*`d!a
  99ballerina n4 n|`o>'c0`/`a!`
  99non-profit a4 q0'y1c*"d!a
  99comical a4 r91k*'d!a2r$'e+1d!a
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
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  ,Remember to exercise on a regular
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tonight4
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s`dw"kw`k?"-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,In ,Walt ,Disney's classic full-
length cartoon movie ,Fantasia 7#aidj71
one of many unforgettable scenes is a
herd of female hippos wearing only tutus
dancing gracefully to a ballet4
  a/"*"
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8"o
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/`
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  ,What kind of music do you like to
dance to8
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beat4
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  ,I would like to dance with that
pretty girl4
  3`e.`ku'n>"$"p{"c."n|`rw1f{"/`-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
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d!a
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bx`bx`o%"mv`-
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the ice before jumping in the air4
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infectious disease and had to be
quarantined4
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f*`ix"d!a
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physical fitness but also mental health4
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e?'c*`kt"lx'-
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  99morphine n4 m>aq0'
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  t`33 emotionally adv4 jy1e|"ix"d!a;jy1
e|"r9"d!a
  ,Alice depends on her friends and
family for emotional support4
  w"c*"e:'*'l%"k)'gu1r!1pz1s`k0`f>'jy1
kv`ix"d!aa:'b:1-
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drained from the stress in her life4
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ot'*'dy"r$"s`o%`o{'p01f&1-
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homeless shelters with generous
donations4
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s1m?1i('g&1e3`-
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  #ac4 comparison n4 o*`k{"
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dy"k|"a&'o
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science are beyond comparison4
  w"?'e:'fv`hw"l!'e81ix"d!abz1ks"/1gu1
l!`o*`-
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really compare to talking to someone
face to face4
  r!1o+1gu1hw"_`c/"ix"c{1ft'i:1hw"o*`o/"
ix"|`gu1mt"d$"mt"k{'fv1-

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#f 8" #ad g:"l!"c("i:"qv'*"

  8a smooch/ kiss on the+ iu'f*`o/"$"0
d!a6"q>`

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bz1et"2jy`c*"6"ix"e)"=1et"e3`{g/1dv'h:",
pt"|`dz`o k.'j*1*"bz1az"j8",f&'i=",d>1*"
j+`jt1r("ct1k}"d!ay'=1-
  ,Kissing is one of humanity's most
commonly misunderstood acts4 ,This
common action can cause some major
embarrassment if done incorrectly1
especially when people from different
cultures greet each other4
  #a4 a!"i:"?'$"j?'=`av`et"b/'d!aky"*"
r3"jy1kv`bz1d/"r$"e$1a!a=1r9":1s`e3`o/"
f&1-
  ,A social kiss is usually given to
friends and family members1 and it has
many variations4 ,Many adults give a
smooch to loved ones1 but depending on
culture or family1 it can be on the lips
or on the cheek4
  #b4 hw"m(`e+'=1r9"a&'2ct`k)1ix"d!a*'=`
o0"gu"$1i:"*'a&`s`iv"d!a="r("qx'i:"2iu"
a:"b/'j:"kt"mt"d!agu1+`r$"o*`j:`j?'=`d$"
qx'-
  ,A ceremonial kiss is more reserved
and popular in ,European countries4
,When leaders of countries or other
higher-ups meet1 they typically give a
quick peck on both cheeks4 ,This kiss
symbolizes the goodwill between the two
parties represented by the leaders4 ,And
finall y1 a kiss can be the ultimate
declaration of romance4

  #a4 d*"*'k|"l!`*"$133
  ,This is because the degree of respect
or emotion that kissing displays varies
from culture to culture4
  qv'*"{"dt`33
  a4 degree n4 bz1d/"2dz`k*1;e81$";d/"
  f&133 extent n4
  ,To what degree/ extent do you love
me1 honey8
  j?'w"d!a2n*`w"3`d%"i!1m!abz1d/"o
  b4 vary from ,A to ,B j&1 ,A d%" ,B
k!"*"
  ,The designer's taste in clothes
varies from extremely sloppy to
extremely formal4
  kw'i!"k*"i:'d!aq/1a_'p?`$"j&1k*1d/"c>1
f>"d%"q0'bx1az"i:"d('s`-
  99sloppy a4 c>1f>"d!a
  c4 ou`k|"*"l!`*"$133 ,This is because
the level of respect or emotion shown by
kissing is different in various
cultures4
  #b4 d*":"k|"l!`*"$133
  ,In some cultures1 a kiss on the cheek
is regarded as a friendly greeting and
even those meeting each other for the
first time will kiss each other4
  qv'*"{"dt`33
  a4 be regarded as ,N/ ,Adj4 o0"gu"$1
{i:"o"""
  ,Harvard is regarded as one of the
most highly prestigious universities in
the world4
  r>'q<1d>"e81o0"k&'gu"$1i:"ix"h$"k|"$'
_"d!ad>"e81a:'*'-
  b4 greeting n4 ="r(";a:"*"
  t`33 greet vt4 ="r("2y1k+'2a%'r/'
  ,When you meet the king1 you must give
the proper greeting4
  r!1k31_1r$"mt"i:12n*`o*"e|'*`d!1f*`d!a
qx'i:"="r("f>'-
  ,It is conventional for ,Japanese
people to bow when greeting each other4
  k|1k&'ey1c*`i:"g:"ou`gu1r/"e.'d>`a%'
r/'d!ab}1f&`-
  c4 ou`k|"*"l!`*"$133 ,A kiss on the
cheek is seen as a friendly greeting in
some cultures1 even between those who
meet for the first time4
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  99ceremonial a4 c*`*1d!a2*1i:"d!a &
n4 dt`c*`2*1i:"
  99higher-up n4 {k*'k("a&'d!ao k%'jz1
gu1/"
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  depend on''' j|`k81|1"""2i:"""":1dy"
  f&133 be dependent on'''
  ,Whether you succeed or not depends on
your attitude as well as your effort4
  n*`i:"q(`r$"bz1k&'d}'lv"n*`d!afw"d/"*`
k*1n*`e3`q/"b/'d!an/`c*"-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,Many adults give a smooch to loved
ones1 but depending on culture or
family1 it can be on the lips or on the
cheek4
  a/"*"
  a smooch/ kiss on the+ iu'f*`o/"$" hw"
m(`iu'f*`o/"$"ix"d!a*'=`
  smooch n4 =` & vi4 {f{"/`i:1o 6`o%"k+'
=`
  kiss n4 & vt4 & vi4 =`2k+'=`
  t`33 kiss sb on the+ iu'f*`o/"$" =`hw"
m(`gu1d!a"""o/"$"
  strike/ hit/ beat sb on/ in the+ iu'
f*`o/"$" d>`m(`gu1d!a"""o/"$"
  take/ grab/ seize sb by the+ iu'f*`o/"
$" a9'm(`gu1d!a"""o/"$"
  ,Alan walked me to my front door and
then gave me a smooch/ kiss on the
cheek4
  )`c=1p013`h(`d%"3`k)'mu1l(`2gv1r("hw"
3`ct`k)1ix"j?'c!a*'e)"-
  ,Peter put me on the spot by asking me
to kiss him on the lips in public4
  o*`d!1{"3`hw"d>"fy1k_`a&"e)"j?'=`f>'
d!ah$`b=12gx"3`dx'bx`b/'js`-
  99put sb on the spot gx"m(`gu1b/'js`/
e)"o/"c{`fw1
  ,The ball struck me on the forehead4
  n>"l!'js1h>1d%"3`d!a!1f(1-
  ,The gangster hit an old woman in the
head and then ran away4
  kw'cs1mx1d>`c!a*'my1c%`q/"gu1d!af(1r("
ks"p%`d{"c!a-
  ,The clerk grabbed the thief by the
legs1 pinned him down1 and said1
8,You're going straight to the police40
  kw'dt"~1a9'a/"e{`f('d!ai_'f$`i:`f>'/1
q>`d&"fv12oy"i3'3388n*`k.'r$"o0"e&"d%"
ky`b>1k|1-00
  99pin sb down v"a/"/ )'a/"{m(`gu1o;i:`
o/"nz1d&"
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 embarrassment n4 kv'k>"2l="k6`
  t`33 save oneself some embarrassment
gx"h:"k*`o/"r$"kv`d%"kv'k>"
  ,I saved myself some embarrassment
when ,I noticed that my zipper was down
before ,I went out4
  3`b/'mu1jt1q>'et"c>'ct"m01c>'2gx"h:"
k*`mt`j|"c!akv'k>"d!ai:1l!"-
  #b4 variation n4 ot"r9";ot"d&"{bx1|`
k+"j:1 in oy"6"o
  ,The barometer measured slight
variations in pressure4
  j*")'k*"j!"c.1d%"c!ad>"j*")'c*"d!ae+'
$1ot"r9"-
  99barometer n4 j*")'k*"
  ,Even the slightest variation in oil
prices will have an impact on stock
markets4
  s1k)"d!aot"d&"ks"e}"hw"jy'$1d('r$"d$"
k/`i:"s`e3`y`e.`-
  #c4 reserved a4 rv1e|"d!a;n0"ct"d!a
  ,My first impression of ,Penny is that
she is a shy and reserved girl4
  3`d$"pv'n*1d!ad*"*'?"e."i:"f>'i:"k!"
rw"es's"rv1e|"d!an|`rw1-
  #d4 peck n4 j&'j&'d!ajy'=`;{n{`c0"d!ao
a31 & vt4 & vi4 j&'j&'d!ajy'=`m(`gu1d!a
ct`k)1;a312a31i:1
  t`33 peck sb on the cheek/ forehead
j&'j&'d!ajy'=`m(`gu1d!act`k)1/ !1f(1
  ,The mother always gives her baby a
quick peck on the cheek before going to
sleep4
  a!"$"m>'m>'i$"jt1h&`i:"r$"k0`f>'d!arw1
h:a*'=`-
  ,Amy pecked her father on the cheek
before getting out of the car4
  w"m*'e)"b!'jt1hw"o>"o>"d!act`k)1ix"j?'
c!a*'e)"-
  #e4 symbolize vt4 e."az'
  t`33 symbolic a4 e."az'd!a
  be symbolic of''' e."az'"""
  ,Eggs symbolize new life and are often
used when celebrating ,Easter4
  k*'dv"e."az'e?'iz'2:1j+`bx1o0"6"cw1jy"
a/"q/"r31k+1-
  ,Going from long to short hair is
symbolic of a woman's need for change4
  o>`bx1q>`kt`d}`i:"*'my1n|`gu1e.`h3"e+'
kw`ot"d!ae."az'-
  #f4 goodwill n4 iv"*"
  ,The ambassador will visit that
country as a token of goodwill4
  kw'd>"i:`k.'ow"qx`a!"k!"k31k)'*`o{`j?'
iv"a:'*"-
  99ambassador n4 d>"i:`
  as a token of''' e."az'/ dw"o{`"""
  .k as a symbol of'''
  #g4 ultimate a4 a&'k*1d!a2h$"a&'d!a
  t`33 ultimately adv4 h$"r("d!a2h$"a&'
d!a
  ,The maintenance of friendly relations
with all nations is the newly elected
president's ultimate goal4
  r!1e3`s`d!ak31k)'$1b:1s`r%`k}'e*"i:"
e?'ix"gu"h&`f&`d!ah$"a&'m/"o{'-
  ,Rachel was confident that she would
ultimately triumph over adversity4
  g$"js's`e?"e?'h$"a&'nz1k("av"iz"n*"
ky"-
  99triumph over''' av"iz""""
  adversity n4 n*"ky"
  #h4 declaration n4 e~'t12e~'k%";iz'my1
  t`33 make a declaration of''' h3""""
k%"ow1
  ,The party whip read the declaration
to the press4
  kw'az"dx`d!adx`ot'd$"m01f*`q>'o{`iz'
my1-
  99whip n4 {m(`az"dx`d!ao dx`ot';ot'h:`
  ,The literary giant made a declaration
of love for his fianc8 e4
  a!"$"=1r%1d$"f>'d!a$"r='j*'h3"c!a*'qv'
w"d!ak%"ow1-
  #i4 romance n4 ct"jy1;cx"mv"{j*"qu'o
  ,The celebrity wanted to keep her
romance a secret from the public4
  kw'my1cs1jz1e.`d$"i!"r$"d>"a&"?`mv1f>'
d!act"jy1-
          33333333333333333333

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qx'i:"2iu"a:"b/'j:"kt"mt"d!agu1+`r$"o*`
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  #a4 a!"q/"k?"d!akt"a/1j&1b(`c("o/"lv'
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  #b4 n>"$"k!'i(`o0"i:"$1fw1}'h$"i("r}'
y1d!a*"gu1a:'*'-
  7f*1i:"336" be regarded as'''7
  #c4 a!"fx1l!"d!abz1k*'j|`k81|1b/'e*1
c|"|`l!"fx1d!ajv'|"-
  7f*1i:"336" depend on'''7

  jv'l%`*"k|"
  #a4 ,The buildings around here vary
from ugly to extraordinarily beautiful4
  #b4 ,The singer is regarded as one of
the most popular entertainers in
,Taiwan4
  #c4 ,Grades in the class depend on
attendance and class participation4

  {k_`o<'c%`i:'d!ao/`b&'k{"jw1i('c/"|1
r/"d&"k{"e81k_'d+1n0"2r3"jy`ix"bx1b='fz1
_`c/"i/'bz1d!amt`q0"k_`o<'b>1e41o

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#f 8" #ae g:" e?'=1y'|`

        ,The ,Dangers of ,Investigation
in the ,Quest for ,Truth
        m%"my"a$'e41au'e."d!aav"d*"k*"
a!`

  ,In an annual report published by
,Reporters ,Without ,Borders 7,,RWB or
,,RSF7 in ,December #bjae1 it was
revealed that #fg journalists died in
connection with their work1 while #dc
were killed for unknown reasons4 ,For
the #fg deaths1 they were either
specifically targeted or were killed
while reporting4 ,It has been almost
impossible to clearly establish the
motives behind the deaths of the other
#dc journalists4 ,The report disclosed
that the alarming number of deaths is
due to calculated violence by 8non-state
groups10 such as the ,Islamic ,State1
and the lack of protection given to
media personnel4 ,In fact1 most of the
deaths occurred in stable countries in
comparison to #bjad's war zones4 ,The
,Committee to ,Protect ,Journalists
7,,CPJ7 said that the actual number of
murders was #fi1 as ,,RSF did not
include the two journalists who were
shot and killed during a live broadcast
by a former co-worker in ,Virginia4
  ,France was ranked third in the list
of deadliest countries for journalists
in #bjae1 following ,Syria and ,Iraq1
due to the targeted attack on the
offices of ,Charlie ,Hebdo in ,January
last year4 ,,RSF said about the ,Charlie
,Hebdo attacks1 8,Charlie ,Hebdo's
journalists and employees have been
living under close protection ever
since4 ,Some of them still have to keep
changing their place of residence40
  ,While ,,RSF's report said that
jihadists committed a number of the
killings1 ,,CPJ pointed out that
journalists were targeted because of
their coverage on human rights1
corruption1 and crime1 not because of
their reporting on politics or in war
zones4 ,Therefore1 while many died in
the ,Middle ,East1 others were killed in
,Brazil and ,Mexico for exposing
sensitive topics4

  #a4 ,What is something that ,,RSF and
,,CPJ disagree on8
  7,A7 ,The mystery behind why #dc
journalists died4
  7,B7 ,The number of journalists killed
in the line of duty4
  7,C7 ,The violence committed by
journalists in war zones4
  7,D7 ,The number of crimes that are
claimed by the ,Islamic ,State4
  #b4 ,What is ,France's rank on the
,,RSF list attributed to8
  7,A7 ,The ,November ,Paris attacks4
  7,B7 ,The ,Islamic ,State's alliance
with ,France4
  7,C7 ,The terrible assault on ,Charlie
,Hebdo's offices4
  7,D7 ,The protection of ,Charlie
,Hebdo's journalists4
  #c4 ,According to ,,CPJ1 which of the
following is ,,NOT a reason that
journalists are targeted for8
  7,A7 ,Reporting on corruption charges4
  7,B7 ,Covering human rights issues4
  7,C7 ,Investigating crime4
  7,D7 ,Exposing extramarital affairs4
          33333333333333333333

  #bjae nt1i:1:"8"2hw"*'qu"s1/1k31k+"k*"
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j*'my1k*"a!`?'f>'mu1d!ak&'h3":1ex"my"2
cy"s`e:"i:1ev'my1k*"a!`?'o/"my1~1?'h%'
d%"i>'rw"- ks"a!"cs"i:1j*'my1k*"a!`:1t12
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a:'oy"m01s`o>`hw"$1k*1n*1)`a('et"bx`a}`
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iz'r31hw"t1m*"d!ao%`r/"e)"- dx'a&'s`e+'
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av"j|'- ?'j:`2e$'gv1s`e|`d3'k*"a!`i:"hw"
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r9"f*1:1iu'_1-

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r/"k*"a!`$`~1r$"*"kt"qu'j*1a:'b/"o
  7,A7 e:"i:1ev'my1k*"a!`$"r!1iu'_1d!a
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c."-
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7,,CPJ7 a:`b/'2i:1k*"h%'d%"m(1i>'d!agu1
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a:'oy"m01s`o>`hw"$1k*1n*1)`a('et"bx`a}`
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  7,A7 i:1*'8"d!ao>'c*1k&'k*1i:"kt"-
  7,B7 *'e:'cv1k31|`q>"k31d!ak+1mz1-
  7,C7 cy"gu1au"ky'd!a{b>1c*`a('lv'o ov"
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  7,D7 d$"{b>1c*`a('lv'o k*"a!`d!ao%`
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  d>1v"33
  #a4 ,B #b4 ,C #c4 ,D
          33333333333333333333

    8,For ,Your ,Information0
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i:"ky'k3"j*1k31k)'/`a_'o/"d$"a=`e|`ov"
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k+'jv'k)'av"d("ey1d&"2dv"g3"o0"d$"qx'q/1
r3"2+`k.'bz1$1av"q/1-
  {h:'c{"cw1~133$1k*'ow`l!'o
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  99non-state a4 q0'az"q/`d!a;q0'k31k)'
d!a
  99a live broadcast et"bx`a}`o<"
  broadcast n4 & vt4 k_`o<'2o<"qx"
  99jihadist n4 iz"av"i:"
  t`33 jihad n4 {*'e:'cv1k{"d!ao iz"av"
  99extramarital a4 r='7"{ey"k}'e*"o d!a
  t`33 marital a4 r='?'d!a
  marital status r='?'a_"l_"
  premarital a4 r='jt1d!a
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 in connection with''' |`"""s`k}'
  ,The candidate is being held in police
custody in connection with the bribe4
  kw'r("e~`gu1?'$"|`a!"kt"r$"c/"v"s`k}'
ct1:1h%'ky`b>1k|'k?"-
  #b4 be ranked+ my1j:" my1c+""""
  t`33 be ranked as''' o0"c+"dz`$1"""2
o0"py1dy"$1"""
  ,The cartoon was ranked fourth in ,,TV
,Guide's list of the best cartoons of
all time4
  a!"o/"l>`f&'hw"{dt"i:"a:`nv1o e3`d{"
b>1s`i:`*`cw1h$"ox"d!al>`f&'pw1rx1ox`a&'
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the entire world4
  n>"$"k%'js1e~`i(`my1c+"j~1js1d*"*'-
  #c4 be attributed to ,N/ ,V-ing k$'?'
|1"""
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attributed to her poor diet4
  n>"oy"gu1m0`l_"|"e)"d!akt"lx'a_"l_"l!`
k$'ks"|1f>'d!ao/"c.1?`i:1e*1k}"-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 quest n4 {bx1j*1j+`kt'l="d!ao e41
js1;{$"bz1ks"kt'nv1m/"o{'e3`h3"d!ao bx1
i:"
  t`33 in quest of''' e('e41"""
  .k in search of'''
  ,My quest for the truth led to an
unexpected answer4
  hw"3`e41a%`au'e."d!ak3"bz1a&'ky"b/'et"
c!a*'k!"cy"gu1*"e.`o/"d%"d!ad>1v"-
  ,Those miners journeyed to ,Jiufen in
quest of gold4
  n>"e+'l_"k&'bx1f/1o>1i!"d%"ks`qu"f%1
k?'-
  #b4 journalist n4 e?'=1k*"a!`
  ,A ,Somali journalist working for the
country's state-run broadcaster was
killed in a car-bombing4
  *'$"f*"e3`m>`c*")`k31y1k_`o<'k&'e:'k&'
h3"d!ae?'=1k*"a!`hw"*'bx`j*"b!'o%"a>"i:"
kt"a&'h%'d%"i>'rw"-
  99state-run a4 k31y1d!a
  #c4 target vt4 *`"""$1m/"o{' & n4
m/"o{'
  ,The detective targeted his
investigation at the known thieves in
the area4
  ky`fv"k.'f>'d!ad{"b>1e3`dy"hw"a!"j|'
d!ak}"j+"ix"-
  #d4 disclose vt4 f("c/"2k+'q>'
  ,When selling your home1 there are
certain items you need to disclose to
potential buyers4
  dx'n*`{"mw"qx1h:ad!ai:1r("2m(`e+'i:"
e."i:"n*`e|'{"e."jt1hw"mw`k)'f("c/"d!a-
  #e4 calculated a4 e|"*"d!a;ky'e?'j!"
r9"d!a
  t`33 calculating a4 s`e}"k*"d!a2k&'|1
e?'k*"d!a
  ,The tragedy was a calculated crime
with absolutely no justification4
  a!"a_'o0'k|"i:"e|"*"j!"r9"d!ah$"ey1j+`
r%1/1az"dx'c*`s1-
  99justification n4 az"dx'd!ac*`s1
  ,Jimmy is the most calculating and
selfish person in the office4
  k*1m*`i:"ov"k&'i:"n0"h$"s`e?'k*'s"h$"
h:"e:'d!agu1-
  #f4 personnel n4 gu1~1{k*1r!1my1j:12
o/"l!`i/"o; gu1i:"o/" 7.k human
resources7
  ,All personnel are required to wear
badges at work4
  e3`s`~1k&'ix"ov'i:1*'c|"p0"dw"az"kt"-
  99badge n4 az"kt"2az"ax';r$'ax'
  ,The personnel department is
responsible for recruiting and training
new employees4
  gu1i:"o/"mu1q/"h!1a%'m/"r!1e4"ct"e?'
k?"~1k&'-
  #g4 committee n4 $`~1r$"
  #h4 coverage n4 o%"d%`
  ,On election night1 the broadcaster
will provide wall-to-wall coverage of
nationwide developments4
  e~`k|`a:'+"i:12a!"kt'k_`o<'k&'e:'k.'
r$"f*1k&'j~1k31ey"q>'av`d!act1e|"o%"d%`-
  99wall-to-wall ct1e|"d!a2/1e3`o/"hw"
d!a
  #i4 corruption n4 fv'/'
  ,The president called for citizens to
fight together against organized crime
and corruption4
  kw'h&`f&`r/'|"k31m?1y'f}1k+1d>`k*1h/`
a:'qv"h$"|`fv'/'-
  #aj4 claim vt4 e~'bz'2iz'my1;d31h(`
{gu1my"o
  ,The scientist claims that he has
discovered a cure for cancer4
  n>"$"l!'e81k)'e~'bz'f>'*`t1ks"b/'a:"
c{1t1az"d!aqx'q>`-
  #aa4 alliance n4 k+1mz1
  t`33 in alliance with''' |`"""k+1mz1
  ,We should fight in alliance with
other countries against terrorism4
  3`mu1y'kw'r!1j*1f>'k31k)'oy"kt'h3"av"
cw1d$"lx"l&`o/"a/`*"-
  #ab4 assault n4 & vt4 e*1k*12k&'k*1
  ,There's no denying that sexual
assault on college campuses is a huge
issue4
  o/"l!`q(`gu"2ey"j?'rw"hw"d>"e81e{"~1
i:"k!"ru`d>"d!a*"f*1-
  #ac4 charge n4 l&"k%"
  ,Eric would be willing to drop the
charges if you agreed to apologize in
person4
  g/1k3`n*`f&1*"j?'h:"d%"jt"2w"g$"l!"ks"
~"*"b!"e{'d$"n*`d!al&"k%"-
  99drop the charge b!"e{'{d$""""d!ao
l&"e/"

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#f 8" #af g:" k+`e*'=1q>`

        d*"e:"ax' d&"a_"j:1
      d*"*'k+1 o/"dy"j:1

  #h4 qv1k|"a&'a/`j:1$1e|'a/`j:1 ,It1a:'
r("k+'dv'*'d!ad&"j:12r3"k*1/"d&"j:1d!a
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h:`k|"i:12k|"k("l!`k)'*`kw`ot"2:1k.'
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  that he is good4
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  #a7 i:1fw"e.'f&1i:12 to a:'r("k)'~1ey1
d&"j:1-
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  i:1fw"e.'f&1
  .k ,He seems to work hard4
  dv'i/"d&"j:1
  f>'e:"r/'ru`n/`c*"-
  ,It appears that they are nice4
  i:1fw"e.'f&1
  .k ,They appear to be nice4
  q/"i/"d&"j:1
  f>'mu1e:"r/'gu1ru`r%`-
  ,It was said that he loved music very
much4
  i:1fw"e.'f&1
  .k ,He was said to love music very
much4
  dv'i/"d&"j:1
  k|"i3'*`jt1f>'ru`e*`r}'?'8"-
  ,It is said they love music very much4
  i:1fw"e.'f&1
  .k ,They are said to love music very
much4
  q/"i/"d&"j:1
  k|"i3'f>'mu1ru`e*`r}'?'8"-
  #b7 i:1fw"o/"f&1i:12 to a:'r("k)'
8have {jz1ky',
  *`ky'o+ k3"j|"qu'j:104
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  i:1fw"o/"f&1
  .k ,He seems to have worked hard4
  f>'e:"r/'jz1ky'n/`c*"k3"-
  ,It is said that he was a thug in the
past4
  i:1fw"o/"f&1
  .k ,He is said to have been a thug in
the past4
  k|"i3'f>'*`jt1i:"cs1mx1-
  #c7 j:`c0"k|"ey1qu'e*'g/1e)"33
  ,He seems to work hard4
  a/`j:1 o/"}1j~1 vi4 o/"dy"j:1pt"|`2h3"
a/`j:1o/`|`
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  a/`j:1 o/"}1j~1 vt4 d!ao0"d&"|`fw"
  to be nice4
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i:12 to be l!`|`*`iz`c8"
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h3"i("j:1- dv"*"l!`h3"o/"}1j~1o/"k*1/"
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r("6" 8to be+ ,N/ ,Adj40 h3"a/`j:1o/`|`-
  a4 prove h3"k*1/"d&"j:12o{`88az"
my10033
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  }1j~1 vt4 my1j:1h3"i("j:1
  d{"b>1az"my1c!af>'d!ah$"ey1-
  ,The investigation proved that he was
guilty4
  }1j~1 vt4 my1j:1h:`k|"h3"i("j:1
  d{"b>1az"my1c!af>'s`h$"-

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#f 8" #ag g:" 8"d/1{j!"t"o

        ,Martial ,Music and ,The ,Royal
,Edinburgh ,Military ,Tattoo
        au"rv"gu1e?'d!ak4'8"p{'.1
  8music0 d!a6"q>`

  by ,Bruce ,E4 ,Bagnell
  ,There's something about a military
band that makes you want to march4
  gx"n*`+`e.`ku'a!a*'j*`s1ey1d!ak4'8"d$"
:"ev'i:"-

  ,Martial music or military music is
simply music employed for military
purposes1 including intimidating the ene
my1 encouraging one's troops1 and
assisting in organizing and timing
warfare actions4 ,Percussion1 especially
the drum1 triangles1 and cymbals1 and
horns like the bugle and trumpet have
been the most commonly used instruments4
,Bagpipes1 flutes1 and even conch shells
have also been used4
  ,The history of martial music is long
indeed4 ,Chinese troops used drums as
early as #fhd ,,BC4 ,The ,Ottoman
,Empire1 centered in ,Turkey1 used
drums1 trumpets1 and bells in their
military campaigns from the #adth
century onwards4 ,Bagpipes were first
used in #acif in ,Scotland and in
,Ireland in #aehf4 ,Army and naval
marching bands have been a feature of
,European warfare from the #agth century
and continue to day4
  ,Now we come to a term related to
marching bands that is confusing to
many4 ,Sometimes the same ,English word
has different meanings1 even with the
same spelling and pronunciation4 ,A good
example of this is 8tattoo40 ,Perhaps
the more familiar meaning can be seen
all around us3 many young people these
days sport tattoos1 pictures1 or designs
inserted into the skin with a needle and
dyes4 ,This word came into ,English from
a ,Polynesian language1 that is1 one
originating on the islands of the ,South
,Pacific ,Ocean4 ,Another 8tattoo0 also
entered ,English1 but this time from
,Dutch1 the language of ,Holland and
large areas of ,Belgium4 ,In this
language1 8tattoo0 comes from the
phrase1 8,Doe den tap toe10 meaning
8close the tap10 referring to the device
which opens and closes beer kegs4
,Drummers were sent out from military
garrisons to inform soldiers to return
from their visits to local beer-serving
inns4 ,Shortened to 8tap toe10 where
8toe0 is pronounced like the ,English
word 8too10 this phrase became 8tattoo0
in ,English1 referring to a military
performance of music4 ,Many countries
have or have had military tattoos1 but
the greatest that can be seen nowadays
is certainly ,The ,Royal ,Edinburgh
,Military ,Tattoo4
          33333333333333333333

  k4'8"r3"k4'k!'i:"b=1j$"6"|1k4'i:"m/"
d*"d!a?'8"2o%'k9'$'r!"d*1k4',k/`/`k4'd$"
k*1e+1a/"h/`a:'|`v'pw1h3"av"ey1d&"- d>`
k*18"j*"2f!"o+1i:"k/`,ev'k{`f+`r!1n%1
o>12*`k*1e."i:"k4'r%"r!1e{`r%"d!ak}`8"
j*"*'a:1*`cw1d('i:"h$"bx1o0"i:`6"d!a8"
j*"- qz'd*1,bx1d*12iu"a:"i:"rw`c31l!1+`
r$"o0"i:`6"-
  k4'8"d!ac*"i:`e.'dx's'ks`- a&'k31k4'
d$"h%`hw"e*'~1jt1 #fhd nt1ks"i:`6"k/`
c!a- a&'e?'$"|1f/`:`j*1d!a!"f/1mv"d*"k31
h:"i:1e:"i:"k*"lw'i:`ot"hw"f>'mu1d!ak4'
i:"ey1d&"a&'i:`6"k/`,e{`r%"r!1a&'- e/'
k!1cv1|1 #acif nt1i(`d/"i:`6"qz'd*12w":`
cv1h!1i:"|1 #aehf nt1- c/"k4'k*1rw`k4's1
ey18"d$"j&1i:1j*'i:"k*"*`cw1ks"*'a:1i:"
('a('k4'i:"h3"av"d!a*'e."f!"e!"2j+`*'a:1
b:1e|"a:"k?'g:"-
  et"hw"3`mu1{"f*1d%"*'k!"|`s1ey18"d$"s`
k}',j8"cy"e|`d3'gu1l="r3"d!aa}'mu1my1
j:1- s`i:1r("f&1*'k!"y'=1dv'h:"r$"s`o/"
f&1d!a*"e:'2k*1i:`p?'q>`|`q>'?'}1j~1*'
."- tattoo ks"i:"*'k!"ru`r%`d!ac*"h:a-
r3"e|`kw'h:"k{"$1gu1i(1e*'d!a*"e:'hw"3`
mu1e:"a('d('lv"d!ad%"33et"k?'e|`d3'nt1
jy'gu1r$"e~"{"j:"jy'2k*1*`au'f(1r!1gv`
c{"j:"hw"p*1q/'ix"d!af/1pt"r3"i!"k*"f/1
v"- a!"k!"my1j:1i:"s1o<'c*"n*1e*')`|`a}`
ot"$1y'=1d!a2r}"t1a:'2f>'i:"~1h:"|1nv1
fw"py1.1d%`|`d!ah:"j:1- cy"7"*'k!"
tattoo +`i:"r("cw1jw1a}`ot"$1y'=1d!a2dv"
a!"j:"i:"cw1h:"r!1cv1|`2r!1cv1|`i:"r!1
cv1|`o*`c*"i:1d>"o/"qu"d*"j|'e3`i3'd!a|`
t1- hw"kw'|`t1c*`2 tattoo *'j:1i:"s1*'
k!"pt"|`33 ,Doe den tap toe :1cw1d!a2*"
k*188k}'d{"i$`c&1f(1002a:`d!ai:"nz1k("
lw'k}'p*1ks`f&`d!aa_'a:"- k/`i(`r$"j&1
k4'd$"a/"a>1b/"o0"pw"b/'j|"2*`f&'a:'i:"
oy'mu1j&1f>'mu1k_'k/"dx'd*"k&'y"p*1ks`
d!aks`k}`r$1y1- a!"k!"pt"|`kt`e+`$1 tap
toe1 j:`b/"d!a toe q>'?'k?"e:"y'=1h:"
too1 ?':1ot"bz1y'=1d!a tattoo1 a:`d!ai:"
k4'8"o{`t`- e|`d3'k31k)'d('s`r3"jz1s`k3"
k4'8"o{`t`2dv"et"k?'e3`nz1kt"d%"h$"ox"
d!ak4'8"o{`t`q0'r_1k)'w"dy'o%`k4'8"o{`t`
m<"i/`c!a-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  99warfare n4 av"az'ey1d&";av"az'
  99percussion n4 d>`k*18"j*";d>`k*1t`
h("
  99triangle n4 ev'k{`f+`
  99cymbal n4 n%1o>1
  99bugle n4 k4'r%";c>`o>'
  99bagpipe n4 qz'd*1
  99conch shell rw`c31l!1
  conch n4 rw`c31
  99,Ottoman a4 !"f/1mv"d!a & n4 !"f/1
mv"gu1
  99,Polynesian a4 o<'c*"n*1e*')`d!a &
n4 o<'c*"n*1e*')`gu1
  99keg n4 {iz"p*1ks`d!ao ~1m/"f&`
  99garrison n4 a/"a>1d*"
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 assist in''' ox'a/""""
  t`33 assist sb in''' hw""""qx'mt"e+1
a/"m(`gu1
  .k help sb 7to7 ,V
  ,A forensic expert was called in to
assist in the investigation of the
murder case4
  *'$"q>`*'a}'k)'o0"jy`cw1e+1a/"kw'm(1
i>'v"d!ad{"b>1-
  99forensic a4 q>`*'d!a
  ,Jamie assisted his mom in doing the
dishes after dinner4
  }`jv'r("2k+1m*`ox'm>'m>'e*`}`-
  #b4 be shortened to''' o0"e3'd}`$1"""
  shorten vt4 i:`ot"d}`
  ,The payback period will be shortened
to two months4
  r}1l}`j*1k.'o0"e3'kt`$1c.`k!"8"-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,Martial ,Music and ,The ,Royal
,Edinburgh ,Military ,Tattoo
  a/"*"
  music n4 ?'8"
  t`33 face the music mt"d$"et"i:1;k+'
i("p*'py1{bz1q>1o
  musical a4 ?'8"d!a & n4 ?'8"k|"
  ,The coward doesn't have the guts to
face the music4
  n>"k!"n3"q/'m01s`6`j*"mt"d$"et"i:1-
  99gut n4 6`j*"
  ,Julie showed musical talent at an
early age4
  a/'c*"ru`e{`d!ai:1r("ks"av`et"c!a?'8"
ix"d!aft'q/"-
  ,This film was adapted from a
,Broadway musical4
  a!"o/"dt"y`kw`ot'h:"*'b/'ow`c%`r$"?'8"
k|"-

  c*"k+"l%`f*1{l%`k/`f*1~1h:"c*"nt1l%`
f*1~1k|"oy"h3"o/"qu"iv'kt`o
  ,Did you really expect to avoid all
punishment8 ,You should ----4 &#ajj nt1
a:`l%`y
  7,A7 face the music
7,B7 make the point 7,C7 kick the bucket
7,D7 hit the sack

  d>1v"33 ,A
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 martial a4 k4'i:"d!a;/`i/"d!a
  t`33 martial art /`i/"
  ,Bruce ,Lee was known as a martial
arts master and a famous movie star4
  c*`e{`c&1*`/`i/"d>"i:'|`a:'my1y`ey':1
a/"bz'-
  #b4 military tattoo k4'8"o{`t`
  tattoo n4 k4'8"o{`t`;j:"jy'2=1iu'
  #c4 march vi4 & n4 s1ey1;ey1k4'
  t`33 be on the march ey1k4'
  ,We marched to the ,Capitol in the
hope of getting the government's
attention about our cause4
  3`mu1*'c/"s1ey1d%"k31r$"2e*'_"az"q/`
nz1k}'a/"3`mu1d!ae/"js1-
  ,The troops were on a long march into
the mountains4
  kw'o/"d$"_`iu'iv'bx1f/1ey1k4'-
  #d4 intimidate vt4 $'r!";e+1p<"
  t`33 intimidate sb into''' $'e+1m(`
gu1"""
  intimidating a4 cy"gu1iz'$"d!a
  ,The robber intimidated the woman into
giving him all her valuables4
  kw'j.`q0`e+1p<"a!"$"n|`i:"o>`iu'ix"e3`
s`a:1jt1d!a/"p?`k{'k0`f>'-
  99valuables n4 k$"a&"/"p?`{rz16"q/"
i/"o
  ,That was an intimidating experience1
and ,I just want to forget it4
  n>"i:"k!"cy"gu1rw"p>"d!aky't"23`a:`e.`
o>`f>'_"d{"-
  #e4 time vt4 v'pw1"""d!ai:1kt';f{1az`;
k*"i:1
  ,Gregory timed his visit to suit
,Judy's convenience4
  $"c!ap0"r!1a/'d*"d!aqx'ot"2k!`g$"k!1
c*`f{1az`f>'ow"qx`d!ai:1kt'-
  ,Would you please time my speech8
  jy`n*`ox'3`d!at`k.`k*"i:1r%`m>ao
  #f4 onwards adv4 e."jt1d!a;e."ix"d!a
  ,The pub is busy from #aj3jj p4 m4
onwards4
  a!"kt'ks`o>'}`ix"i:1dt`k3"r("ks"lw'i:`
mx1j*`cw1-
  #g4 sport vt4 e~"{"/ mw"n&"m(`/";l9'{"
  ,Cindy came to work sporting a red
baseball cap4
  e?'d*"cw1ix"ov'i:1e~"{"e:"d!adw"a!a*'
dy`r&1e!"d!aox"js1m%"-
  #h4 insert vt4 jt'g/";b>'g/"
  ,The miners carefully inserted the
explosives into the hole4
  n>"e+'l_"k&'e{`e?'*"*"d!ak.'n>"e+'a>"
{"qx"g/"d&"a&'-
  #i4 dye n4 gv`c{" & vt4 gv`e!"
  ,To my horror1 the hair dye turned my
hair green instead of light brown4
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gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#f 8" #ah g:" 8"d/1{j!"t"o

        ,Martial ,Music and ,The ,Royal
,Edinburgh ,Military ,Tattoo
        au"rv"gu1e?'d!ak4'8"p{'.1
  8,What is it that'''80 k*1  8,It is'''
that'''0 d!a6"q>`

  ,Part of the month-long ,Edinburgh
,Festival held in ,August1 ,The ,Royal
,Edinburgh ,Military ,Tattoo attracts
over #bjj1jjj spectators to ,Edinburgh
,Castle1 ,Scotland4 ,As many as another
#ajj million viewers in more than #dj
countries enjoy this military
performance beamed by the ,British
,Broadcasting ,Corporation 7,,BBC74 ,The
,Tattoo is one of the biggest draws of
the festival1 the world's largest
performing arts gathering4 ,Tickets for
live viewing have sold out every year
for over a decade4 ,What is it about the
,Tattoo that is so popular8
  ,British ,Armed ,Forces1
,Commonwealth1 and other international
bands perform in ,Edinburgh4 ,The
costumes1 staging1 lighting1 and crack
performances of the assembled bands
delight the crowds4 ,Military bands from
,Norway1 the ,Netherlands1 ,Switzerland1
,South ,Africa1 and even ,African tribal
bands have appeared at the ,Tattoo4
,Despite this wide variety of martial
music1 the bands thrill their audiences
with the same powerful1 moving music
that has inspired both military
personnel and the general public for
generations4 ,With about a third of the
viewers at the festival from overseas1
the ,Tattoo creates a truly cosmopolitan
audience1 who all have one thing in
common3 their love of military music4
  ,The ,Royal ,Edinburgh ,Military
,Tattoo has helped popularize a musical
form that stretches far back in time and
will no doubt continue to please future
audiences as well4 ,Should you be in the
,United ,Kingdom in ,August1 make your
way to the ,Edinburgh ,Festival to see
,The ,Royal ,Edinburgh ,Military
,Tattoo4 ,Oh1 and be sure to reserve
your tickets far in advance6

  #a4 ,What is ,,NOT one of the purposes
of the first paragraph in ,Day #a8
  7,A7 ,To explain the origin of martial
music4
  7,B7 ,To define what martial music is4
  7,C7 ,To detail the uses of martial
music4
  7,D7 ,To list some of the instruments
used in martial music4
  #b4 ,Which of the following statements
about the ,English word tattoo is true8
  7,A7 ,It was derived from the same
word from two different languages4
  7,B7 ,Early ,American colonial
military officers coined the word4
  7,C7 ,The word represents two
different meanings from two different
languages4
  7,D7 ,The ,English borrowed the word
from the ,Ottoman ,Empire4
  #c4 ,According to the article1 which
of the following is true about the
,Edinburgh ,Festival8
  7,A7 ,It is held at the ,,BBC studios
in ,London4
  7,B7 ,It is a collection of a great
variety of artistic performances4
  7,C7 ,It is held in a different
country each year4
  7,D7 ,Tickets must be purchased a
decade before performances4
  #d4 ,What is meant by the last
sentence of the article8
  7,A7 ,Tickets can only be purchased
outside the ,United ,Kingdom4
  7,B7 ,Tickets include accommodations
in ,Edinburgh4
  7,C7 ,One must buy tickets directly
from members of ,The ,Royal ,Edinburgh
,Military ,Tattoo4
  7,D7 ,It is not easy to buy tickets
for the ,Tattoo4
          33333333333333333333

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d!ak}'a&"2f>'mu1j~1d('s`k!"k&"f&'dt`33
d$"k4'8"d!ag!"w"-
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~`e/"|1k3"j|"d!a*'a&`?'8"ey1i:"2:1j+`r%1
/1*1="+`k.'r$"b:1e|"j|`8"$"cw1d!ak}'a&"-
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dy"n*`d!amu1p{"<'l

  #a4 r!1a!`o/"i:"d*"*'ft'=1ax'd*"*'d}"
d!am/"d*"a:'*'o
  7,A7 k+`i:"k4'8"d!aj*`~1-
  7,B7 dy"*"r!1$"k4'8"-
  7,C7 e.1i/"k4'8"d!a6"f/1-
  7,D7 c+"b/'hw"k4'8"a&'i:`6"d!a*'e+'8"
j*"-
  f*1k+`33ku'k|"i:1j*'g:"=1ax'd*"*'d}"2
k?` 7,A7 e."$"o0"f*1k*12k/" $1az"e~`-
  #b4 e)"c+"r!1a!`k}'|1y'=1h:" tattoo
d!ae|"i/"i:"az"j8"d!ao
  7,A7 f>'i:"j&1c.`a&`o/"f&1|`t1a&'d!a
f&1*'k!"dv'h:"t`ot":1cw1d!a-
  7,B7 m0`k31h%`j*1a:1m?1d*"k4'k}'b_"h%"
c!aa!"k!"h:"-
  7,C7 a!"k!"h:"dw"o{`c!aj&1c.`a&`|`t1t`
ot":1cw1d!ac.`k!"o/"f&1*"*"-
  7,D7 y'=1j&1!"f/1mv"d*"k31k+"6"c!aa!"
k!"h:"-
  f*1k+`33ku'k|"i:1j*'g:"=1ax'd*"ev'd}"2
tattoo i:"s1o<'c*"n*1e*')`|`a}`ot"$1y'=1
d!a- cy"7"*'k!" tattoo +`i:"r("cw1jw1a}`
ot"$1y'=1d!a2dv"a!"j:"i:"cw1h:"r!1cv1|`2
k/" 7,C7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  #c4 ku'k|"ou`=12e)"c+"r!1a!`k}'|1w"dy'
o%`*"i/"k+1d!ae|"i/"i:"az"j8"d!ao
  7,A7 f>'hw"c=1d='d!ay'k31k_`o<'k&'e:'
t`o<"i:"k|`ey1-
  7,B7 f>'i:"e|`d3'o/"f&1*"i/"o{`t`d!a
k*1r!1-
  7,C7 f>'m0`nt1d('hw"o/"f&1d!ak31k)'k|`
ey1-
  7,D7 *'dy"{"hw"o{`t`d!ai:1nt1jt1k("
p{"-
  f*1k+`33ku'k|"i:1o>'g:"=1ax'd*"*'d}"2
k4'8"o{`t`i:"kw'k+1jy"{j~1js1h$"d>"d!a
o{`t`*"i/"k|"r$"o d!aa&"f(1e*"a:'*'2k/"
7,B7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  #d4 ou`=1h$"r("*'k|"d!a*"e:'$1r!1o
  7,A7 mu1p{"a:`nz1hw"y'k31*`7"d!ad*"qx'
k("mw`-
  7,B7 mu1p{"o%'rv1c!ahw"w"dy'o%`d!aa/"
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  7,C7 *'dy"{"a:1k+'e."r_1k)'w"dy'o%`k4'
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  7,D7 {"mw`d%"k4'8"o{`t`d!amu1p{"o/"g&1
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oy"o/"g&1*"2k/" 7,D7 e."y'$1az"e~`-

  d>1v"33
  #a4 ,A #b4 ,C #c4 ,B #d4 ,D
          33333333333333333333

    8,For ,Your ,Information0
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          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  99commonwealth n4 ct1ox';k&"r!1k31
{i(`h:"m/`d>"e+`i:1o{`88d>"y'k31e+100o
  t`33 the ,Commonwealth of ,Nations d>"
y'k31e+1
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  t`33 a cosmopolitan city k31k*"ey"d!a
bz1i:"
  99colonial a4 a:1m?1{d*"o d!a
  t`33 colony n4 a:1m?1d*"
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 thrill sb with sth 6"m(`/"i:`m(`
gu1ky't"
  t`33 be thrilled with/ about/ at'''
d$""""kv`d%"ey'qu"
  ,The band thrilled the audience with
vibrant ,New ,Orleans-style jazz4
  a!"k!"8"f}1*`iz'd&"d!ans`%"c.1qz'k!1
k81i:"8"i:`k}'a&"ky't"-
  ,Jack was thrilled at the prospect of
seeing his girlfriend again4
  k+1l!"d$"|1k.'s`k*'r$"hw"j:"|`n|`s`e.'
kt"kv`d%"e.'dx'ey'qu"-
  99prospect n4 k*'r$"2l!`nz1ey";av`_"
  #b4 have''' in common s`"""d!ak&"f&'
dt`
  t`33 have something/ a lot/ nothing in
common s`e+'/ s`ru`d3'/ m01s`k&"f&'dt`
  ,I was surprised to find out that
,Beth and ,I have a lot in common4
  3`ru`*"7"d!aq>'et"3`r!1o0"e:'s`ru`d3'
k&"f&'dt`-
  ,Though ,Tim and ,Tom are twins1 they
have nothing in common4
  e$'gv1f*1m/`r!1fx'm/`i:"i_'o%'fw'2j8"
m01s`gu"r!1k&"f&1dt`-
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  ,Should ,Eric find someone that he
really loves1 ,I would be happy for him4
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f*"f>'k%'ey"-
  #d4 make one's way to+ d*"qx' e."m(`
d*"jt1k?";hw"m(`d*"cs1ey1
  ,The train station was so crowded that
it took a while for us to make our way
to the platform4
  a!"k!"r3`b!'av"fw"6`k*`c!a2*`a:"|13`
mu1r9'c!adt`i:1kt'jw1d%"d>18"fw1-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,What is it about the ,Tattoo that is
so popular8
  a/"*"
  ,What is it that'''8 gx""""d!ai:"i!1
m!ao j:`k|"ey1s1e)"c+"k|"k("t`ot":1cw133
  ,It is''' that''' az"i:""""jw1"""
  ,What was it that hurt ,Nina and made
her cry8
  i:"i!1m!aix'c!an*1n>"d!ae?'2oy"i:`f>'
l/'j*"d!an!ao
  ,It was ,Hank's mean words that hurt
,Nina and made her cry4
  ix'c!an*1n>"d!ae?'oy"i:`f>'l/'j*"d!a
i:"rv"l!"!"d/1d!ar9"|`-

  c*"k+"l%`f*1{l%`k/`f*1~1h:"c*"nt1l%`
f*1~1k|"oy"h3"o/"qu"iv'kt`o
  ,It was ,Mark's comment ---- inspired
many to throw me a surprise party4 &#ajc
nt1a:`l%`y
  7,A7 what 7,B7 that 7,C7 whom
7,D7 this

  d>1v"33 ,B
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 spectator n4 k}'a&"{l!`i/"o
  t`33 audience n4 k}'a&"2fy'a&"{k*1r!1
my1j:12i:`6"dv'i/"jw`e)"c+"k+1k("o
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  ,There were thousands of spectators at
the baseball game4
  a!"bx`ox"js1o*`ew"s`i/"jt'my1k}'a&"-
  ,The concert drew an audience of
#e1jjj4
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ey"d!a$1e{"
  t`33 beam at''' d$""""$1e{"
  ,The television transmitter beamed a
powerful signal to the satellite4
  n>"fw1dt"i:"q>'i!"k*'e."gu1h%"$"ey'q>'
e&"b/'j.1c*"d!ae4"r%"-
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newborn grandson4
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h:a$1e{"-
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small cracks in the window4
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{ou`=1$1k3"j|"qu'j:1h3"ey1g&1j:16"o
  ,A large crowd assembled outside the
,American embassy4
  s`*'d>"j41gu1k|"k*1hw"m0`k31d>"i:`k}`
7"mt"-
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kids of all ages4
  a!"o/"e?'d&"r9"pt"k.'i("d%"e3`s`nt1cy1
jz1rw1f&1d!ae*`w"-
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bedtime stories to his daughter4
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  #f4 popularize vt4 i:`p/`k*1;i:`cs1ey1
  ,The pop star popularized long
fingernails covered with decorations and
jewels4
  n>"$"cs1ey1k!'i(`i:`a$"s`a_'i:"p?`|`
a/'o%`d!abx1a:`k)`$"$1cs1ey1-
  #g4 stretch vi4 t1iu' & vt4 iu'av`{a:'
f*`dz`o
  ,The investigation stretched over
three years4
  a!"e."d{"b>1c*"i:1|1ev'nt1-
  ,After sitting for a long time1 ,Derek
stood up to stretch his arms and legs4
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*'e)"e:"a:'-
  #h4 coin vt4 b_"h%"2q>'my1{e?'h:"j:1o
& n4 y"o*"
  ,The writer coined the popular term
for the movement4
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g!"mu1d!ah:"j:1-
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  a!"fw1?`c{"qv"mw"k*'a:`i('y"o*"-
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  t`33 accommodate vt4 v'pw1a/"e/";g&1
n>"
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accommodations excluded4
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o%'rv1a/"e/"-
  ,We accommodated the guest before
settling in for the night4
  3`mu1v'pw1r%`l!"gu1d!aa/"e/"r("jw1j|"
es'e*1-

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#f 8" #bj g:" pt'ax'k+1k("

        ,Tattoos by ,Foot
        l!"q/1n*"ky"d!a/1o*"j:"jy'i:'

  by ,Daniel ,Howard
  ,An ,American tattoo artist is making
history4
  *'$"m0`k31j:"jy'i:'b_"h%"c!ac*"i:`-

  ,Brian ,Tagalog is an ,American tattoo
artist4 ,While being a tattoo artist is
interesting on its own1 ,Brian is unique
among tattoo artists for a very obvious
reason3 he doesn't have any arms4 7#a7
  ,Brian's mother ,Angie was extremely
upset to know that her son was born
disabled4 7#b7 ,However1 she never
believed her son was anything less than
what she was1 and she always encouraged
him to pursue his dreams4 7#c7
  ,However1 ,Brian grew up using his
feet for everything from driving a car
to drawing1 so he knew he could
accomplish whatever he wanted4 ,He had
always been interested in art1 so about
#aa years ago1 ,Brian got certified as a
tattoo artist4 ,Though difficult1 this
would prove to be the easiest part of
his journey4 7#d7 ,Instead of being
discouraged1 he decided to make it on
his own4
  ,Brian opened his own store called
,Tattoos by ,Foot in ,Tucson1 ,Arizona4
,He developed his technique1 which is
similar to that used by other tattoo
artists with their hands1 except
,Brian's version uses his feet4 ,His
process involves drawing a sketch on a
piece of paper1 transferring it to his
client's skin1 and then tracing and
filling in the pattern with a tattoo
gun4 7#e7 ,As the first armless tattoo
artist1 and a good one1 ,Brian is now
getting a lot of attention online and
from the media1 proving that dreams do
come true4

  7,A7 ,The whole process is less
traumatic1 and patients are often able
to return to work the day after an
operation4
  7,B7 ,He was born this way1 so from
the very beginning1 ,Brian had
incredible challenges ahead4
  7,C7 ,When ,Brian decided to become a
tattoo artist1 everyone knew he had
chosen a difficult path4
  7,D7 ,For years1 ,Brian applied for
jobs at tattoo parlors without ever
getting hired4
  7,E7 ,He accomplishes all this with
his feet1 on which he wears surgical
gloves to prevent infection4
  7,F7 ,She cried every day for a year
knowing how much more difficult life
would be for her son4
          33333333333333333333

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  #a4 ,B #b4 ,F #c4 ,C #d4 ,D #e4 ,E
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
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  t`33 illustration n4 b>'f/1
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 make history b_"h%"c*"i:`;bz1$1b_"
k|`
  #b4 encourage sb to ,V k/`c*"m(`gu1j&1
i:""""
  encourage vt4 k/`c*"
  ,The professor encouraged ,Robert to
pursue a master's degree4
  kw'k{"i("k/`c*"c31o<1f!"a$'js1i3"i:"
e81$"-
  #c4 prove to be ,N/ ,Adj4 az"i:1i:""""
  ,I stand by what ,I said unless it is
proven to be wrong4
  3`kt'i(`3`e3`i3'd!a*'h:"*'k|"2b/1q0'
a!"e+'r9"o0"az"i:1i:"j3"d!a-
  #d4 transfer ,A to ,B k.' ,A a}`*1d%"
,B
  ,Let's transfer all of your money to
that bank4 ,I'm sure it's safe4
  hv1mu1o>`n*`e3`s`d!ajt1a}`k?"n>"k)'?1
rx1o>a- 3`j8"dy"f>'ru`v'j~1-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 tattoo n4 & vt4 j:"jy'
  t`33 a tattoo parlor j:"jy'dt"
  a tattoo artist j:"jy'i:'q/"
  ,It will be quite expensive and time-
consuming to remove all of these
tattoos4
  {"j|"b/1e3`s`d!aa!"e+'j:"jy'e.'dx'x1
k$"+`ru`r%"i:1-
  99time-consuming a4 q0"i:1d!a
  ,The gangster has a dragon tattooed on
his back4
  a!"k!"cs1mx1hw"o0"ix"j:"c!a*'f{1c&1-
  #b4 upset a4 nv1k3"d!a;iz'j*"d!a & vt4
i:`nv1k3"{ev'fw"f&1ey1o
  ,We were all upset when we heard the
news4
  3`mu1d!1a:'a!"k!"e{'e*1i:1d('ru`nv1
k3"-
  ,It upsets ,Eddie to see animals being
abused4
  t`kt"d&"/"i("n8"gx"w"d*1e.'dx'o/"r%`
i("-
  99abuse vt4 n8"dw"
  #c4 disabled a4 iu'ax"d!a
  t`33 the disabled iu'e?'ax"w"a!`
  .k the physically challenged
  disable vt4 i:`{i(`k{`dz`o i:'j|"nz1
c*";i:`/1q>`az"bx14"a}`
  #d4 accomplish vt4 }1bz12i:1et"
  f&133 achieve vt4
  ,I can accomplish anything ,I set my
mind on doing4
  a:`{"i:"3`e)"dy"k81e?'{"h3"d!ai:"23`
d('nz1k("}1bz1-
  #e4 certify vt4 gu"az"2az"my1
  ,The psychiatrist certified that the
criminal was legally sane4
  ky'iu1*'i:'az"my1n>"my1h$"qv"e?'a:"az"
bx1-
  99psychiatrist n4 ky'iu1l!'*'iz'
  sane a4 e?'a:"kt"j~1d!a2iu1a:"az"bx1
d!a
  #f4 discourage vt4 i:`j*"n0`;j~"h/`
  t`33 discourage sb from ,V-ing j~"h/`
m(`gu1{h3"o"""
  ,Ben discouraged ,Jerry from stealing
candy from the store4
  >'ov'j~"h/`k+1g$"f('dt"c*`d!afx1k3`-
  #g4 technique n4 k*"i/"2k*"j{`
  t`33 technical a4 k*"i/"d!a;k*"nz1d!a
  ,The young swimmer uses an unusual
technique to increase her speed in the
water4
  a!"my1nt1jy'd!a6`a!`c*"6"f!"i/'k*"j{`
hz'k)'f>'hw"i$`a&'d!ae/"d/"-
  ,You need technical training to do
this job4
  {"h3"a!"qu"k&'h3"2n*`e|'{"et'k+'i("k*"
i/"e4"ct"-
  #h4 trace vt48 m{1b/'/ k('r9"b/'{c=1
l3"o;a$'h&'2a$'b>1
  ,The police traced the missing girl to
a cabin in the woods4
  ky`qx'*'c/"a$'h&'n>"my1i:'h&'n|`rw12
cw1d%"c!aeu'c?1c*`d!a*'kt'e{`/'-
          33333333333333333333

    &~1cw1g/1j:`y
  #a4 d*"*'f*1l&"k!1y'e~` 7,B7
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1*'k|"f*1k*1 8''' ,Brian is
unique among tattoo artists for a very
obvious reason3 he doesn't have any
arms40 {"""dv"o/"cw1u'hw"j:"jy'i:'a:'a&'
?'*'k!"my1et`d!a~1?'gx"f>'et`d!ad/1
f!""""f>'m01s`i(`o*"-o2:1 7,B7 e."d!ak|"
h:af*1k*1 8,He was born this way1 so
from the very beginning1 ,Brian had
incredible challenges ahead40 {f>'*'b/'
iz'ks"m01s`i(`o*"2e3`*`d>`j&1*'lw'i:`2
o/"cw1u'ks"mt"c?1k*1d>"d!af{`av"hw"jt1
f(1dz`a!af>'-o2jt1*'k|"d!a doesn't have
any arms {m01s`i(`o*"o |` 7,B7 e."k|"h:a
d!a ,He was born this way {f>'*'b/'iz'
ks"m01s`i(`o*"o r/"e.'r/'y"2k/"ey1bz1k}'
ct1-
  b4 ku'k|"ix"i/"2 7,B7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  d>"o/`}133
  a4 incredible a4 k*1d>"d!a2nv1*`a:"e?"
d!a
  ,The fact that ,Angel has been working
here for over #cj years is incredible4
  v'j*1hw"a!"c*`k&'h3"ev'i:1d3'nt1c!a2
a!"au'i:"cy"gu1nv1*`a:"e?"-
  b4 ahead adv4 jt1qx'd!a;hw"jt1mt"
  t`33 ahead of''' hw""""a:'jt1
  ,I arrived at the airport ahead of my
daughter4
  3`hw"3`n|`:1d*`d>1a:'jt1ks"et'd%"c!a
k*'bx`-
  #b4 d*":"f*1l&"k!1y'e~` 7,F7
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1*'k|"f*1k*1 8,Brian's
mother ,Angie was extremely upset to
know that her son was born disabled40
{o/"cw1u'd!am/`j?'v'j*1d!1a:'f>'d!a:1h:`
b/'iz'i:1ks"iu'f*`jv1j8'ru`i:"nv1k3"-o2
:1 7,F7 e."d!ak|"h:af*1k*1 8,She cried
every day for a year knowing how much
more difficult life would be for her
son40 {d*"*'nt1f>'ft'ft'*`c0"e*`mt"2?'$"
f>'a:'d%"f>':1h:a$"cw1d!agu1iz'r$"i:"d3'
m!ad!al="nv1-o2jt1*'k|"d!a upset {nv1
k3"o |` 7,F7 e."k|"h:ad!a cried {*`c0"
e*`mt"o r/"e.'r/'y"2k/"ey1bz1k}'ct1-
  b4 ku'k|"ix"i/"2 7,F7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  #c4 d*"ev'f*1l&"k!1y'e~` 7,C7
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1*'k|"f*1k*1 8''' and she
always encouraged him to pursue his
dreams40 {"""?'j:`f>'h&`i:"k/`c*"f>'j|"
a$'js1h:"k*`d!amz"e.`-o2:1 7,C7 e."d!a
k|"h:af*1k*1 8,When ,Brian decided to
become a tattoo artist'''0 {dx'o/"cw1u'
k81e?'{"bz1$1*'my1j:"jy'i:'i:1"""o2jt1*'
k|"d!a dreams {mz"e.`o |` 7,C7 e."k|"h:a
d!a to become a tattoo artist {{"bz1$1*'
my1j:"jy'i:'o r/"e.'r/'y"2k/"ey1bz1k}'
ct1-
  b4 ku'k|"ix"i/"2 7,C7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  #d4 d*"e:"f*1l&"k!1y'e~` 7,D7
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1r("*'k|"f*1k*1 8,Instead of
being discouraged1 he decided to make it
on his own40 {f>'m01s`k81d!aj*"n0`2e.'
qv`d!a2f>'k81dy"l%"h:"k*`bz1k&'}1bz1e?'
~"-o2:1 7,D7 e."d!ak|"h:af*1k*1 8,For
years1 ,Brian applied for jobs at tattoo
parlors without ever getting hired40
{d3'nt1cw12o/"cw1u'y"az'j:"jy'dt"d!ak&'
h3"dv"j8"m01s`gu1~"*"p?"6"f>'-o2r("*'k|"
d!a being discouraged {k81d!aj*"n0`o |`
7,D7 e."k|"h:ad!a without ever getting
hired {m01s`gu1~"*"p?"6"f>'o r/"e.'r/'
y"2k/"ey1bz1k}'ct1-
  b4 ku'k|"ix"i/"2 7,D7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  d>"o/`}133
  a4 apply for''' y"az'{k&'h3"o;iu'jy`
{r$"~1iu'qu",k.`e81k?',dw"l}`dz`o
  t`33 apply for a membership card iu'
ov"r$"~1l>`
  ,Alice plans to apply for that job4
  w"c*"e:'d>`e}"y"az'n>"qu"k&'h3"-
  ,We recently applied for a loan to buy
a house4
  3`mu1h$"k?"j|"iu'jy`dw"l}`mw`qx1h:a-
  b4 parlor n4 dt"mt"
  t`33 a beauty parlor m0`g&1~"
  a massage parlor v"m<1~"
  #e4 d*"/`f*1l&"k!1y'e~` 7,E7
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1*'k|"f*1k*1 8,His process
involves drawing a sketch on a piece of
paper'''0 {f>'d!ak3"bz1o%'k9'hw"a:`ix"
r9"j%`f/1"""o2:1 7,E7 e."d!ak|"h:af*1k*1
8,He accomplishes all this with his
feet1 on which he wears surgical gloves
to prevent infection40 {f>'j~1bz16"i_'
k{`cw1}1bz1az`k!"j:"jy'2i_'k{`dw"a!a7"
l!'i(`i/"d!ai(`f%"*`qx1kv`gv`-o2jt1*'k|"
d!a process {k3"bz1o |` 7,E7 e."k|"h:a
d!a all this {j~1bz1o r/"e.'r/'y"2k/"ey1
bz1k}'ct1-
  b4 ku'k|"ix"i/"2 7,E7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  d>"o/`}133
  a4 surgical a4 7"l!'d!a2i(`i/"d!a
  t`33 surgical equipment 7"l!'i(`i/"j*"
jw1{k*1r!1my1j:12o/"l!`i/"o
  ,Many relief materials were rushed to
the refugee camps1 including surgical
equipment4
  e|`d3'ks"k*"/"h:'o0"r3`e/"4"e&"d%"n>"
e+'nv"m?1y12o%'k9'7"l!'i(`i/"j*"jw1hw"
n0"-
  99relief n4 ks"k*"
  refugee n4 nv"m?1
  b4 infection n4 kv`gv`2b}1gv`

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#f 8" #ba g:"f/1o{`i:"e+`h3"

        ,The ,Importance of a ,Balanced
,Diet
        k4'rz1?`i:1d!aa&"{"ey"
  8consume0 d!a6"q>`

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f/1o{`2jy`ku'k|"kw'f/1e+`*'pt'=1bx1a:"
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qu'c.`d}"2d*"*'d}"m{1i/"k4'rz1?`i:1d$"
n*`:1t1$1r!1oy"i3'my1f/1o{`e3`bz1et"d!a
et"e."2d*":"d}"h!1i3'my1n*`d!a?`i:1e*1
k}"|`$"iz'q/1c*"o/"kt"*"a:'?`i:1a:`nv1
d!ae.'e:"r3"e.'*"a:'b/"2oy"i3'my1n*`{"
g/1r!1kw`iv"?`i:1e*1k}"-

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k.'a:'a}`r}"bz1=1h:"2oy"i3'my1kw'f/1o{`
e3`bz1et"d!an0"g&1- hw"qu'e*'f/1o{`n0"
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n0"g&1|`h:"iu'ky't"i:"q(`s`e.'e:"r3"e.'
*"a:'b/"2hw"k)'*`bv`i/"- f/1o{`i:"e+`h3"
s`*`e)"ev'k!"a&"dt`33
  #a4 h:`e*"iu`f*133
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e4"2dv"o/"e|'j~1mt"d!am{1i/"f/1o{`2:1i:"
au'd$"f/1o{`n0"d!am(`e+'n0"g&1k?"ey1a&"
dt`i:"d!am{1i/"|`qu'e*'- ?'j:`2hw"e)"o*`
jt1y'et'h:`e*"qu'e*'f/1o{`e3`{"bz1et"d!a
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  &d&"d&"n%`y 7,Brainstorming7
  c*"6" #a ,W 7,What7+ #a ,H 7,How7
  d*"*'d}" ,What does a balanced diet
mean for me8
  ,What does the bar chart show8
  d*":"d}" ,What are the similarities or
differences between your diet and the
recommendations from the ,Ministry of
,Health and ,Welfare 7,,MOHW78
  ,How can you improve your diet8
  k+1c="k|" ,That way1 ,I will lose
weight and become healthier4

  &d>"kx'y
  d*"*'d}"33 ,For a long time1
nutritionists have talked about the
value of a balanced diet4
  a4 ,Eating a balanced diet with a lot
of fruit and vegetables is essential4
  b4 ,The chart is based on the
recommendations from the ,Ministry of
,Health and ,Welfare 7,,MOHW7 regarding
how much of the various food groups
people should consume4
  d*":"d}"33 ,As you can see from the
chart1 my diet largely meets the stan
dards set by the ,,MOHW4
  a4 ,In terms of fruit1 vegetables1 and
proteins like meat1 fish1 and eggs1 my
diet meets the government's standards4
  b4 ,I consume an excess amount of
oils1 fats1 and sweets4
  c4 ,What ,I need to do is reduce the
amount of desserts and fatty foods ,I
consume4
  k+1c="k|"33 ,That way1 ,I will lose
weight and become healthier4
          33333333333333333333

    &f/1o{`i:"qv"=1y
  ,For a long time1 nutritionists have
talked about the value of a balanced
diet4 ,It seems more and more people are
following that advice4 ,As far as ,I am
concerned1 eating a balanced diet with a
lot of fruit and vegetables is
essential4 ,A balanced diet also
includes a mixture of grains and
proteins1 which can be seen in the bar
chart4 ,The chart is based on the
recommendations from the ,Ministry of
,Health and ,Welfare 7,,MOHW7 regarding
how much of the various food groups
people should consume4
  ,As you can see from the chart1 my
diet largely meets the standards set by
the ,,MOHW1 especially in terms of
fruit1 vegetables1 and proteins like
meat1 fish1 and eggs4 ,However1 ,I
consume an excess amount of oils1 fats1
and sweets4 ,As a result1 ,I am
overweight1 and my doctor says my
cholesterol level is a bit too high4
,What ,I need to do is reduce the amount
of desserts and fatty foods ,I consume1
such as cake and fried chicken4 ,That
way1 ,I will lose weight and become
healthier4
          33333333333333333333

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k}'k4'rz1?`i:1d!ak)"a:1- 8"cw18"d3'gu1
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l!`lv"b/'- kw'f/1o{`i:"*'k|"$"iz'q/1c*"
o/"ks"k31m?1y'i!"j|`d3'i%`o/"f&1i:1/"h/`
r!1:1dy"d!akt"*"-
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o{'a=`2f!"o+1ks"i$`k3`,i/'jw"r!1e."i:"
g("c0",|1c0"r!1dv"c0"d!adv"ow1a:1:1t1-
gv1:123`i!"j|`c!ak3"c."d!as1,a:'qx1r!1
fx1qu"- ?'j:`23`d!af*`a&"k3"a&"j+`3`d!a
*'i:'i3'3`d!adv`k/"b=1a:`i/"s`dt`pt'k%'-
3`e3`o*"e|'h3"d!ai:"kt`i%`3`e3`b:'d!adt`
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a>"k*'- a!"."*'cw123`ot"nz1kt`a&"+`r$"
ot"d!akz"$1kt"lx'-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  99nutritionist n4 y1.`e81k)'
  99grain n4 k/`/"{a:`d%"m*`r3"mw"c0"bv`
p?`o
  99protein n4 dv"ow1a:1
  99a bar chart/ graph bx1f{1f/1
  t`33 a pie chart ~1oy`f/1
  a line chart a!1et"f/12j|'et"f/1
  a flow chart cs1bz1f/1
  99welfare n4 q/1c*"
  99cholesterol level dv`k/"b=1a:`i/"
  cholesterol n4 dv`k/"b=1
  t`33 steroid n4 c0"k/"b=1
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 as far as sb/ sth is concerned1
,S+ ,V ks"m(`gu1/ m(`i:":1t12"""
  ,As far as ,Owen is concerned1
spirituality is more important than
materialistic goods4
  d$"('=1cw1i3'2ky'iu1jz1mt"o*`/"a:1ix"
d!ad&'e*'cw1d!aa&"{"-
  #b4 in terms of''' ks"""":1t1
  ,The main objective of this meeting is
to find a solution that is agreeable to
both sides in terms of cost4
  ou`r$"*"a/`{"m/"d*"i:"ks"bz1ou`qx'mt"
a%`b/'gx"i_'qx'k+'nz1k+'i("d!ak+`k81qx'
v"-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,The chart is based on the
recommendations from the ,Ministry of
,Health and ,Welfare 7,,MOHW7 regarding
how much of the various food groups
people should consume4
  a/"*"
  consume vt4 i!"j|`2b:' 7.k eat71
r!' 7.k drink72 e{'r%";r9'q0";a!1m<12kt'
%1
  t`33 consumption n4 e{'r%";e{'q0"
  consumer n4 e{'q0"a!`
  the consumer price index e{'q0"a!`/"
k)"a:`i/"7kt`bz' ,,CPI7
  99consuming a4 d>"c."e{'q0"{i:1kt',ky'
c*"r3"l&'kt'o d!a{$1et"hw"qu'j:12l!`|`
my1j:1ey1bz1*'k!"q/"r!1ey1g&1j:1o
  ,Some people don't consume meat
because they feel a vegetarian diet is
healthier4
  s`e+'gu1o/"b:'g("2?'$"f>'mu1k81d!ae/"
i:1jv'dt`k{"$1kt"lx'-
  ,If we keep unwisely consuming our
natural resources1 sooner or later they
will be used up4
  3`mu1g3"k*"e|"o/"c*`a:"d!ae{'r%"3`mu1
d!ah:"gv1h:'~12f>'mu1b:1h%`r$"o0"e{'r%"
dw"k?"-
  ,Helen was consumed by her daughter's
sudden death4
  n|`:1d!af/1gv1k3"i:"cy"rw`c=1i("k?"kt'
%1-
  ,Taiwan's consumption of oil rises
yearly4
  fw1}'d!ai:1s1e{'r%"c."a/1nt1hz'k)'-
  ,The consumer price index dipped again
in ,December as a result of falling oil
prices4
  s1|1s1k)"d!ae)"d+12e{'q0"a!`/"k)"a:`
i/"hw"i:1:"8"hw"d/"e)"k."-
  99dip vi4 e)"k.";kt`i%`2k."d*'
  ,The building of ,Taiwan's ,High
,Speed ,Rail was a difficult and time-
consuming project4
  ey'kt"fw1}'k%'f+`i:"*'a_'kt'l="j+`r%"
i:1d!ak&'bz1-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 a balanced diet k4'rz1d!a?`i:1
  diet n4 {$1kt"lx'm/"d*"e3`i!"k*"d!ao
?`i:1 & vi4 a%"k$'dy"?`i:1;k+1i:1
  t`33 go/ be on a diet k+1i:1
  ,I cut ,French fries from my diet one
year ago1 and ,I've since lost #aj
kilograms4
  3`*'nt1jt1lw'i:`o/"b:'a>"i/`f{12j&1n>"
i:1j*`23`i("c!ai:1k&'k?'-
  ,I always intend to diet but never do4
  3`*'a:1e.`k+1i:1dv"d('m01q/"a/'ey1d&"-
  ,I intended to go on a diet1 but the
holiday season came1 so ,I put it off4
  3`a:'jt1e.`{"k+1i:12dv"e$1a!ak)"j*1d!a
d%"cw123`ot"t1r("k*"r9"d!ak?"ey1-
  #b4 advice n4 *"kt"2a&'k/"{o/"l!`i/"o
  t`33 an advice column {o%"ax'h>1a:"o
h:'e41cv1
  advise vt4 & vi4 j~"k%";a&'k/"2kt"*"
  ,Thank you for giving me such a good
piece of advice4
  e+"e+"n*`k0`3`a!"m!ar%`d!akt"*"-
  ,The magazine features an advice
column as well as current world news4
  ou`h>1a:"lv'hw"*'pt'h:'ix'a}'cv1r!1j~1
js1i:1i:"-
  ,Travelers have been advised that they
should avoid going out alone after dark4
  s1l!"mu1*`o0"kt"*"ft'r0'r("{"o*"mt`dv'
d/17"b/'-
  #c4 excess a4 & n4 k3"d3'{d!ao2k3"c."
{d!ao
  t`33 to excess k3"d/"
  in excess of''' b%'k3""""
  an excess of''' k3"c."d!a"""
  excessive a4 k3"d/"d!a2k3"d3'd!a
  ,If your luggage exceeds the carry-on
weight limit1 excess baggage charges
will be applied4
  g/1k3`n*`d!aey1c*`b%'k3"e$1iu'ey1c*`
a&"c."et"!12b%'a&"ey1c*`k.'r$"i('q0"-
  ,Roger loves drinking beer at his
leisure1 but he never does it to excess4
  c31k+1et1e)1i:1e*`r}'r!'p*1ks`2dv"f>'
j&1o/"k3"c."-
  ,The ,Taiwanese pitcher throws
fastballs at speeds in excess of #ade
kilometers per hour4
  n>"my1fw1}'f(1i(`f(1b/'d!al7"e/"js1i:1
e/"b%'k3"*'ow`e:"i:1/`k&'c*`-
  ,An excess of vitamins can be harmful
to your health4
  k3"c."d!a$1f>'my"l!`nz1d$"kt"lx's`rw"-
  ,The police officer was charged with
using excessive force in the arrest4
  a!"my1ky`b>1o0"a:`l&"|1k?"ey1dw"o/`i:1
a:1q>`k3"dx"-
  #d4 overweight a4 k3"a&"d!a
  qv`33 underweight a4 a&"c."o/"h/1d!a
  ,Those pills didn't have an effect on
,Gina because she was so overweight4
  n>"e+'{"}1d$"k*1n>"/1e{"2?'$"f>'i:1hw"
fw"px"c!a-
  ,Women who drink and smoke while
pregnant risk giving birth to
underweight babies4
  q/"n|`hw"r714"i:1?`ks`e*'t's`l!`nz1r$"
iz'e)"f*`a&"o/"h/1d!ay':1-
  #e4 fatty a4 a:'qx1ru`d3'd!a;s1n*"d!a
  ,According to a recent survey1 people
are eating more fatty foods4
  ku'k|"h$"k?"*'e."d{"b>12d>"k)'b:'d!a
d&'e*'|"cw1|"s1n*"c!a-

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#f 8" #bb g:" l!"c("h:"

        ,The ,Play ,That ,Will ,Not ,Be
,Named
        o/"nz1i3'b/'l(`d!a88n>"b/'k|"00

  by ,Marcus ,Maurice
  ,Thespians believe the bad luck has
plagued performances throughout its
history4
  h&"k}'kw'k|"d!ac*"i:`2e*"k|"t`~1e.'
e?"2!"4"*'a:1ks'bv1a!akw'k|"d!at`b/'-

  ,Shakespeare's ,Macbeth is one of the
most famous and well-loved plays that
have ever been written4 ,It tells the
story of a man named ,Macbeth meeting
three witches who tell him he will
become the ,King of ,Scotland4 ,Macbeth
is consumed by this 7#a7 and soon
murders ,King ,Duncan with his wife1
,Lady ,Macbeth4 ,He is then 7#b7 guilt
and has to commit more murders to stay
in power4 ,Overall1 the tragic story of
a man who is destroyed by his own
ambitions is quite intriguing1 but there
is a secret about the play that is
largely 7#c7 to people outside theater4
  ,A lot of actors and actresses refuse
to say the name of this play4 ,Instead1
they call it 8the ,Scottish play0
because it is thought to be 7#d74
,Supposedly1 the witches who inspired
,Shakespeare to write the play were
upset about their portrayal1 so they put
a 7n7 7#e7 spell on the play4 ,Over the
years1 people involved with putting on
the play have met with some accidents or
even tragedies4 ,One extreme example of
this would be in #ahdi when a riot 7#f7
at a performance and #bb people were
killed4 ,Many actors and actresses have
fallen off the stage while performing
the ,Scottish play in other instances4
,Another reason many people in the
industry loathe ,Macbeth is 7#g7 it was
usually a popular replacement play for
ones that were not doing too well4 ,This
meant that as soon as someone mentioned
,Macbeth1 people working in the theater
were likely to lose their jobs4

  #a4 7,A7 tendency 7,B7 intimacy
7,C7 literacy 7,D7 prophecy
  #b4 7,A7 filled with 7,B7 drenched by
7,C7 hooked on 7,D7 distinguished for
  #c4 7,A7 attached 7,B7 resistant
7,C7 akin 7,D7 unknown
  #d4 7,A7 safeguarded 7,B7 cursed
7,C7 obeyed 7,D7 refined
  #e4 7,A7 fleeting 7,B7 eternal
7,C7 cordial 7,D7 fertile
  #f4 7,A7 figured out 7,B7 set out
7,C7 broke out 7,D7 put out
  #g4 7,A7 where 7,B7 that 7,C7 which
7,D7 what
          33333333333333333333

  i>'i:"o*`)`d!a{m>`l!"ow1o i:"s`i:`*`
cw1o0"e+`b/'d!ah$"a:'my1j+`h$"i("e*`w"
d!ak|"ou`a:'*'- kw'k|"ou`k.`i/"*'$"my1
k{"m>`l!"ow1d!anv1h:`|"kt"c!aev'my1n|`
/'2n|`/'ku'f>'i3'f>'k.'bz1$1e/'k!1cv1k31
_1d!ak/"i:"- m>`l!"ow1o0"a!"d%"|"t1k0`
b&'r='f(12o/"ks`ot"|`f>'d!aj*'h:am>`l!"
ow1q/'gu1*'f&1m(1i>'dz"lu`k31_1- f>'e$1
r("b&'mv`l$"ks"2j+`o/"d!1o/"qv"e)"kz"d3'
d!am(1i>'v"cw1k*"e|"ax`j~1- az`f*`:1t12
a!"k!"k.`i/"*'my1nv1h:`?'h:"iu'+`e?':1
o0"j$'r$`d{"d!ao0'k|"ey"k/"i:"e.'dx'e*'
?`gu12dv"s`*'k!"k}'|1kw'k|"ou`d!am*"m*"
i:"e*"k|"j~'7"d!agu1d3'ov"$"jz1fy'=1d!a-
  e|`d3'nv1n|`t`~1d('k|"k81i3'b/'a!"o/"
k|"ou`d!amy1bz'- ?'$"d>"k)'d('gu"$1kw'
k|"i("d%"c!ah/`a("2j|`:1dw"a:'2f>'mu1bz'
f>'$188e/'k!1cv1e*"k|"00- k|"i3'2n>"e+'
j*`q>'i>'i:"o*`)`a}"e+`b/'a!"o/"k|"ou`
d!an|`/'d$"k|"a&'s`k}'f>'mu1d!am{1i/"kv`
d%"o/"8"2?'j:`f>'mu1ot"d$"kw'k|"ou`e)"
c!a6`rz1d!am<1a("- d3'nt1cw12|`ix"t`kw'
k|"m>`e.'k}'d!agu1o/"d}"h%'|"m(`e+'*"7"
r3"iu"a:"o0'k|"- #ahdi nt12dx'i:1hw"e/'
k!1cv1e*"k|"t`b/'i:1e3`q>'iz'd!a*'bx`o%"
d&"h%"bz1:"i:1:"gu1iu'_12a!"d>"kw"ks"i:"
j*1a&'*'k!"k*1d}'d!ac*"h:ac!a- j*1f>'jy1
l_"e)"2e|`d3'nv1n|`t`~1d('hw"o{`t`a!"b/'
e/'k!1cv1e*"k|"i:1d+1c3"/`fw1- hw"+"k+"2
e|`d3'gu1t"/"{m>`l!"ow1o d!acy"*'e."c*`
s1ks"i:"2ks"n>"e+'o/"i("r%`py1d!ae*"k|"
cw1i3'2f>'f&'bx1i:"*'k!"i("r}'y1d!af*"
dw"k|"m>`- a!"*"$"a!a*'dv"s`gu1f*1k*1
{m>`l!"ow1o2n>"e+'hw"k|"bx`k&'h3"d!agu1
ot"l!`nz1{"ds'qv"}`c!a{ot'v"33j:`b/"s`
c.`a&`*"e:'2*'$1~1ou`hw"o/"i("r%`py1d!a
e*"k|"a&'t`b/'d!at`~1l!`nz1r$"?'$"kz'r}"
k|"ou`:1i:'j|"t`b/'k*'r$";:"$1f&'bx1jw1
/"q>'iz'$1k*'d!ak|"bx`d/'r$"ix"t`{m>`l!"
ow1o2?'$"a!"o/"i("r}'y1d!ak|"m>`dw"o{`
k|"bx`k.'r$"i:"h3"/1e|'e*1d!ao%`az"2e3`
*`bx1ks`e)"cw1+"k+"r$"k.'{m>`l!"ow1o |`
jw1/"$1k*'ct1e.`hw"*'l7"-o-

  d>1v"33
  #a4 ,D #b4 ,A #c4 ,D #d4 ,B #e4 ,B
#f4 ,C #g4 ,B
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  99thespian n4 {e*"k|"o t`~1
  99spell n4 m<1a("2a("|`
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 in power ax`j~1d!a;a:1az"d!a
  ,The party in power soon learned what
it was like to be on the receiving end
of political satire4
  kw'a:1az"dx`ru`l7"ks"bx1d%"c!ah%'i("
az"a:"qz"j:"d!ah:'$"-
  99be on/ at the receiving end of sth
h%'i("2mz1i(""""{o/"|1l7"d!ai:"jy1o
  satire n4 qz"j:"2k*'qz"
  #b4 refuse to ,V k|"k81h3""""
  ,Samantha refuses to let her parents
control everything she does4
  i>'mv"iv'k|"k81gx"f>'d!aq/"m/`l&"a:"
f>'h3"d!am0`kt"i:"-
  #c4 be upset about''' d$""""kv`d%"o/"
k%'ey"
  upset a4 iz'j*"d!a2l/`n%`d!a
  ,Anastasia is upset about her son's
laziness4
  v'n>"f>`e*')`d$"|1:1h:ad!acv`d3"ru`o/"
k%'ey"-
  #d4 put on''' ix"t`{e*"k|"o2o{`t`{k+1
m/"o
  ,At the end of the year1 the drama
club puts on a play for the entire
school4
  kw'e*"k|"i!"hw"nt1d*`r$"$"j~1e{"t`*'
b/'r9"k|"-
  #e4 fall off 7'''7 {j&1"""d+1e)"cw1
  ,David fell off the ladder4
,Fortunately1 he wasn't hurt4
  d>"$"j&1f*'h:aix"i7'e)"cw1- ey"r%`2f>'
m01i("ix'-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 plague vt4 ks'bv12l="g%`2a!1m<1
  ,Headaches plague people with highly
stressful jobs4
  f(1f&"iu'iu'l="g%`a!ak&'h3")'c*"d>"d!a
gu1-
  #b4 consume vt4 e{'r%";b:'2r!'
  t`33 be consumed by''' o0""""b&'r='f(1
  ,The bride was so consumed by the
details of her wedding that she forgot
to attend it4
  n>"e?'n.1o0"r='c*`d!ae*"k+1k0`b&'r='
f(12k+1k3`ky"_"c!ab/'e*1f>'d!ar='c*`-
  ,If you consume fast food on a daily
basis1 you will gain weight4
  g/1k3`m0`ft'b:'e/"i:12n*`ks"r$"q>'px"-
  #c4 ambition n4 +`e?';o%"q/"
  ,We welcome young people full of
ambition and determination to apply for
this job4
  3`mu1r}'y1b&'mv`o%"q/"k*1k81e?'d!ant1
jy'gu1cw1y"az'a!"qu"k&'h3"-
  #d4 intriguing a4 s`j|"d!a2cy"gu1r%"
j*1d!a
  ,This magazine always has many
intriguing articles4
  a!"ou`h>1a:"h&`i:"s`e|`d3'?`gu1g/"iz"
d!a=1ax'-
  #e4 supposedly adv4 k|"i3'2*'ov'e.'e?"
  t`33 supposed a4 k)`dy"d!a;o0"gu"$1d!a
7supposed h:"$` ed q>'?'$1 d' dv"
supposedly h!1e|'k.' ed a&'d!a e *'j*`
q>'?'$1 ,Id47
  ,Susan is supposedly working as a
model1 but ,I don't believe her4
  k|"i3'e/'iv'hw"dx'm<1f!":12dv"3`o/"e.'
e?"-
  ,We are not supposed to wear jeans at
such a formal meeting4
  3`mu1o/"y'kw'hw"a!"m!aaz"i:"d!ar$"*"
ix"b}'a31ns1h:`l/"-
  #f4 portrayal n4 m{1i/";i:"t`
  t`33 portray vt4 ov"t`2i:"t`
  ,The film is an accurate portrayal of
that athlete's life4
  a!"o/"dt"y`g/1i:1m{1r$"kw'4"d&"~1d!a*'
iz'-
  ,The talented actress portrayed a
secret agent in her last movie4
  a!"$"jw1r91.1*"d!an|`t`~1hw"ix"*'o/"
dt"y`a&'i:"t`*'my1f!"/"-
  #g4 tragedy n4 o0'k|";jv`v"
  ,Frank watched the tragedy being
played out before him and didn't do
anything4
  q>`cv1l!"lv"a!ao0'k|"hw"h:"k*`t`jt1ix"
t`j8"es"i(`px1k}'-
  #h4 riot n4 o%"d&"
  ,It took #bjj policemen to put down
the riot4
  a!"bx`o%"d&"d&"6"c!ac.`ow`my1~1ky`jw1
au")'e)"cw1-
  99put down''' au")'{pv"c}"2o%"d&"o
  .k suppress vt4
  #i4 instance n4 jy1l_"2c*"h:a
  t`33 for instance c*"g/1 7.k for
example7
  ,There are many ways to celebrate your
birthday4 ,For instance1 you can go to a
fancy restaurant4
  jy"a/"iz'g:"d!aqx'q>`s`ru`d3'a&`- k|`
c*"cw1i3'2n*`l!`*`d%"k%'k*1jv'fy'b:'qv"-
  #aj4 loathe vt4 t"/"2hz'ru"
  t`33 loathe ,N/ ,V-ing t"/"{h3"o"""
  ,Vince loathed going to his mother-in-
law's house4
  =1e:'ru`f%`t"j|"f>'8"m/`k)'-
          33333333333333333333

    &~1cw1g/1j:`y
  #a4 ,Macbeth is consumed by this
prophecy and soon murders ,King ,Duncan
with his wife1 ,Lady ,Macbeth4
  m>`l!"ow1o0"a!"d%"|"t1k0`b&'r='f(12o/"
ks`ot"|`f>'d!aj*'h:am>`l!"ow1q/'gu1*'f&1
m(1i>'dz"lu`k31_1-
  c*`s133
  a4 7,A7 tendency n4 j|'i:"
  t`33 have a tendency to ,V s`"""d!ajy'
e."
  ,Sandy has a tendency to stutter when
she is nervous4
  iv'd*"k?`ax'd!ai:1r("s`l(`k*1d!ajy'
e."-
  99stutter vi4 & n4 k+'o>'2l(`k*1
  7,B7 intimacy n4 j?'m*"
  ,The intimacy between the couple has
grown dramatically over the past few
months4
  a!"d$"jy1c|`kt'd!aj?'m*"kv`hw"k3"j|"
k*`k!"8"n0"e4"e/"hz'='-
  7,C7 literacy n4 i:"h:"c*"2d/1e+`nz1
c*"
  ,Nepal is one of the poorest countries
in the world1 with a literacy rate below
#ej`04
  n*1o<1:`i:"i:"ix"h$"p?1j61d!ak31k)'a:'
*'2j*1k31m?1i:"h:"c|"d*'|1 #ej`04
  7,D7 prophecy n4 |"t1
  t`33 fulfill a prophecy |"t1i:1et"
  ,According to ,Greek mythology1 the
prophecy that ,Oedipus would kill his
father and marry his mother was
fulfilled4
  ku'k|"e*'c>"iu1r9"d!ai3'q>`2*'d*`p>"
e:'r$"i:"q/"j|`m/`d!a|"t1i:1et"c!a-
  b4 ku'k|"|`*"2 7,D7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  #b4 ,He is then filled with guilt and
has to commit more murders to stay in
power4
  f>'e$1r("b&'mv`l$"ks"2j+`o/"d!1o/"qv"
e)"kz"d3'd!am(1i>'v"cw1k*"e|"ax`j~1-
  c*`s133
  a4 7,A7 be filled with''' b&'mv`/ a_'
mv`"""
  f&133 be full of'''
  ,I was filled with great joy when my
daughter was born4
  3`n|`:1b/'iz'i:123`e?'a&'b&'mv`c!ae*`
8"-
  7,B7 be drenched by''' o0""""c?1i:'
  t`33 drench vt4 i:`i:'f("
  ,Nina was drenched by the sudden
downpour4
  n*1n>"o0"n>"bx`f/1gv1e)"d!ajy'pu1d>"|`
c?1d!ai:'f("-
  7,C7 be hooked on''' d$"{d/1p?`dz`o
ix"?`;m*1ix""""
  ,Hebe was hooked on comic books at a
young age and collected thousands of
them4
  e*'o*"nt1jy'i:1ru`m*1mv"r9"i/'2rw1i('
k*1c!ar%`k*`jt'ou`-
  7,D7 be distinguished for''' ?'""":1
b/'my1
  ,Jay is distinguished for his
knowledge of classical ,Taiwanese
literature4
  >'k+1*`j*1d$"ky'dt`fw1}'=1e81d!aa:'i:"
:1e.`s`iz"my1-
  b4 ku'k|"|`*"2 7,A7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  #c4 ,Overall1 the tragic story of a
man who is destroyed by his own
ambitions is quite intriguing1 but there
is a secret about the play that is
largely unknown to people outside
theater4
  az`f*`:1t12a!"k!"k.`i/"*'my1nv1h:`?'
h:"iu'+`e?':1o0"j$'r$`d{"d!ao0'k|"ey"k/"
i:"e.'dx'e*'?`gu12dv"s`*'k!"k}'|1kw'k|"
ou`d!am*"m*"i:"e*"k|"j~'7"d!agu1d3'ov"$"
jz1fy'=1d!a-
  c*`s133
  a4 7,A7 be attached to''' q/"a31hw"/
ct1k+'hw""""ix"
  attach vt4 q/"ix";ct1ix"
  ,There was a trailer attached to the
back of the truck4
  a!"c."l>`b!'r("mt"ct1k+1a!a*'c."f3'
b!'-
  7,B7 be resistant to''' d$""""s`d*`lx"
c*"
  resistant a4 s`d*`lx"c*"d!a
  ,The designer jacket is resistant to
water4
  a!"kt"my1pw1k)1l!"nz1k("qx1i$`-
  7,C7 be akin to''' |`"""c0"e:"
  akin a4 e.'e:"d!a;s`j?'j*'k}'e*"d!a
  ,Luke's views on art are akin to mine4
  c/"l!"d$"*"i/"d!alv"q>`|`3`e.'e:"-
  7,D7 be unknown to''' d$""""cw1i3'i:"
$"a:'d!a
  ,The reason why ,Kate was punished is
unknown to us4
  lw`f!"i("bz1q>1d!a~1?'3`mu1d('o/"a:'
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  7,B7 curse vt4 h/`a("
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were upset about their portrayal1 so
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  7,D7 fertile a4 q013"d!a
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q(`q013"-
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ones that were not doing too well4
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#f 8" #bc g:" e?'d3'*"

  ,,NEW ,,TOEIC e?'d3'*"m<1n*`i:"f*1k&'
c8"
        ,Part #e ,Incomplete ,Sentences

  ,Directions3 ,A word or phrase is
missing in each of the sentences below4
,Four answer choices are given below
each sentence4 ,Select the best answer
to complete the sentence4 ,Then mark the
letter 7,A71 7,B71 7,C71 or 7,D7 on your
answer sheet4
  #a4 ,Only after we sign up a few more
clients ---- of employing some extra
staff4
  7,A7 can think we 7,B7 we can think
7,C7 we think can 7,D7 can we think
  #b4 ,Mr4 ,Thompson suggested that this
year's profits be divided up ---- the
shareholders and the company staff4
  7,A7 between 7,B7 from 7,C7 within
7,D7 either
  #c4 ,Guests at the ,Lakeside ,Hotel
are advised to remember ---- all their
possessions with them before they check
out of their rooms4
  7,A7 taking 7,B7 to take 7,C7 take
7,D7 taken
  #d4 ,A number of the audience
members ---- not convinced about the
statistics
quoted in the presentation4
  7,A7 does 7,B7 do 7,C7 was 7,D7 were

  d>1v"33
  #a4 ,D #b4 ,A #c4 ,B #d4 ,D
          33333333333333333333

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her friends4 33o ,Only when ,Mandy is
with her friends is she happy4
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hw"k.'d&"j:1kw`$1~1ey1d&"j:1-
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after ,Charles arrived4 33o ,Only after
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lot more fun4
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m0`ey'j*1:"jt1dz'k*"-
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jw`e)"c+"k|"k("33
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to check again4
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kt`b>1-
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to invest in wireless technology4
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l!'k*"-
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i/"o
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6"d!ai/"k|"-
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sure1 jw`e)"c+"6"q>`33
  be convinced that''' e.'e?""""
  be convinced about''' e.'e?"s`k}'"""
  ,All of us were convinced that ,Mr4
,Smith was lying during the press
conference4
  3`mu1j~1d('e.'e?"k*"a!`r$"i:1i:`m*"e:'
et'iz'hw"i3'r_`-
  ,I am convinced about the accuracy of
the report4
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  d!1a:'l&"k!1n0"y'a:" be d&"j:12k/"o/"
l!`e~` 7,A71 7,B7 e."-
  b4 a/`j:1$1 ,A number of the audience
members {*'e+'k}'a&"o $1q/"i/"my1j:1-
l!`a:' 7,D7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  c4 8a number of+ q/"i/"my1j:10 o{`88*'
e+'"""002kw'q/"i/"my1j:1jw1i:"au'az"d!a
a/`j:1-
  ,A number of people were injured in
the horrible accident4
  s`e+'gu1hw"l!`p>"d!a*"7"a&'i("ix'c!a-
  8the number of+ q/"i/"my1j:10 o{`88"""
d!ai/"c."002 the number jw1i:"au'az"d!a
a/`j:1-
  ,The number of motorcycles in this
city increases every year4
  kw'bz1i:"a&'k*'b!'d!ai/"c."a/1nt1ix"
iz'-
  j*1f>'a&"dt`33
  a4 statistic n4 f&`k*"i/"h:"{bx16"q/"
i/"o
  b4 quote vt4 ?`6"
  t`33 quote sb as saying ?`6"m(`gu1d!a
r9"
  ,The reporter quoted the ,,CEO as
saying that a layoff of employees was
necessary4
  kw'k*"a!`?`6"n>"my1a:1ey1ax`d!ar9"i3'2
jw1~1i:"hw"o*"ey1-
  99layoff n4 jw1~12k+`k/"

  e)"j*1|"k%"33 ,Part #f ,Text
,Completion

ggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#f 8" #bd g:"8"d/1{j!"t"o

        ,Bamboo's ,Rich ,Connection to
,Taiwan
        fw1}'a/1ot'*"i/"
  o*`k{" 8innovative0 |` 8renovate0 d!a
6"q>`

  by ,Brian ,Foden & ,Bruce ,E4 ,Bagnell
  ,Taiwan's 8bamboo culture0 dates back
centuries4
  fw1}'d!aa/1h:a=1r9"l!`a$'e/"h:"r%`k*`
i:"k*"jt1-

  ,Bamboo has long played an important
role in the nation's economy1 artistic
world1 and culture4 ,In the not-so-
distant past1 the woody plant was
intricately connected to the everyday
lives of the people of this island4 ,It
has been used to make woven furniture2
musical instruments such as flutes2
children's toys2 and it has even been
used for making ghost offerings for
burning1 for example4 ,Indeed1 the list
of practical1 artistic1 and culturally
significant items that bamboo has been
used for in ,Taiwan is nearly endless4
,In fact1 bamboo was something of great
value long before the arrival of the
,Han ,Chinese in the #afjjs4 ,Before
that time1 aboriginal people had been
using the plant for material to make
houses1 shrines1 fish traps1 storage
containers1 and for a multitude of other
uses4 ,Much later1 during the latter
half of the #bjth century1 the
government promoted the use of bamboo in
manufacturing bamboo products and
handicrafts to help expand the nation's
economy4
  ,The development of newer1 competing
materials eventually led to a decline in
bamboo's economic importance to ,Taiwan4
,However1 the artistic and cultural
significance of the plant has remained
strong4 ,Building on the past traditions
of bamboo handicrafts1 contemporary
artists also employ innovative methods
to come up with pieces that display
excellent artistic ability as well as
craftsmanship4 ,One example of this is
the art of making basket lacquer-ware1
in which a lacquer is painted on bamboo
to strengthen it and change the texture
and look of it1 providing a different
flavor to bamboo art in ,Taiwan4 ,In
general1 improved paints and tools1 and
a greater level of skill in making
bamboo art have raised the quality of
what is produced over the years4
          33333333333333333333

  bx1ks`*`cw12a/1h:ahw"ou`k31d!aky'k*",
*"i/"k+"|`=1r9"a&'d('ov"t`a!aa&"{"d!ak81
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a:1/"|`a!"h3"d%`ix"gu1m?1d!ag:"bx1iz'r31
e*1e*1e.'k}'- k|`c*"cw1i3'2a/1h:ao0"6"
cw1a:"h3"ot'a:'d!ak)'k|",d*1h:aa:'c0"d!a
8"j*",:1f&1}1k|"2:1j+`iu"a:"rw1o0"n>1cw1
a:"h3"qu1i%'6"d!amy1h:'- d*1j8"26"a/1h:a
h3"bz1i:16"d!a,q/"s`*"i/"ey"j+`k|"s`=1
r9"e."az'*"*"d!a/"p?`my1dv'hw"fw1}'k*'
r/'/1j61/1k?"- i:"i:1ix"2a/1h:ah%`hw"rv"
gu1|1i:1j*'i:"k*"d%"cw1a:'jt1ks"*`k|"s`
k*1k%'d!ak)"a:1- hw"n>"k!"i:1dw"a:'jt12
~1a/"m?1*`ky'k.'a!"a&`a:1/"dx'h3"kt"h%"
qx1/',iu1fv1,o/`|1j*",b/1jx1g&1j*"d!ajw1
c{"*`k*16"hw"j*1f>'a/'d3'6"f/1ix"- kz"}`
*`r("2hw":"i:1i:"k*"r("ov"+"2az"q/`f*1
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r9"*"*"i:`a&'o%`b:1j.1i:"- dx'dw"*"i/"
k)'*`k3"j|"a/1a:"i(`k&'*"p?`d!ab}1f&`$1
k*'b/`2f>'mu1+`4"6"b_"e?'d!aqx'i:"cw1e.`
b/'nz1et`c/"a318"*"i/"k*"j{`|`ky'a:"k&'
*"d!ah3"p?`- j*1a&'*'k!"a!"."d!ac*"h:a
ks"i:"a:"h3"j*'j*"{ot'v"33*'a&`6"iz'j*'
f/1q/'hw"j*"/"fw'f*`o{`mt"h3"$1o%`r/"m<"
a:"bz1d!ak&'*"p?`r3"iz'r316"p?`-o f*1cv1
d!a*"i/"2iz'j*'r$"o0"f/1hw"a/1h:aix"*`
j.1r9"a/1h:aoy"kw`ot"j*1a:1d*"|`7"k}'2
f>'$"fw1}'d!aa/1h:a*"i/"f*1k&'c!ao/"f&1
d!aqz'k!1- *'ov':1t12kw`c.1r("d!af/1c{"
|`k&'k|"*`k*1hw"b_"h3"a/1a:"*"p?`i:1kz"
k%'jz1j:"d!ak*"j{`*`ky'f*1iz'c!aa!"e+'
nt1cw1e3`iz'bv`a/1a:"p?`d!ap?`a:1-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  99intricately adv4 q/"h>1ky'e*"d!a
  99woven a4 ot'a:'d!a
  99flute n4 d*1h:a2bx1d*1
  99aboriginal a4 ~1a/"m?1d!a
  99shrine n4 iu1fv1
  99storage n4 b/1jx1
  99container n4 g&1j*"
  99handicraft n4 i(`k&'*"p?`
  99craftsmanship n4 k&'*";k*"j{`
  99lacquer-ware n4 j*'j*"
  99texture n4 a:1d*";k+1k("
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 date back+ i:1kt' a$'e/"a:"""" {*'
d}"i:1kt'o jt1
  t`33 date back to+ i:1kt' a$'e/"a:""""
{i:1kt'o
  ,Those paintings date back #ejj years4
  n>"e+'r9"h3"l!`a$'e/"a:"/`ow`nt1jt1-
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,Dynasty4
  a!"a:`r9'py1l!`a$'e/"a:"fx1b%1-
  #b4 a multitude of''' a&"d3'/ e|`
d3'"""
  ,The scientists encountered a
multitude of problems while carrying out
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  #d4 come up with''' e.`b/'"""{a/`*",
dt`h:adz`o
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her latest art work4
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  f&133 by and large
  .k on the whole
  ,In general1 my new job is challenging
and very exciting4
  h&`f*`ix"23`d!ae?'k&'h3"ru`s`f{`av"
ey"2:1j+`q0'bx1j:"k*'-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,Building on the past traditions of
bamboo handicrafts1 contemporary artists
also employ innovative methods to come
up with'''
  a/"*"
  innovative a4 b_"e?'d!a
  t`33 innovate vi4 & vt4 k!1e?'2b_"e?'
  ,Rachel's innovative photography won
her worldwide acclaim4
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i:"k+"d!ahv"|"-
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it wants to stay competitive4
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d0`b_"e?'-
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e:'2 in s` into a:'*"2:1 ate h!1i:"d&"
j:1h:"$`2k+1r!1ix"i/"ev'a!`ks"i:"o>`e?'
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88hw"j:"r$1d%"e?'d!aa_"fw"002e3`*`i:"
88kz'e?',qv'es',az`es'00-
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will be closed until the end of the
year4
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d%"nt1d*`jw1r$"lw'qx"-

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f*1~1k|"oy"h3"o/"qu"iv'kt`o
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their old beach house4 &#ajd nt1a:`l%`y
  7,A7 renovated 7,B7 renovating
7,C7 innovating 7,D7 innovated

  d>1v"33 ,B
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 bamboo n4 a/1h:a
  #b4 connection n4 k}'ct12k}'e*"
  ,There are close trade connections
between these two countries4
  a!"c.`k31a:'kt's`m*"j+"d!am%"*"_`cw1
k}'e*"-
  #c4 artistic a4 q/"s`*"i/"ey"d!a;$1m0`
d!a
  ,Jean ,Paul ,Gaultier's artistic
ability began to shine when he was quite
young4
  ix"o%`c31-k%'f*1+'d!a*"i/"jw1nz1hw"f>'
nt1k*"jy'jy'i:1ks"*`lw'i:`av`c/"-
  #d4 practical a4 i:16"d!a2i:1k*"d!a
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practical because it will cost too much
money4
  3`gu"$"n*`d!ak+`k81ov"q>`oy"o/"i:1k*"2
?'$"n>"r$"r9'fw"d3'jt1-
  #e4 endless a4 /1j61k?"d!a2o/"d}"d!a
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material4
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  t`33 promotion n4 f$'e{'2j/"e{'
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promoted its sales by offering a
discount4
  r>'c3"d!1ow`r3"k&'e:'$"c!aj/"e{':1d>`
a!1-
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store is holding its annual spring
clothing promotion4
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b='a_'d!aj/"e{'r31d&"-
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  ,The man was arrested by the police
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qx'dw"o/`-
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room for a swimming pool4
  c%`m>'o>`r("~"l3"hz'2r%`n31b/'l&'kt'
cw1kw"s16`b:1-
  ,The expansion of this highway on
,Green ,Island poses a threat to the
island's ecosystem4
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  ,In the author's preface1 she lamented
the decline of moral standards in modern
society4
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dw"i!"r$"d%"d!1o{'a=`d!ai7'c3"-
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  ,Bill's business has declined over the
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e)"r91-
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my1j:1r3"ey1g&1j:1h3"a/`j:1o/`|`o
  ,Though ,Jen and ,Wang are divorced1
they still remain friends4
  e$'gv1>'au'k+`r!1c%`_1c*1r='c!a2dv"f>'
mu1gz1gv1s`r%`-
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  ,This exhibition features the
paintings of many contemporary artists4
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r9"h3"$1f!"e!"-
  #ac4 employ vt4 4"6"
  ,The race car driver employed all his
skills to win the race4
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d!1o*`ew"-
  #ad4 method n4 qx'q>`
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  ,Doctors generally display their
certificates on the walls of their
offices4
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hw"au`e3`d!aj.1ix"-
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k/"
  ,You may watch ,,TV#e,Monde to
strengthen your ,French listening
skills4
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gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#f 8" #be g:" 8"d/1{j!"t"o

        ,Bamboo's ,Rich ,Connection to
,Taiwan
        fw1}'a/1ot'*"i/"
  o*`k{" 8consist of'''0 |` 8consist
in'''0 d!a6"q>`

  ,Among the many contemporary artists
who use bamboo with exquisite artistic
ability and craftsmanship is ,Wang ,Wen-
chih4 ,Born in the mountains of ,Chiayi
,County in #aiei1 ,Wang was used to
seeing bamboo in his immediate
environment4 ,He learned the
hand-weaving techniques traditional
bamboo craftsmen used to create their
own impressive art pieces4 ,Claiming he
8puts what he knows into contemporary
art10 this graduate of ,Chinese ,Culture
,University displays his love for the
natural world where he was raised4
,Because he grew up with bamboo in his
native ,Chiayi1 he was inspired by the
height1 strength1 and flexibility of
this woody grass4
  ,There is no better example of this
inspiration than his work entitled
,Woven ,Sky4 ,Built for the #bjac--#bjad
,Woodford ,Folk ,Festival in ,Australia1
this massive creation consists of a
#ae-meter-high central dome with two
hollow arms projecting outward to a
distance of #ajj meters4 ,The bamboo
construction served as an entrance point
to the amphitheater stage of the
festival4 ,Forty workers and volunteers
labored for three weeks using only local
bamboo and pine logs to finish the
walk-through structure4
  ,In ,Japan1 ,Wang was asked in both
#bjaj and #bjac to design a countryside
home made of bamboo4 ,First with his
,House of ,Shodoshima and two years
later his ,Light of ,Shodoshima1 ,Wang
showed not only his artistic talent but
his practical bent4 ,These domed
structures1 complete with
bamboo-enclosed walkways leading into
and exiting from them1 showed how useful
a material bamboo can be4 ,Having won
awards in ,France1 ,Croatia1 ,Australia1
,Japan1 and ,Canada1 ,Wang ,Wen-chih has
shown the world the power and beauty of
his art with his beloved bamboo4

  #a4 ,How did bamboo play an important
role in ,Taiwan's growing economy8
  7,A7 ,The government employed many
aboriginal people familiar with its
uses4
  7,B7 ,The government encouraged its
use in manufactured products4
  7,C7 ,Only bamboo could be used in
many daily use products4
  7,D7 ,The more money people had1 the
more bamboo products they bought4
  #b4 ,According to the article1 what
contributed to the decrease in the use
of bamboo in ,Taiwan8
  7,A7 ,Bamboo became increasingly rare
as a natural resource4
  7,B7 ,Bamboo exports increased
significantly1 leaving less of it in
,Taiwan4
  7,C7 ,More and more artificial
materials available slowly replaced
bamboo4
  7,D7 ,Aboriginal ,Taiwanese stopped
using bamboo in their daily lives4
  #c4 ,How did ,Wang ,Wen-chih come to
use bamboo in his art pieces8
  7,A7 ,It is a plentiful and natural
material4
  7,B7 ,Its low cost makes it a favored
material in art4
  7,C7 ,He was impressed with the bamboo
gardens at ,Chinese ,Culture
,University4
  7,D7 ,He was familiar with its uses
from his childhood4
  #d4 ,According to the article1 which
of the following statements is true8
  7,A7 ,The ,Shodoshima homes and ,Woven
,Sky all feature domes4
  7,B7 ,House of ,Shodoshima and ,Light
of ,Shodoshima were made with different
materials4
  7,C7 ,Both ,House of ,Shodoshima and
,Woven ,Sky were built in ,Taiwan4
  7,D7 ,The bamboo used to build ,Woven
,Sky was exported from ,Taiwan to
,Australia4
          33333333333333333333

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    8,Words to know0
  99exquisite a4 e*"n*"d!a
  99dome n4 ~1dy`kt"a/1;~1/'dy`;k&`dy`
  99hollow a4 a&'l&'d!a
  99arm n4 i(`o*";/`j*"{rz16"q/"i/"2o/"
l!`i/"o
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  take up arms n>1j*`/`j*"
  99outward adv4 e."7"d!a
  99amphitheater n4 {~1ey1o c/"ft'k|"bx`
  99labor vi4 r%"q0"{i:1kt"r3"f*`c*"o2
l/`kv"2c%1d&"
  99pine n4 e&'i/"
  99log n4 ~1m/"{l!`i/"o
  99bent n4 f!"bx1
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
   #a4 be used to ,N/ ,V-ing e*1k}"|1"""
  f&133 be accustomed to ,N/ ,V-ing
  t`33 get used to ,N/ ,V-ing kt"kt"e*1
k}"|1"""
  .k get accustomed to ,N/ ,V-ing
  ,Ivy is used to driving to work
because she had to do it when she lived
in ,New ,York4
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h3"-
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countryside4
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  f&133 act as'''
  ,This book can serve as a guide to
help you learn how to cook4
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pz'gu"d!aa:`nv1-
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d%`a:""""
  ,Years of drinking contributed to
,Belle's failing liver4
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nz1i7'f$"-
  99liver n4 kv'hx"
          33333333333333333333

    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  '''this massive creation consists of a
#ae-meter-high central dome with two
hollow arms projecting outward to a
distance of #ajj meters4
  a/"*"
  consist of''' s1"""h/`bz1;o%'k9'"""
  f&133 be made up of'''
  .k be composed of'''
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salts and other minerals4
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l_"/"a:1-
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  f&133 lie in'''
  ,The beauty of ,Mark ,Twain's writing
consists in its honesty4
  m>`l!"-f/`='d!a=1h:"a:'m0`hw"|1j*1au'
bz1-

  c*"k+"l%`f*1{l%`k/`f*1~1h:"c*"nt1l%`
f*1~1k|"oy"h3"o/"qu"iv'kt`o
  ,The problem ---- deciding where to
draw the line4 &#ajb nt1a:`l%`y
  7,A7 consists of 7,B7 is made up of
7,C7 is composed of 7,D7 lies in

  d>1v"33 ,D
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 technique n4 k*"j{`;k*"i/"
  t`33 technical a4 k*"i/"d!a
  ,The ,Taiwanese artist ,Luo-ke ,Chen
was highly acclaimed for his painting
techniques4
  fw1}'*"i/"k)'bu1c31l!"d!ar$"r9"k*"j{`
i("d%"k%'d/"hv".1-
  99acclaim vt4 bz'hv"
  ,My sister studied auto repair at a
technical school in ,Taichung4
  3`m0"m0"hw"fw1a&'*'e3`k*"i/"e81e{"c*`
e81j*"b!'es'c*`-
  #b4 impressive a4 cy"gu1?"e."iu'l!"d!a
  ,The government's response to the
typhoon was rather impressive4
  az"q/`d$"a!"bx`fw1qz'd!a?'y"d$"j!"e.'
dx'cy"gu1?"e."iu'l!"-
  #c4 claim vt4 & n4 a/`ax'2iz'bz'
  t`33 one's claim to fame gx"m(`gu1/
m(`d*"b/'my1d!a~1?'
  ,The strange man claimed that he had
been kidnapped by aliens before4
  n>"my1j*1k7"d!anv1h:`iz'bz'h:"k*`a:'
jt1jz1h%'7"ey'gu1ox`k)"-
  ,The town's only claim to fame is its
#cjj-year-old haunted house4
  $1*'gx"n>"k!"e{`au"b/'my1d!a~1?'i:"j*1
s`ev'ow`nt1cw1c*"d!ak$`/'-
  #d4 inspire vt4 k*'q>'2k/`c*";j*`q>'
  t`33 inspire sb to ,V k/`/`/ k*'c*"m(`
gu1{h3"o"""
  inspiration n4 cy1kv`
  ,The old woman inspired me to pursue
my dream of opening my own coffee shop4
  n>"my1c%`q/"gu1k/`c*"3`a$'e41h:"k*`lw'
*'k)'l>'q0'dt"d!amz"e.`-
  ,As a writer1 ,Stanley gathers
inspiration from everyday life4
  iu'$1h3"k)'2i:`dv'c*"j&1g:"bx1iz'r31
a&'k*1j|`cy1kv`-
  #e4 flexibility n4 g(1gu"ey";g(1g}`d/"
  t`33 flexible a4 k|"g(1g}`d/"d!a;s`fv1
ey"d!a
  ,There is not much flexibility in our
schedule4
  3`mu1d!aey1bz1o{`fv1ey"l&'kt'o/"d>"-
  ,After taking ballet for a long time1
,Julie ,Kent's legs are very flexible4
  a/'c*"-lu`f!"bx1j*1e81e*1o>'c0`/`2?'
j:`f>'f$`d!ag(1g}`d/"q0'bx1r%`-
  #f4 entitle vt4 my"my1
  ,The secret work that ,Margaret
,Atwood wrote for the ,Future ,Library
project has been entitled ,Scribbler
,Moon4
  m>`k!1c*"f!"-w"f!"/`$"$"cw1f/1i/'k}`
k*"r9"e3`a}"e+`d!am*"m*"h3"p?`*`o0"my"
my1$1{j%`e+`8"o-
  #g4 massive a4 d>"k$'m<1d!a;k|"d>"d!a
  ,Washington1 ,,DC was in chaos after
the massive snowstorm4
  ky'k3"n>"bx`d>"k$'m<1d!ao%"qz'e8`r("2
r91iz"d="f!"j|'et"g/"*'pt"r=`c}"-
  99be in chaos hw"r=`c}"a&'
  #h4 project vi4 t1iu'2f/1b/' & vt4 f(1
i!"
  ,This device is used to project light
onto the stage4
  a!"k!"i!"o0"o0"6"cw1k.'dz'k_'f(1i!"d%"
n>"h3"/`fw1ix"-
  #i4 construction n4 kt"a/12kt"h%"
  t`33 under construction kt"h%"a&'2i:'
k&'a&'
  ,The road has been under construction
for six months4
  a!"f{1d%"c/"i:'k&'*`ky's`ov"nt1a:'ks`-
  #aj4 structure n4 kt"a/1/"
  ,The government tore down the illegal
structure4
  az"q/`bw'b/1c!an>"d&"$1ax'kt"a/1-
  #aa4 beloved a4 e?'w"d!a2o0"e*`w"d!a
  t`33 be beloved of/ by''' o0""""e3`w"
dw"
  ,The ,Duchess of ,Cambridge is beloved
by the ,British people4
  kt"j{1k&'k81q/'gu1lw`e>"c?1i("d%"y'k31
gu1d!aw"dw"-
  #ab4 encourage vt4 k/`c*";a:'b:1;j/"
k?"
  ,We should encourage young people to
take part in more cultural activities4
  3`mu1y'kw'k/`c*"nt1jy'gu1d3'jv'|"=1r9"
r31d&"-
  #ac4 plentiful a4 qz'q/"d!a2b&'h/1d!a
  ,The farmers are expecting a plentiful
harvest this year4
  a!"e+'n&1q/'mu1j*1_"k?'nt1d!an&1h3"/"
nz1qz'i('-

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

#f 8" #bg g:"=1*"e~`ft1

        ,Beating ,Procrastination
        k|"k81f3't1 y1r$1h:"k*`d!ai:1kt'

  by ,Ivy ,Liu
  ,Do you want to hear a procrastination
joke8 ,I'll tell you later4
  e.`{"fy'*'k!"|`f3't1s`k}'d!ae{"r9"m>ao
3`dw'r$"k%"e/"n*`-

  8,I love deadlines10 ,English author
,Douglas ,Adams once wrote4 8,I love the
whooshing noise they make as they go
by40 ,If you have ever 7#a7 something
urgent1 like a major project or essay1
but found yourself doing something less
important1 like cleaning your room
instead1 you are most certainly a
procrastinator4 ,Piers ,Steel1 a
psychologist at the ,University of
,Calgary and author of ,The
,Procrastination ,Equation1 offers an
7#b71 8,Procrastination is the
difference between what you are doing
and what you should be doing40 ,In fact1
#bj`0 of people identify themselves as
chronic procrastinators who 7#c7 look
for distractions to avoid demanding
tasks4
  ,Unfortunately1 poor health and less
success are often 7#d7 to chronic
procrastination4 ,It doesn't help that
the number of 7#e7 grows every day4
,They also 7#f7 themselves by falsely
believing that being under pressure will
create a burst of creativity1 or that
they will have more energy to tackle
their tasks the next day4 ,A few of the
reasons 7#g7 people procrastinate are
the fear of failure1 not being in the
mood to do the work1 and avoiding the
unpleasantness of the activity4
  ,However1 there are ways to remedy the
urge to procrastinate4 ,In ,Steel's
book1 time management is the 7#h7 to
fighting the habit of dragging one's
feet4 ,Another solution is convincing
yourself to do something for five
minutes and then stop4 ,That way1 once
you begin the task1 you can 7#i7 the
momentum of doing it until completion4
,When facing a daunting task1 such as
cleaning the toilet1 try to think of a
7#aj7 for yourself when you finish it4
,Fear and procrastination are the silent
killers of success and dreams1 but with
enough effort1 you can rise above and
overcome them4 ,Now1 quit stalling6

  7,A7 purposely 7,B7 key 7,C7 worldwide
7,D7 linked 7,E7 hence 7,F7 reward
7,G7 distractions 7,H7 carry on
7,I7 deceive 7,J7 put off 7,K7 why
7,L7 explanation
          33333333333333333333

  y'k31h3"k)'d%"k!1c>'e:'-)`dx'e:'jz1e+`
d%"33883`e*`w"k+1k%`g:"- 3`e*`r}'f>'mu1
q0'i:":1k3"i:1e3`q>'b/'d!ar/'e{"iz'-00
g/1k3`n*`jz1ky'f3't1m(`e+'e."i:"a&"d>"
o%"k%"r3"e+`=1ax'dz`d!ak*1i:"2j8"q>'et"
h:"k*`az"hw"h3"*'e+'k{"o/"a&"{"d!ai:"2
c*"g/1d>`e%`n*`d!aqx1kt'2n>"m!an*`k81d$"
i:"*'my1f3't1a!`- l>`:`k)'c*`d>"e81e?'
c*`e81k)'kt'{o/"f3't1d!agu1iz'o *'i/'h3"
a!`p*1:`e:'-i:`d*1:`f*1b/'c!ak+`i:"33
88f3't1k*1i:"n*`az"hw"h3"d!ai:"|`n*`y'
kw'h3"d!ai:"a:'kt'd!ab>'o+1-00 i:1k*"
ix"2 #bj`0 d!agu1gu"dy"h:"k*`i:"mv"ey"
f3't1a!`2l!"*"e41a%`nz1gx"gu1qu'ev"a/"*"
c*"d!ai:"/"2*`ot"f%1o*"b:'c*"d!agu"/"-
  o/"ey"d!ai:"2o/"c.1d!akt"lx'a_"l_"|`
k{"i%`bz1ks"f&'bx1d('|`mv"ey"f3't1s`k}'-
cy"gu1qu'e?'d!ai:"/"g:"kt"hz'k)'+`/1k*"
|1i:"- f>'mu1+`r$"j*'pt"h:"k*`2j3"/"d!a
e.'e?"b/`hw")'c*"a:'e)"k.'r$"o%"q>'d>"
c."b_"h%"c*"2r3"i:"f>'mu1k!1ft'k.'r$"s`
kz"d3'ky'c*"cw1b/`c*`f>'mu1d!agu"/"- gu1
mu1f3't1d!aj*1a&'*'e+'~1?'i:"rw"p>"i:'
ow",m01s`e?'jy1h3"n>"e."k&'h3"2*`k*1f%1
o*"kw'r31d&"e3`dw"cw1d!ao/"|1l7"-
  gv1:12s`*'e+'qx'q>`nz1kw`az"e.`f3't1
d!ab&'d&"- hw"i:`d*1:`d!ai/'a&'e+`d%"2
i:1kt'k}`c*`i:"d$"q/"f3't1e*1k}"d!ak}'
kt"- cy"*'k!"qx'q>`h!1i:"i$"q/1h:"k*`{"
r9'/`qu'a&'h3"m(`kt"i:"jy12k+'a!afy1a:`-
g/1j:`*'cw12*'dv"n*`lw'i:`c!aa!"e."gu"
/"2n*`ks"l!`*`b:1e|"o%`s`k?"ey1d!ab&'
k?"2*'a:1d%"}1bz1$1a:`- dx'mt"d$"e."i:"
d>`e%`j!"e3`dz`cy"gu1_":1iz'$"d!agu"/"
i:12i:"a!ae.`b/'dx'n*`}1bz1f>'i:1l!`*`
k0`h:"k*`d!ak.`c*"- l&`k|"|`f3't1i:"bz1
k&'r!1mz"e.`d!a?`ey1i>'i(`2dv"a:`{"s`h/1
k("d!an/`c*"2n*`ks"nz1ow`f3'oy"l!"q/1f>'
mu1- et"hw"2ks"e."f3't1i3'o/"o>al

  d>1v"33
  #a4 ,J #b4 ,L #c4 ,A #d4 ,D #e4 ,G
#f4 ,I #g4 ,K #h4 ,B #i4 ,H #aj4 ,F
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words to know0
  99deadline n4 k+1a:`g:"j*12h$"r("j*1
et"
  t`33 meet the deadline kv`ix"k+1a:`g:"
j*1
  99whoosh vi4 q>'b/'e:'e:'iz';q0'l7"d!a
*1d&"{ou`=1$1et"hw"qu'j:1h3"ey1g&1j:16"o
  99essay n4 d}`=1
  99psychologist n4 e?'c*`e81k)'
  t`33 psychology n4 e?'c*`e81
  99equation n4 qx'bz1i:"
  99task n4 gu"/"2k&'h3"
  99burst n4 6`et";o%"q>'
  99unpleasantness n4 o/"|1l7"
  qv`33 pleasantness n4 |1l7"
  99momentum n4 b&'k?"2d&"c*"
  99daunting a4 cy"gu1j+"o/"d!a
  99stall vi4 f3't1
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
  #a4 identify ,A as ,B gu"dy" ,A $1 ,B
  identify vt4 gu"dy"
  ,Cathy identified the purse as hers by
telling the shopkeeper what it
contained4
  lw`e*'e."kw'dt"a/`i3'b/'jt1o%'n0"d!a/"
p?`cw1a:`gu"jt1o%'i:"f>'d!a-
  99purse n4 {n|`6"o jt1o%'
  #b4 look for''' e41a%`"""
  f&133 search for'''
  ,Kelly was fresh out of college when
she came to ,Taipei looking for a job4
  lw`c*"cw1fw1o0`a%`k&'h3"i:12f>'jw1kx'
j&1d>"e81o*"+"-
  #c4 drag one's feet f3'f3'c>'c>'
  ,The boy drags his feet in doing
schoolwork4
  a!"nv1rw1h3"k&'l!"f3'f3'c>'c>'-
  #d4 rise above''' l!"q/1/ ow`f3'"""
  ,The young singer rose above her
shyness to become a star4
  n>"my1nt1jy'k!'i(`l!"q/1c!aes'j8":1bz1
$1my1ey'-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
  #a4 beat vt4 k*1ow"
  ,No one believed that the challenger
could beat the champion so easily4
  m01s`gu1e.'e?"kw'f{`av"a!`nz1g/1j:`jy'
e&'d!ak*1ow"a!"my1$"mt`a!`-
  #b4 procrastination n4 f3't1
  t`33 procrastinate vi4 t1b:1
  procrastinator n4 f3't1a!`
  ,Procrastination is the thief of time4
  f3't1ks"i:"cx"q0"i:1kt'-"1t"|`
  ,Tina procrastinated until the last
minute and had to stay up late to finish
her report4
  d*"n>"*'a:1f3'd%"h$"r("*'l!"jw1o/"d!1
o/"%1+"}1bz1o%"k%"-
  99stay up late %1+"2}`i$"
  ,As every procrastinator knows1 the
hardest step to take is the first one4
  m0`k!"f3't1a!`d('a:'d%"2mw"b/'d*"*'o/"
i:"h$"nv1d!a-
  #c4 urgent a4 k?`k*1d!a2k*1p<"d!a
  ,I'm sorry ,I can't go out with you
tonight because ,I have something urgent
to deal with4
  3`ru`o%"jt"k?'}`/1q>`ku'n*`mu1b/'j|"2
?'$"3`s`k*1i:"{"b/`c*`-
  #d4 chronic a4 {k*1oy"o mv"ey"d!a2bx1
j*1d!a
  t`33 a chronic disease/ illness mv"ey"
oy"
  qv`33 an acute disease/ illness k*1ey"
oy"
  ,High blood pressure is a chronic
disease that should be treated properly4
  k%'e8")'i:"mv"ey"oy"2y'dx'k?`iu"a:"
c{1-
  #e4 demanding a4 b:'c*"d!a;l!'js1d!a
  ,Although it was a demanding job1 ,I
felt ,I learned a lot from it4
  e$'gv1n>"qu"k&'h3"ru`b:'c*"2dv"3`k81
d!aj&1a&'e81d%"ru`d3'-
  #f4 unfortunately adv4 o/"ey"d!a2cy"
gu1*1rv"d!a
  qv`33 fortunately adv4 ey"4"d!a
  ,Unfortunately1 ,Ethan can't join us
tonight because he came down with a
cold4
  ru`o/"ey"d!a2*'eu'k?'}`/1q>`k)'g/"3`
mu12?'$"f>'kv`m%"c!a-
  99come down with''' gv`ix""""{k*1oy"o
  ,Fortunately1 there was still time for
,Holly to catch her flight4
  ey"r%`r!1c*"rw1s`i:1kt'l!`*`kv`ix"f>'
d!aov'k*'-
  #g4 falsely adv4 j3"/"d!a2o/"az"j8"d!a
  ,Anorexics diet excessively because
they falsely believe that they are
overweight4
  t"i:1az"r}"a!`?'$"/"*`$1h:"k*`k3"a&":1
k3"d/"k+1i:1-
  99anorexic n4 t"i:1az"r}"a!`
  #h4 creativity n4 b_"h%"c*"
  t`33 creative a4 s`b_"*"d!a;s`b_"h%"
c*"d!a
  ,The program aims to help people
develop creativity and innovation4
  a!"f%"l!"bz1a:`hw"ox'a/"gu1mu1q>'av`
b_"*"r!1b_"e?'d!anz1c*"-
  ,The creative artist transformed a
pile of junk into a piece of art4
  a!"$"s`b_"*"d!a*"i/"k)'k.'*'d$'c!"e!"
a}`ot"bz1*'kt"*"i/"p?`-
  #i4 tackle vt4 d$"q/"2b/`c*`{nv1f*1o
  f&133 deal with'''/ cope with'''
  ,Mark is used to tackling problems by
himself instead of asking others for
help4
  m>`l!"e*1k}"h:"k*`b/`c*`="f*12o/"js1
o+1gu1e+1a/"-
  #aj4 remedy vt4 o/`ks";a:"c{1 &
n4 o/`ks"a:'d%";c{1q>`
  ,The government took measures to
remedy the education system4
  az"q/`jw`j|`j3"i:'es'az"k{"|"f*`a:"-
  ,Coca-,Cola was originally a remedy
for stomach problems4
  l!`l(`l!`c!"ou`cw1i:"a:"c{1$"oy"d!a{"-
  #aa4 urge n4 b&'d&"
  ,I felt an urge to scream when ,I saw
my favorite singer on the street4
  dx'3`hw"k+'ix"lv"d%"3`h$"e*`r}'d!ak!'
i(`i:12s`k/`e.`{"kt'k{"d!ab&'d&"-
  #ab4 overcome vt4 av"iz"7ev'fw"$133
overcome1 overcame1 overcome47
  ,Courage will help you overcome
whatever life throws at you4
  6`j*"k.'ox'n*`l!"q/1gu1iz'a&'e3`s`l="
g%`n*`d!ai:"jy1-
          33333333333333333333

    &~1cw1g/1j:`y
  #a4 ,If you have ever put off
something urgent1 like a major project
or essay1 but found yourself doing
something less important1 like cleaning
your room instead1 you are most
certainly a procrastinator4
  g/1k3`n*`jz1ky'f3't1m(`e+'e."i:"a&"d>"
o%"k%"r3"e+`=1ax'dz`d!ak*1i:"2j8"q>'et"
h:"k*`az"hw"h3"*'e+'k{"o/"a&"{"d!ai:"2
c*"g/1d>`e%`n*`d!aqx1kt'2n>"m!an*`k81d$"
i:"*'my1f3't1a!`-
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1s`o{`}1bz1i:"d!aa/"d&"j:1
have1 l&"k!1r("s`dw"my1j:1 something
{m(`i:"o2d!1a:'l&"k!1y'a:"k3"j|"qu'j:1
ey1i:"d!ak*1/"d&"j:1r3"pt"|`d&"j:1-
  b4 e~`e."a&'q/1r!1ix"i/"d!ak?`s` 7,J7
put off {f3't1o2a:"g/"r("*"q/1r!1|`*"2
k/"$1az"e~`-
  c4 put off'''/ put''' off f$'b:1"""2
i:`"""t1j*1
  f&133 postpone vt4
  ,Never put off until tomorrow what you
can do today4
  k?'g:"i:"k?'g:"o*"-"1t"|`
  #b4 ,Piers ,Steel1 a psychologist at
the ,University of ,Calgary and author
of ,The ,Procrastination ,Equation1
offers an explanation1 8,Procrastination
is the difference between what you are
doing and what you should be doing40
  l>`:`k)'c*`d>"e81e?'c*`e81k)'kt'{o/"
f3't1d!agu1iz'o *'i/'h3"a!`p*1:`e:'-i:`
d*1:`f*1b/'c{`k+`i:"3388f3't1k*1i:"n*`
az"hw"h3"d!ai:"|`n*`y'kw'h3"d!ai:"a:'kt'
d!ab>'o+1-00
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1s`o/"dy"k}"j:1 an1 d!1a:'
l&"k!1y'a:"m/`?'$1i(`d!adv'i/"my1j:1-
  b4 e~`e."a&'$1q/1r!1ix"i/"d!ak?`s`
7,L7 explanation {k+`i:"o2a:"g/"r("*"q/1
r!1|`*"2k/"$1az"e~`-
  c4 explanation n4 k+`i:"
  ,My boss demanded my explanation for
being late4
  3`d!ac%`ov`{"3`k+`i:"b:1d%"d!a~1?'-
  #c4 ,In fact1 #bj`0 of people identify
themselves as chronic procrastinators
who purposely look for distractions to
avoid demanding tasks4
  i:1k*"ix"2#bj`0 d!agu1gu"dy"h:"k*`i:"
mv"ey"f3't1a!`2l!"*"e41a%`nz1gx"gu1qu'
ev"a/"*"c*"d!ai:"/"2*`ot"f%1o*"b:'c*"d!a
gu"/"-
  c*`s133
  a4 l&"k!1jt1s`k}'e*"dw"my1j:1 who h3"
a/`j:12l&"k!1r("s`pt"|`d&"j:1 look for
{e41a%`o2d!1a:'l&"k!1y'a:"q/"j:1*`es'i:"
look for4
  b4 e~`e."a&'$1q/"j:1d!as` 7,A7
purposely {k/"*"d!ao, 7,C7 worldwide
{i:"k+"k!"d*"o k*1 7,E7 hence {?'j:`o2$1
ku'k|"|`*"2 7,A7 e."y'$1az"e~`-
  c4 purposely adv4 k/"*"d!a
  f&133 on purpose
  ,Janice purposely dropped her books to
draw ,Bob's attention4
  k+1n*1e:'k/"*"o>`i/'d{"hw"d*"ix"*`e*'
?`o%"o<1d!aa/"*"-
  #d4 ,Unfortunately1 poor health and
less success are often linked to chronic
procrastination4
  o/"ey"d!ai:"2o/"c.1d!akt"lx'a_"l_"|`
k{"i%`bz1ks"f&'bx1d('|`mv"ey"f3't1s`k}'-
  c*`s133
  a4 ou`f*1j!"i:"*`e)"k/"dy"6"q>`33
  be linked to''' |`"""s`k}'ct1
  f&133 be related to'''
  ,Researchers have found that many
major diseases are linked to diets high
in sugar4
  t1ks"gu1~1q>'et"2e|`d3'a&"d>"k*1oy"|`
fx1qu"k3"d3'd!a?`i:1s`k}'-
  b4 ku'k|"ix"i/"6"q>`2 7,D7 e."y'$1az"
e~`-
  #e4 ,It doesn't help that the number
of distractions grows every day4
  cy"gu1qu'e?'d!ai:"/"g:"kt"hz'k)'+`/1
k*"|1i:"-
  c*`s133
  a4 ou`f*1j!"i:"*`e)"k/"dy"6"q>`33
  the number of+ q/"i/"my1j:1"""d!ai/"
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#f 8" #bh g:" a/`f*1k|"e+`h3"

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  c*"6" #b,W 7,What+ ,Why7
  d*"*'d}" ,What is your nickname8
  ,Why are you called that8
  d*":"d}" ,What are the advantages and
disadvantages of having a nickname8
  ,Why is having a nickname good or bad8
  k+1c="k|" ,In general1 however1 ,I
believe having a nickname creates a
strong bond with friends1 so ,I am happy
that ,I had one4

  &d>"kx'y
  d*"*'d}"?`d%`k|"33 ,I had an
interesting nickname when ,I was in high
school4
  a4 ,It all started with a visit to a
hair salon where my hair became fluffier
than usual4
  b4 ,When someone said ,I looked like a
puppy1 everyone started to call me
8,Puppy40
  d*":"d}"?`d%`k|"33 ,At first1 ,I
didn't really like the nickname1 but
after a while1 ,I got used to it4
  a4 ,I found that there were some good
things about having a nickname4
  b4 ,The bad thing about having a funny
nickname1 though1 was that other people
who didn't know me well enough might
have thought ,I was a silly person4
  k+1c="k|"33 ,In general1 however1 ,I
believe having a nickname creates a
strong bond with friends1 so ,I am happy
that ,I had one4
          33333333333333333333

    &qv"=1y
  ,I had an interesting nickname when ,I
was in high school4 ,It all started with
a visit to a hair salon4 ,My hair became
fluffier than usual after that1 and most
of my friends teased me in school the
next day about it4 ,When someone said ,I
looked like a puppy1 everyone started to
call me 8,Puppy40 ,In some ways1 my hair
really did look like a funny poodle4
,Soon enough1 the cute name stuck1 and
nearly all my friends called me by that
name4
  ,At first1 ,I didn't really like the
nickname1 but after a while1 ,I got used
to it4 ,I even grew to like it4 ,I found
that there were some good things about
having a nickname4 ,For example1 it
somehow made me feel closer to my
friends who called me by that name4 ,The
bad thing about having a funny nickname1
though1 was that other
people who didn't know me well enough
might have thought ,I was a silly
person4 ,Therefore1 after high school1
,I didn't keep the name for professional
reasons4 ,In general1 however1 ,I
believe having a nickname creates a
strong bond with friends1 so ,I am happy
that ,I had one4
          33333333333333333333

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    8,Words to know0
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  99silly a4 i>`i>`d!a2|1m0"d!a2l!`e{"
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  t`33 foolish a4 |1b=`d!a
  stupid a4 |1ou"d!a
          33333333333333333333

    8,Practical ,Phrases0
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  f&133 get accustomed to ,N/ ,V-ing
  t`33 used to ,V k3"j|"jz1ky'"""
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kt"g&1*"d!ai:"-
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featured in many plays4
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ru`d3'/`fw1k|"-
          33333333333333333333

    8,Grammar ,Tips0
  ,Soon enough1 the cute name stuck1 and
nearly all my friends called me by that
name4
  a/"*"
 call sb by that name *`n>"k!"my1h:abz'
r/'m(`gu1
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m(`i:"o
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supermarket4
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names4
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  ,I met a sweet guy by the name of
,Bruno ,Mars4
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n}`nv1-
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religion4
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d!a-
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    8,Words & ,Phrases in ,Use0
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b3"r%"
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am skinny4
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homeruns4
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m%1a_"d!a
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laid her head on the thick1 fluffy
pillow4
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iu'r("d!ajy1*1-
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with their children as often as
possible4
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ru`a&"{"d!a-
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    &k?"k+'qv"=1y
  ,Like a lot of people1 ,I picked up a
humorous nickname while ,I was in high
school4 ,As a result of a visit to a
hair salon1 my friends began calling me
8,Puppy40 ,I have to admit that ,I did
somewhat resemble a poodle with the
strange1 fluffy hairdo the hairstylist
left me with4 ,My friends said that the
funny name suited not only my hairstyle
but my personality as well4 ,They said
that ,I had a pleasant disposition1 just
like a friendly dog4
  ,I must say there were both benefits
and drawbacks to having such a cuddly
nickname4 ,The nickname brought a
certain intimacy to my friendships with
my classmates1 and ,I enjoyed the bond
it created between us4 ,However1 some
people who didn't know me well enough
tended to misjudge me4 ,They might have
thought ,I wasn't a smart or serious
person because of my nickname4 ,This
actually did bother me a lot1 and after
some time1 ,I asked my friends to stop
calling me by that nickname4 ,Most of my
friends respected my decision1 although
a few continued to call me 8,Puppy0 just
for fun4 ,I think it's important to take
a person's feelings into account when
considering whether to call someone by a
certain nickname4
          33333333333333333333

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7,C7 enroll in 7,D7 scale down
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7#f/#c7
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7,C7 undermine 7,D7 enclose
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affect your eyesight4 7#f/#aj7
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7,C7 permanently 7,D7 punctually
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7,C7 immensely 7,D7 equally
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7,D7 is entitled to
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7,C7 embarrassment 7,D7 direction
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food for at least three months4 7#f/#ba7
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7,D7 nourishing
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